• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.19-30
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• 2002

The stability of slope using root-pile like to the reinforcements is affected by the interaction behavior mechanism of soil-reinforcements. Through the studying on the interaction in joint of its, therefore, the control roles can be find out in installed slope. In study, the stress level ratio based on the insert angle of installed reinforcements in soil used to numerical analysis, which was results from the duty direct shear test in Lab. The maximum shear strain variation on the reinforcements was observed at insert angle, which was approximately similar to the calculated angle based on the equation proposed by the Jewell. The elasto-plastic joint model on the contact area of soil-reinforcements was presumed, the reinforced soil assumed non-linear elastic model and the reinforcements supposed elastic model, respectively. The finite element analysis of assumed models was performed. The shear strain variation of non-reinforced state obtained by the FEM analysis including elasto-plastic joint elements were shown the rationality of general limit equilibrium analysis for the slope failure mode on driving zone and resistance zone, which based on the stress level step according to failure ratio. Through the variation of shear strain for the variation of inserting angle of reinforcements, the different mechanism on the bending and the shear resistance of reinforcements was shown fair possibility.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2018

Background Venous anastomosis is an important component of digital replantation, but is not always feasible, as some cases require external bleeding to treat venous congestion in the replanted tissue. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between the number of vein anastomoses and the survival rate of Tamai zone I replantations. Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent replantation of a fingertip amputation between 2014 and 2016. Patient charts were reviewed for demographic information, the mechanism of injury, the number of venous anastomoses, and the use of anticoagulation, external bleeding, and/or leeches. The cohort was divided into 3 groups depending on the number of venous anastomoses: no veins (group 1), a single vein (group 2), and 2 or more veins (group 3). Survival rates and external bleeding rates were analyzed across the groups. Results The review identified 143 fingertip replantations among 134 patients. The overall survival rate was 94% (135 of 143). Failures were due equally to venous complications (n=4, 50%) and to arterial complications (n=4, 50%). Our analysis did not identify any correlation between the number of veins anastomosed and the replant survival rate (P=0.689). However, a greater number of anastomoses was associated with a significantly lower frequency of external bleeding (P=0.017). Conclusions The number of venous anastomoses was not correlated with the survival rate. However, a greater number of venous anastomoses was associated with a decreased need for external bleeding, corresponding to a significant decrease in the need for postoperative monitoring and leech therapy.

• 대한미세수술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.75-76
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• 1992

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.10 no.4 s.37
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• pp.629-639
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• 1998

This paper summarizes the results of full-scale cyclic seismic performance tests on three column-tree type steel moment connections. Each test specimen consisted of a $H-600{\times}200$ beam and a $H-400{\times}400$ column of SS41 (SS400). Key parameter included was column PZ (panel zone) strength relative to beam strength. The seismic performance of specimen with stronger PZ tended to be inferior. Total plastic rotations available in the specimens ranged from 1.8 to 3.0 (% rad). The limited test results in this study seem to support the speculation that permitting PZ yielding shall be more beneficial to enhancing total plastic rotation capacity of the moment connection. Beam flange fracture across the heat affected zone and divot-type pullout of the column flange were observed in the tests. A conceptual mechanical model consistent with observed test results was also sought.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.590-593
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• 2011

Purpose: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the third most frequently reported nosocomial infection. Of these SSIs, mostly were confined to the incision associated with underlying disease as diabetes, cigarette smoking, systemic steroid use, obesity, operating room environment, suture and surgical technique. This study has been planned to reduce the SSIs by using Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ (Ethicon, USA) which contains triclosan, a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, into the infected wound to evaluate whether or not Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ (Ethicon, USA) is effective to nosocomial bacteria using a zone of inhibition assay. Methods: We did a comparison of Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ suture (with triclosan) size 2-0, 5-0 with $Vicryl^{(R)}$ suture (without triclosan) size 4-0 each as treatment and control group, applied in Mueller-Hinton agar infected by following mircroorganisms: Methicillin-sensitive $Staphylococcus$ $aureus$ (MSSA), Methicillin-resistant $Staphylococcus$ $aureus$ (MRSA), Acinetobacter baumanii, $Escherichia$ $coli$, Enterobacter faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans. Cultures were made of the selected mircroorganisms, seeding the study strain in agar plates for 24 and 48-hour period in an oven at $37^{\circ}C$ followed by zone of inhibition assay. Results: Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ group has demonstrated to create a zone of inhibition against MRSA, MSSA and $A.$ $baumanii$, but no effect on $E.$ $faecalis$, $P.$ $aeruginosa$, $C.$ $albicans$. Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ suture size 2-0 also had antibactericidal effect while Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ suture size 5-0 did not. $Vicryl^{(R)}$ group had no zones of inhibition showing colonization at all mircroorganisms. Conclusion: Our results seem to warrant the use of Vicryl $plus^{(R)}$ as absorbable buried suture when concerning SSIs as a prophylaxis against surgical nosocomial infection.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.596-603
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• 2022

Background We suggested an easy and effective harvesting technique to avoid injury to tissues adjacent to the latissimus dorsi (LD). Methods Between 2007 and 2017, breast reconstruction was performed with an LD flap using the "bottom-up" technique. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Data on postoperative complications, results, and follow-up were obtained. Nine cadaveric dissections were performed to assess positional relationships between LD and adjacent muscles based on the ribs where relevant muscles and LD attach. Overall, 78 LD flaps were harvested without complications. Results Average age was 45.4 years. The mean operation time was 260minutes. There were no abnormalities or injuries in the adjacent fascia and muscles during the flap harvest. Drains were removed at an average of 21.9 days postoperatively. In all cadavers, there was conjoined fascia between the thoracolumbar and LD fasciae. The average level of the merging point between the LD and external oblique muscle (EOM) was 8.9 to 11.1 ribs. The average level of the overlapping point between the LD and serratus posterior inferior (SPI) was 9.5 to 11.1 ribs. Conclusions There are three dangerous zones during LD flap harvesting. The first zone is where the conjoined fascia encompasses the LD and thoracolumbar fasciae. The second zone is where the LD merges with the EOM and the serratus anterior. The third zone is the lower part where the LD merges with the SPI and EOM. The "bottom-up" technique enables a more meticulous and atraumatic operation by beginner flap surgeons.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 1998

The kinematically admissible veolcity field is developed for the shapes of dead metal zone and the curving velocity distribution in the eccentric plane dies extrusion. The shape of dead metal zone is defined as the boundary surface with the maximum friction constant between the deformable zone and the rigid zone. The curving phenomenon in the eccentric lane dies is caused by the eccentricity of plane dies. The axial velocity distribution in the plane dies is divided in to the uniform velocity and the deviated velocity. The deviated velocity is linearly changed with the distance from the center of cross-section of the workpiece. The results show that the curvature of products and the shapes of the dead metal one are determined by the minimization of the plastic work and that the curvature of the extruded products increase with the eccentricity.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.499-504
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• 2002

The microstructural change associated with the hardness profile in friction stir welded, age-hardenable 6005 Al alloy had been evaluated. Frictional heat and plastic flow during friction stir welding created the fine recrystallized grain (Stir Zone, SZ), the elongated and recovered grain (Thermo-Mechanical Affected Zone, TMAZ) in the weld zone. Heat affected zone (HAZ), which could be only identified by hardness test because there is no difference in the grain structure compared with that of the base metal, was formed beside the weld zone. A softened region had been formed near the weld zone during friction stir welding process. The softened region was characterized by the dissolution and coarsening of the strengthening precipitate during the friction stir welding. The sound joints of 6005 Al alloys were successfully formed under a wide range of the friction stir welding conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.250-253
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• 1998

The kinematically admissible velocity field is developed for the shapes of dead metal zone and the curving velocity distribution in the eccentric plane dies extrusion. The shape of dead metal zone is defined as the boundary surface with the maximum friction constant between the deformable zone and the rigid zone. The curving phenomenon in the eccentric plane dies is caused by the eccentricity of plane dies. The axial velocity distribution in the plane dies is divided in to the uniform velocity and the deviated velocity. The deviated velocity is linearly changed with the distance from the center of cross-section of the workpiece. The results show that the curvature of products and the shapes of the dead metal zone are determined by the minimization of the plastic work and that the curvature of the extruded products increases with the eccentricity.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.315-327
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• 2002

The main objective of this study is to develop an discrete optimization algorithm of plane steel frames with rigid using second-order-elastic-plastic hinge analysis which is considering panel zone. Conventional analyses of steel frame are usually tarried out without considering the effect of panel zone deformation on frame behavior The validity of this model is established by comparison without panel zone on joint models is analyzed numerically to demonstrate the importance of using realistic models in steel frame analysis. The objective function is taken as Weight of steel frames and the constraints we formulated based on AISC-LRFD(1994). The validity of the developed algorithm we demonstrate by comparing the result with those of SAP2000. The result of the study indicates that the optimal design algorithm considering of panel zone behavior more economic design than simple steel frame design methods.