• 공업화학
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.981-989
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• 1994

국내에서 상당량 채취되는 자연산 bentonite(Ca계)와 이를 $Na_2CO_3$로 전환시켜 상업적으로 여러 용도에서 사용되는 Na계 bentonite를 신소재 개발을 위한 점토/유기물 복합체에 대한 고찰 측면에서 matrix 수지를 ABS로 하고 이의 충진재로의 특성을 살펴 보았다. 결과, bentonite의 함량이 증가하면 탄성율은 증가하지만 충격강도는 감소하였으며, 경도는 일정하였다. Na계 bentonite가 Ca계에 비하여 탄성율은 낮지만 충격강도에서 상대적 높은 값을 나타내었다. 저장탄성율(E')은 온도가 상승함에 따라 감소하나 tan ${\delta}$는 주파수가 증가할수록 고온으로 shift되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제22권3호통권93호
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• pp.337-345
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• 2006

영지버섯, 장수버섯, 상황버섯을 곡물에서 배양하는 고체재료 발효방법을 개발하였으며, 발효된 곡물을 이용하여 즙장을 제조하고 관능검사를 실시함으로써 기능성식품으로서의 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. 담자균의 고체재료 배양을 위하여 사용된 곡물의 특성을 조사한 결과, 냉침시간에 따른 곡물의 수분함량 변화는 메주콩이 10시간, 보리는 6시간, 율무가 4시간, 밀이 12시간만에 최대수화 시간에 도달하였으나 최종 수분함량이 $30{\sim}48\;%$로서 버섯 균사체가 생장하기에는 부족한 수분함량을 보였다. 담자균사체의 대량배양 조건실험을 실시한 결과, 냉침에 의해 최대수화에 도달한 곡물을 배양용기에 담고, 액체배양 후 균질화한 담자 균사체를 곡물에 접종함으로써 접종초기 짧은 시간에 균사가 완전히 활착되도록 할 수 있었다. 또한 균사 배양중기에 멸균 증류수를 첨가함으로써 균사의 활력을 유지시킬 수 있었다. 곡물에 배양된 담자균의 균사체량을 나타내는 glucosamine의 함량은 장수버섯과 상황버섯이 배양된 율무에서 특히 높은 함량을 나타내었고 영지버섯이 배양된 곡물의 경우는 밀에서 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 담자균사체에 의해 발효된 곡물을 이용하여 즙장을 제조하고 관능검사를 실시한 결과, 영지버섯 균사체가 배양된 곡물이 가장 우수하였는데, 그 중 콩에 율무를 혼합한 시료가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, 숙성기간이 길어짐에 따라 전반적으로 기호도가 약간씩 상승하였다.

• 복식
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• 제27권
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• pp.189-205
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• 1996

This Study aims to show that hats are a form of plastic arts the ideal means which provides characteristics aura for the appearance of a per-son and expresses his personality. And analyizing the characteristics and function of the hat designs this study examines the formative aes-thetic of hats and tries to show the possibility of developing the modern hat design. For the purpose this study needs to consider these points: First on the basis of the study of the culture of clothes from the ancient to the modern the origin of hats and the process of changes in hats are examined. Secondly after analyizing of the formative aestheic of hats focussed on the form and tex-ture this study tries to explore. Thirdly the symbolic meaning of hats is stud-ied and then how it was applied to the modern hat design is considered. On the basis of these considerations the conclusions of this study are as follows: First we can see that all the basic shapes of hats were formed very early in the history and hats' shapes were transformed rather by the changer of the size decoration and proportion of hats than by that of hat's form itself. Secondly analyizing various works of hat designers by focussing on the aspects of the for-mative aesthetic this study can find that the formative aesthetic of hat design is very import-ant in changing silhouette of clothes and it has may possibilities of development to meet the modern sense. And lastly this study suggests that in apply-ing hats which had been symbolically used to the modern sense we should pay attention not to simply imitate them but to recreate the aes-thetic characteristics of hat designs so that we can develop the style of hats including both practical function and aesthetic element.

• 한국GIS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국GIS학회 2008년도 공동춘계학술대회
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• pp.530-535
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• 2008

현재 서울시 내에는 수많은 공공조형예술품들이 있다. 하지만 시민들은 그것들이 어디에 위치하고 있는지 쉽게 파악 할 수 없는 실정이며, 그에 따라 공공조형예술품들을 즐길 기회 또한 잃고 있다. 그래서 Web2.0 및 Mash-Up을 활용한 Web Portal Site를 구축하여 그것들에 대한 위치정보를 제공해 줄 뿐만 아니라, 시인들의 의견을 수렴하여 관리 및 유지보수 측면 등의 의사결정에 직접적으로 참여할 수 있는 Web 공간을 구축하였다. 기본적으로 서울시에서 파악하고 있는 공공조형예술품들에 대한 DB를 제공하고 또한 사용자가 정보를 입력하는 인터페이스를 통하여 기존 DB에 없는 정보를 추가함으로써 관리자 및 사용자가 쌍방향으로 DB를 구축하게 된다. DB를 바탕으로 Naver Map 및 Google Map 을 활용한 공공조형예술품들의 위치를 나타내는 지도를 제공한다. 그리고 입력된 DB를 바탕으로 예술품들의 행정구역별 수량 및 각 예술품 종류별 수량 등의 통계적 자료를 추출하여 제시하고, 사용자는 입력되어 있는 예술품들에 대한 평가 및 관리 보수 등의 의견을 제시하여 서울시 내의 공공조형예술품에 관한 의사결정에 의견을 제시할 수 있다. 본 연구물의 결과로 기대 할 수 있는 효과는 도시 재생 및 도시 계획 재정립에 있어 사용자 참여 유도 및 참고적 역할을 할 수 있고, 도시 내 조형예술품들에 대한 정보 제공의 기점 역할을 하여, 관광객 유치 및 도시 문화사업의 도움이 될 수 있다.

• 복식
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.76-97
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to review the influence of Ukiyo-e on the design of European Paintings of the $19^{th}$ century and the expression of the design of Kosode design in Edo-era. We collected data from the actual study of visiting Museums and other theories and visual materials through literature review. Then, we analyzed the data. The result came out that Ukiyo-e, which is the genre painting of Edo-era, provided the new vision and the new way of expression to the European Paintings of the $19^{th}$ century. In the same way, the result also indicated that Ukiyo-e similarly influenced on the design of Kosode. For example, the study showed that the patterns of Kosode, such as flower, bridge, fun, wave, Lotus flower, stripe, oval, plaid, were used in the works of European artists in the $19^{th}$ century. The Ukiyo-e styles include Kan Bun style, Dan-Gawari style, Back facing style, Two-Section Segmentation style, and Folding screen style, with the identity of Japan and Japanese unique nature and landscapes. Thus, this study proved the design of Kosode to be the frontier of both European and Japanese arts, by examining Ukioyo-e's plastic characteristics, its composition & arrangements, and its subjects & objects which were samely revealed in Kosode design and European Art in nineteenth century.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.2614-2624
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• 2022

Monte Carlo simulations were used to model a portable Neutron backscattering (NBT) sensor suitable for detecting plastic anti-personnel mines (APMs) buried in dry and moist soils. The model consists of a 100 MBq ²⁵²Cf source encapsulated in a neutron reflector/shield assembly and centered between two ³He detectors. Multi-parameter optimization was performed to investigate the efficiency of Be/Zr(BH₄)₄ and Be/Be(BH₄)₂ assemblies in terms of increasing the signal-to-background (S/B) ratio and reducing the total dose equivalent rate. The MCNP results showed that 2 cm Be/3 cm Zr(BH₄)₄ and 2 cm Be/3 cm Be(BH₄)₂ are the optimal configurations. However, due to portability requirements and abundance of Be, the ²⁵²Cf-2 cm Be/3 cm Be(BH₄)₂ NBT model was selected to scan the center of APM buried 3 cm deep in dry and moist soils. The selected NBT model has positively identified the APM with a S/B ratio of 886 for dry soils of 1 wt% hydrogen content and with S/B ratios of 615, 398, 86, and 12 for the moist soils containing 4, 6, 10, and 14 wt% hydrogen, respectively. The total dose equivalent rate reached 0.0031 mSv/h, suggesting a work load of 8 h/day for 806 days within the permissible annual dose limit of 20 mSv.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제3권
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• pp.145-177
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• 2001

The artist's interest has been captivated by ecological phenomena in Nature. Her keen captivation has then been focused into plastic art depicting the image of primitive life. The wide sweep of her work encompasses the totality of nature which consists of the human's subconscious power and imagination which she then portrays by organic images. These organic images are in contrast to scientific, mathematical and logical inference and consciousness. This research examines the character of the organic images in modern art by her analysis of some representative works by others. The image is an essential concept in the art which appeared in very different ways and in different perspectives. The image in the artwork appears to be the realistic expression until the early part of the 20th Century. Well into the 20th Century, it began being expressed in various ways such as combined images by imagination which is combined or rejected in the story of artwork. It also began being expressed by transferred images by changed original conditions. It is the main purpose of this research is to study of various expressions of organic images in the artwork of the Post-Modernism era. The character and meaning of organic image painting helps people to approach the human instinct more easily to find out the natural essence. It is also an objective of the organic image to tenderise our human sensibilities, thus helping us to regain vitality and recover our poor humanity in the barren wilderness of modern society. 'Life communion with nature' is a meeting point and common ground for Oriental Philosophy and organic image painting. Through this research, organic image painting is characterised in the four following ways : 1st) Organic image painting seeks regularity and perfection of outer shapes, in contrast to disordered and deformed nature, resulting in organic and biotic formalistic mode of plastic art. 2nd) Organic image painting seeks the formative. 3rd) Organic image painting pursues the priceless dignity of life by researching the formatted arrangement and figure, which contains primitive power of life. 4th) Organic image painting makes crystal clear the power of human and nature, which is a historic and biological phenomenon. This, in turn, exposes the humanistic view of the world from modern society best characterised in lost self-understanding, isolation and materialism. The representative organic image painting artists are Elizabeth Murray, Kusama Yayoi, and Niki do Saint Phalle. Elizabeth Murray used shaped canvas and a round construction of relief works. Kusama Yayoi used Automatistic expressionism originating from the realms of unconsciousness and which is represented by the mass and shape of a water drop. Niki do Saint Phalle shows the transcendence of universal life and anti-life to respect the dignity of life and the eco-friendliness relationship of human and nature in the post-modernism in art history. This is accomplished by surrealistic, symbolic, fantastic and humoristic expression. These three artists' works express the spirit of the organic image in contemporary art. It contains the stream of nature and life to seek not only the state of materialism in the reality, but also the harmonized world of nature and human which has almost lost the important meaning in modern times. Finally, this organic image is the plastic language of the majestic life. It is the romantic idea that the intimacy of nature and the universe and Surrealism, which emphasizes the unconsciousness , is the source of truth and spirit. Also it is influenced by primitive art and abstract art. According to this research, the subject 'Research About Organic Images' is not only an important element in the plastic arts from primitive society to the present, but is also fundamental to an true understanding of Post-Modernism.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.69-92
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• 2015

최근 소셜 미디어의 사용이 폭발적으로 증가함에 따라 이용자가 직접 생성하는 방대한 데이터를 분석하기 위한 다양한 텍스트 마이닝(text mining) 기법들에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 이에 따라 텍스트 분석을 위한 알고리듬(algorithm)의 정확도와 수준 역시 높아지고 있으나, 특히 감성 분석(sentimental analysis)의 영역에서 언어의 문법적 요소만을 적용하는데 그쳐 화용론적 의미론적 요소를 고려하지 못한다는 한계를 지닌다. 본 연구는 이러한 한계를 보완하기 위해 기존의 알고리듬 보다 의미 자질을 폭 넓게 고려할 수 있는 Word2Vec 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 한국어 품사 중 형용사를 감정을 표현하는 '감정어휘'로 분류하고, Word2Vec 모델을 통해 추출된 감정어휘의 연관어 중 명사를 해당 감정을 유발하는 요인이라고 정의하여 이 전체 과정을 'Emotion Trigger'라 명명하였다. 본 연구는 사례 연구(case study)로 사회적 이슈가 된 세 직업군(교수, 검사, 의사)의 특정 사건들을 연구 대상으로 선정하고, 이 사건들에 대한 대중들의 인식에 대해 분석하고자 한다. 특정 사건들에 대한 일반 여론과 직접적으로 표출된 개인 의견 모두를 고려하기 위하여 뉴스(news), 블로그(blog), 트위터(twitter)를 데이터 수집 대상으로 선정하였고, 수집된 데이터는 유의미한 연구 결과를 보여줄 수 있을 정도로 그 규모가 크며, 추후 다양한 연구가 가능한 시계열(time series) 데이터이다. 본 연구의 의의는 키워드(keyword)간의 관계를 밝힘에 있어, 기존 감성 분석의 한계를 극복하기 위해 Word2Vec 기법을 적용하여 의미론적 요소를 결합했다는 점이다. 그 과정에서 감정을 유발하는 Emotion Trigger를 찾아낼 수 있었으며, 이는 사회적 이슈에 대한 일반 대중의 반응을 파악하고, 그 원인을 찾아 사회적 문제를 해결하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.470-478
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• 2017

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, fermentation quality and in vitro ruminal fermentation of various ratios and storage periods of liquid brewer's yeast (LBY) mixed with cassava pulp (CVP). Methods: Four mixtures of fresh LBY and CVP were made (LBY0, LBY10, LBY20, and LBY30 for LBY:CVP at 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70, respectively) on a fresh matter basis, in 500 g in plastic bags and stored at 30 to $32^{\circ}C$. After storage, the bags were opened weekly from weeks 0 to 4. Fermentation quality and in vitro gas production (IVGP) were determined, as well as the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin contents. Results: The contents of CP and EE increased, whereas all other components decreased, in proportion to LBY inclusion (p<0.01). The DM and OM contents gradually decreased in weeks 3 and 4 (p<0.05), while EE contents were lowest in week 0. The pH, ammonia nitrogen per total nitrogen ($NH_3-N/TN$) and V-score in each mixture and storage period demonstrated superior fermentation quality ($pH{\leq}4.2$, $NH_3-N/TN{\leq}12.5%$, and V-score>90%). The pH increased and $NH_3-N/TN$ decreased, with proportionate increases of LBY, whereas the pH decreased and $NH_3-N/TN$ increased, as the storage periods were extended (p<0.01). Although IVGP decreased in proportion to the amount of LBY inclusion (p<0.01), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was unaffected by the mixture ratios. The highest IVGP and IVOMD were observed in week 0 (p<0.01). Conclusion: The inclusion of LBY (as high as 30%) into CVP improves the chemical composition of the mixture, thereby increasing the CP content, while decreasing IVGP, without decreasing fermentation quality and IVOMD. In addition, a preservation period of up to four weeks can guarantee superior fermentation quality in all types of mixtures. Therefore, we recommend limiting the use of CVP as a feed ingredient, given its low nutritional value and improving feed quality with the inclusion of LBY.

• 복식
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• 제6권
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• pp.7-26
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• 1982

Investigation for industrial revolution has been recognized as an important issue of historical science, since industrial revolution itself was a historical moment in modern economic society and in the forming of modern capitalistic culture. If clothing culture had been developed in close relation to social culture. industrial revolution which gave a base for modern capitalistic culture, would be a birth of modern clothing as well as a moment for modernization of western clothing. As it takes for granted that industrial revolution, historical phenomenon is a developmental base of modern clothing culture. This study tried to enlighten the origin of modern clothing culture phenomenon with investigation of industrial revolution as a historical moment in modern clothing culture through documental study. Historian's point of view and method of studying are important when we investigate the clothing phenomenon. Although culture phenomenon of industrial revolution has been evaluated usually through socialogical aspect, studying for clothing culture phenomenon must be carried out on aethetical as well as well as sociological aspect, on account of dualism of clothing, as it is social and artistic nature. In 19th century, there were technical improvement, changing patterns of production, changing social relation and beginning of mass culture. At the same time clothing culture phenomenon was changed in relation to modern capitalistic society. The findings of the study could be summarized as follows. 1. Technical improvement in textile industry and fitting process brought about mechanization of clothing industry. 2. Appearance of popular clothing culture made it easy to spread to various classes of society. 3. Development of transportation system and communication channel made it internationalization of western clothing. 4. Recognition of importance in functional style of clothing. 5. The pursuit of modern aesthetics made rapid changing mode of clothing. Above distinctive features of modern clothing culture were derived from by-product of machinary culture, mass culture, internationalism, rapidly changing mode of various culture during industrial revolution. Industrial revolution was a change of the material world as well as in industry owing to machine advent, then the culture part that displayed directly these changes was the plastic arts of living that mould the material. The problem of clothing construction caused by industrial revolution was solved by pursuing the functional aesthetics. Clothing phenomenon as a process of value transfer participates mass culture in closs relation to general change of various culture caused by industrial revolution. Therefore western clothing gained the qualities of modern culture, condensed as function, and popularity in the process of modernization.