• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of electroanalgeia and $\beta-endorphin$ action by acupuncture-like (Lof/Hil) transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to acupuncture points. Twelve healthy adult male aged between 19 ann 25 were randomly assigned to TENS group (n=6) and naloxone group (n=6). Subjects of both groups were strongly stimulated TENS with 4 pps and $200{\mu}s$ for 30 minutes on the LI 3 and LI 10 meridian points of dominant am. Naloxone group was injected naloxone hydrochloride before TENS application. The experimental pain threshold was measured by chronaxie meter CX-2 on the distal end of radius just before and after TENS application. The levels of plasma $\beta-endorphin$ and ACTH. serum cortisol and urinary 17-OHCS were analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits before and after TENS application. In TENS group, there was a significant increase of experimental pain threshold (p<0.01), plasma $\beta-endorphin$ level (p<0.05), serum cortisol level (p<0,001) and urinary 17-OHCS levels (p<0.05) after TENS application. The plasma ACTH level was not significantly increased, but it showed an increasing tendency. In naloxone group, although there was a decreasing trend, ACTH and cortisol level did not show a significant change, but $\beta-endorphin$ and 17-OHCS level were significantly decreased (p<0.01). The result of this study stewed that acupuncture-like TENS induced analgesic effect, such that the levels of plasma $\beta-endorphin$, plasma ACTH, serum cortisol and urinary 17-OHCS were concomitantly increased with experimental pain threshold. It is suggested that the analgesic mechanism of the acupuncture-like TENS probably related to endogenous opioid component such as $\beta-endorphin$.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1996

본 연구의 목적은 시험스트레스 및 vitamin B 복합제가 혈장 ACTH, cortisol 및 prolactin치에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 의과대학 2학년 학생들 중 시험 4주전, 시험 2주전 및 시험기간 세차례를 모두 완료한 21명을 대상으로 하였다. 상기 혈장 hormone치는 방사성 면역분석법에 의해 측정되었다. 그리고 스트레스지각 및 정신병리는 global assessment of recent stress(GARS)척도와 SCL-90R척도를 사용하여 평가되었다. 혈장 ACTH치는 시험 4주전에 비해 시험 2주전과 시험기간 중에 각각 유의하게 더 높게 나타났다. 그러나 세기간 중 혈장 cortisol과 prolactin치는 각각 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 한편 vitamin B투여 유무 간에는 혈장 ACTH, cortisol 및 prolactin치는 각각 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 시험 2주전에 경제적 문제와 관련된 스트레스지각 점수는 혈장 ACTH 및 prolactin치와 유의한 양상관성을 보였다. 시험 2주전에 적대감척도 점수는 혈장 ACTH치와 유의한 양상관성을, 편집증척도 점수는 혈장 ACTH치와 양상관성의 경향을, 시험기간 중 불안척도 점수는 혈장 cortisol치와 양상관성의 경향을 보였다. 시간경과는 물론 vitamin투여 유무에 따른 혈장 ACTH, cortisol 및 prolactin치의 변화량에 있어서도 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 시험스트레스에 대해서 cortisol이나 prolactin보다는 ACTH가 더 예민한 반응을 나타내고, 주관적 스트레스지각이나 시험전 적대감 및 편집증, 그리고 시험기간 중 불안과 같은 정신병리가 상기 hormone과 관련될 가능성이 높다. 그러나 vitamin B복합제는 스트레스에 의한 상기 hormone의 변화에 영향을 미치지 않음을 시사한다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2013

Our objectives in this experiment were to study the effects of oils that are high in contents of unsaturated fatty acids (olive, flaxseed, and perilla oils) and pyroligneous liquor on plasma lipid concentrations in mice. Male ICR-mouse (n=10 per group) were fed powdered form diets containing oil and pyroligneous liquor for 60 days. The cholesterol level of the PP group ($96.71{\pm}25.75$ $mg/d{\ell}$) was lower than that of the COW group ($133.56{\pm}21.53$ $mg/d{\ell}$). Levels of triglyceride of COP, CFP, and CPP groups were $121.10{\pm}50.79$ $mg/d{\ell}$, $77.80{\pm}38.58$ $mg/d{\ell}$, and $92.40{\pm}33.04$ $mg/d{\ell}$, respectively (p<0.05). The dietary addition of olive oil increased the plasma lsevels of cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. On the other hand, the dietary addition of flaxseed oil and pyroligneous liquor increased the plasma level of HDL-cholesterol and decreased the plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride compared with those of the control group. Further, the dietary addition of perilla oil decreased plasma triglyceride but increased HDL-cholesterol. The decrease in the cholesterol level was much higher in the CFP group. In conclusion, the dietary addition of long-term pyroligneous liquor effectively decreased the plasma levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and increased the plasma level of HDL-cholesterol. The additional dietary administration of flaxseed and perilla oils increased the effect of pyroligneous liquor.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.232-241
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• 1996

This study was designed to compare the effect of different dietary fats on plasma lipids, the degree of lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in RBC and liver rats treated with or wighout 1, 2-dimethylhydrazing (DMH). Male Sprague Dawley rats, at 7 weeks-old, were divided into control and DMH-treated grous, and each group was again subdivided into four were perilla oil (PO), blend fat (BF) containing ten different kinds of dietary oil, beef tallow (BT), corn oil (CO). At the same time, each rat was injected intramusculary with saline(for control) or DMH twice a week for 6 weeks to give total dose of 180 mg/kg body weight. Compared with BT feeding, BF reduced plasma total choesterol level and PO and Co reduced plasma TG levels (p<0.05). DMH injection decreased plasma cholesterol in all dietary groups. However, PO decreased tocopherol levels and increased TBARS levels in RBC compared to BT. The degree of hemolysis in PO group was higher than that of BT group (p<0.05 only in control group. Fatty acid composition of hepatic microsome was reflected by dietary fatty acid profile. The peroxidizability index and TBARS level in hepatic micorsome were significantly increased but tocopherol level was lowered in PO group compared to BT group. Activites of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in RBC and hepatic cytosol were not influenced y dietary fats and DMH treatment(p<0.05). Overall, perilla oil rich in $\omega$3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid could be a very important dietary source in reducing plasma lipids and blend fat was also good dietary oil mixture in reducing plasma cholesterol. However, the degree of lipid peroxidation was greater in tissue by perilla oil feeding and it is very difficult to use only perilla oil as oil source for meal preparation, so that it could be suggested to use more perilla oil and fish to give an equal effect of blend fat in order to reduce the risk factors against cardiovascular disease.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.697-701
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to fine proteins, which have significantly different level in plasma between Qi-deficiency and Fire-heat group of Korean Oriental Stroke pattern identification (PI) among Korean stroke patients. Eighteen stroke patients with Qi-deficiency and forty nine patients with Fire-heat, which had critical syndrome of each PI, were participated in this study. Plasma protein pattern were analyzed by SELDI-TOF MS using Q10 strong anion exchange chip and Mass spectral data (m/z) statistically determined. The expression level of proteins, which were different between Qi-deficiency and Fire-heat in the results by SELDI-TOF MS, were confirmed by western blot. As a result of analyzing plasma protein by SELDI-TOF MS, six protein peaks were significantly higher in Fire-heat group than Qi-deficiency group. Two peaks among of them, M15003 and M15745, were respectively identified as hemoglobin alpha and beta in previous study. Expression level of plasma free hemoglobin of Fire-heat group was also confirmed higher in Fire-heat group than in Qi-deficiency group. These findings suggest that plasma free hemoglobin is a candidate for discriminating Qi-deficiency and Fire-heat group according to pattern identification (PI) of stroke.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.710-721
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the hematological characteristics and risk factors of hypercholesterolemia(HC) in Korean. 344 adult men who took the annual health check ups at D or J hospitals were participated in this cross sectional study. The subjects were grouped by plasma total cholesterol level into three groups: normal cholesterolemic(n=139), borderline hypercholesterolemic (n=93) and hypercholesterolemic(n=112) groups. The data of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), hemoglobin, plasma glucose, albumin and cholesterol levels were collected from medical records. The levels of plasma triglyceride(TG), HDL C, phospholipid, insulin, apo A and apo B were measured. The levels of plasma LDL C, VLDL C and atherogenic index(AI) were calculated. The subjects with HC had significantly higher SBP and DBP, albumin, TG, phospholipid, HDL C, LDL C, VLDL C and apo B level than those of the normal subjects. The relative and attributable risks on HC were 1.59 and 0.18 for hypertension(SBP/DBP$\geq$160/95), 2.08 and 0.35 for hypertriglyceridemia (TG $\geq$400mg/dl). Plasma total cholesterol level was positively correlated with several hematologic parameters: age(r=0.1242, p<0.05), DBP(r=0.1194, p<0.05), albumin(r=0.2029, p<0.001), plasma TG(r= 0.3829, p<0.001), phospholipid(r=0.6036, p<0.001), LDL C(r=0.8572, p<0.001), HDL C(r=0.2399, p< 0.001), AI(r=0.3116, p<0.001), apo B(r=0.2602, p<0.05) and Lp(a)(r=0.1372, p<0.05). However, plasma total cholesterol level was negatively correlated with the levels of Apo A1(r= 0.2922, p<0.001), and ABR(r= 0.3598, p<0.001).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of vitamin B6 in 16 pregnant-infant pairs and 15 nonpregnant women and to investigate the relationships between vitamin B6 status of maternal-umbilical cord plasma and pregnancy outcomes. dietary intake was obtained from semiquantitative frequency questionnaire. The daily mean energy and protein intakes were higher than the recommended dietary allowance, while daily vitamin B6 was only 74% of RDA in pregnant and 73% of RDA in nonpregnant women. The main sources of vitamin B6 were vegetables and fruits in pregnant women, while cereal and starch in nonpregnant women. The plasma PLP and PL levels of pregnant women were 14.85nmol/l and 20.56nmol/l, significantly lower than those of nonpregnant women. the PLP/PL ratios of pregnant and nonpregnant women were 1.65 and 0.33, indicating that the levels of vitamin B6 was altered during pregnancy. The PLP and PL levels of umbilical cord plasma were 63.55nmol/l and 32.25nmol/l, respectively. The vitamin B6 levels of umbilical cord plasma were significantly higher than that of maternal plasm. This finding indicates that the uptake of vitamin B6 in the fetus may be due to an active placental transport mechanism. The PLP level of maternal plasma correlated positively with that of umbilical cord plasma, showing the PLP concentration of umbilical cord plasma is affected by maternal vitamin B6 status. The maternal plasma PL level showed a positive correlation to infant birth weight. The positive association has bee also found between plasma PL level of umbilical cord and Apgar 1 min score.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3063-3066
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• 2013

Objective: To test the microRNA-181c (miR-181c) expression in tissues and plasma of gastric cancer (GC) cases, analyze any correlations, and explore the possibility of miR-181c as a potential molecular marker for GC diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Relative miR-181c expression levels in cancers and plasma from 30 GC patients was tested using reverse transcription-real-time fluorescent quantitation PCR and compared to that in samples from 30 gastric ulcer and 30 chronic gastritis patients. Results: The miR-181c expression level in the GC tissues was significantly higher than that in the gastric ulcer and chronic gastritis tissues (P = 0.000), as was the miR-181c expression level in the GC plasma (P = 0.000). We determined that miR-181c expression in GC plasma was positively correlated to its expression in the GC tissues (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The expression of miR-181c is upregulated in GC tissues and plasma, and the miR-181c expression level in GC plasma is positively correlated to that in the corresponding cancer tissues. Plasma miR-181c is possibly a new serological marker for GC diagnosis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.850-857
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• 2001

The study was designed to observe whether the conjugated linoleic acid supplemented to diet could reduce plasma levels of glucose and lipids which were increased in 27-weeks old Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty(OLETF) rats. Twenty male OLETF rats of 7 weeks old were fed an experimental diet containing 4.5%(w/w) total fat including 1% CLA and six of twenty rats were sacrified at 6 weeks feeding. The rest of OLETF rats was divided into 2 groups, one group was continuously fed for 14 weeks more the same experimental diet containing 1% CLA and the other group was fed control diet which eliminated CLA. CLA did not significantly reduce food intake and body weight gain in OLETF obese rats. Plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol level were significantly increased at older age of OLETF obese rats, but CLA could significantly reduce plasma cholesterol and triglyceride increased in obese rats. However, CLA was not strong enough to reduce the increased plasma glucose level and hepatic lipogenic enzyme acitivies. CLA was mostly deposited in epididymal fat pad and could be incorporated into hepatic microsomal membrane and did interfere the conversion of C18 : 0 into C18 : 1 in liver. In conclusion, CLA could have anti-atherogenic effect by reducing plasma cholesterol and triglyceride which was increased in genetically obese rats, but CLA(1%) was not good source of dietary fatty acid to reduce body fatness and plasma glucose which was increased by obese gene in older rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.653-658
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• 2000

To examine the effects of lipoic acid on metabolic response to a ${\beta}$-agonist, isoproterenol, in broilers, chicks were fed dietary lipoic acid at levels of 0 (control) or 50 mg/kg for 24 d. At 27 d of age, chickens were randomly selected. Isoproterenol dissolved in 0.9% saline was injected into the wing vein at a dosage of 2 mg per kg BW; then, blood samples were taken at 0, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min. Amounts of plasma glucose, NEFA, triglyceride and total cholesterol were determined. Dietary lipoic acid reduced only plasma total cholesterol by 25%. Following isoproterenol injection, plasma glucose in both groups increased for 20 min; then, it returned to its basal concentration. In contrast, the maximal reductions in plasma NEFA and triglyceride in both groups (20 to 30 min) were confirmed by isoproterenol injection. In addition, while glucose returned to the basal level, plasma NEFA in the lipoic acid-treated chickens increased above the basal or control value during the 60 to 180 min post-injection. The present study suggests that the dietary administration of lipoic acid elicits fatty acid mobilization in ${\beta}$-adrenergic response to isoproterenol when the basal level of plasma glucose is maintained.