• Journal of Life Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 1997

In this experiment, gene actions were analysized for seven barley parents in order to obtain basic information on their genetic improvement by diallel crosses. The results obtained were summarized as follows. In analysis of variance, additive, dominant, maternal and reciprocal effects were observed significantly for culm length, tiller number, number of spiked per plant, culm diameter, awn length, leaf width, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight. Over-dominance was shown by Vr-Wr graphic analysis in five characters such as tiller number, number of spikes per plant, length of flag leaf, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight, and partial dominance in four characters such as culm length, culm diameter, awn length, and leaf width. Component of genetic varience analyzed for four characters such as culm diameter, awn length, length of flag leaf, and leaf width showed that additive effects were higher than dominant effects. Culm length, tiller number, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight showed dominant effects higher than additive effects. The narrow-sense heritability for awn length, leaf width, and number of grains per spike showed high values as more than 0.62, while broad-sense heritability for culm length, number of spikes per plant, culm diameter, awn length, leaf width, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight showed high values as more than 0.65.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.397-400
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• 2006

The objectives of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of seeding and transplanting date on yield and quality of rapeseed experiment were conducted in the research field of Chungcheongnam Do(Taejun) Agricultural Research and Extension Services with Yudal, one of the rapeseed cultivar of different growth characteristics among the six treatments were examined and recorded. Results showed that yield components such as plant height, length of ear and pod, number of branches and pods and percentage of pod setting and seed set were highest at the plot with direct seeding in Sep. 10. In this treatment yield of seed, 1,000 grains weight and weight of $1{\ell}$ were highest. On the basis of vegetative and yield parameter of direct seeding in Sep. 10 was the best sowing date of rapeseed crop in Chungcheongnam Do region of Korea. Experiments were conducted in the research field of Chungcheongnam Do(Taejun) Agricultural Research and Extension Services with Yudal variety, which showed different growth characteristics. Yield components such as plant height, length of ear and pod, number of branches and pods and percentage of pod setting and seed set were highest at the plot with direct seeding in Sep. 10. Yield of seed, 1,000 grains weight and weight of $1{\ell}$ were highest at the direct seeding in Sep. 10. Judging from the results reported above, seemed to be direct seeding in Sep. 10.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.291-302
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of plant growth regulator "Uniconazole-P" on the control of growth and seed producrtion of pasture plants under grown in sward conditions. Four species examined were orchard grass, timothy, red clover and alfalfa. Uniconazole-P concentrations were control(0), 20ppm and 40ppm, and foliar sprayed on canopy structures at the floral differentiation stages of grasses and at the begining of flowering stages of legumes, respectively. 1. Yield components and seed yield components of grasses and legumes were responded differently between Uniconazole-P concentrations, species and the stages of growth. 2. At early heading stages, the plant length and culm length of grasses were reduced by Uniconazole-P treatments. On the contrary, the dry weight of ears per area and chlorophyll concentrations were increased by Uniconazole-P treatments. 3. At seed ripening stages, the number of ears, dry weight of a tiller, dry weight of a ear, dry weight of ears per area and dry weight of seeds in orchardgrass, and the number of ears, dry weight of a ear, dry weight of ears per area, dry weight of seeds and harvest index in timothy were increased by Uniconazole-P treatments. 4. At early flowering stages, the plant length and total length of internodes were reduced by Uniconazole-P treatments. On the contrary, total length of branches and chlorophyll concentrations of red clover and alfalfa were increased by Uniconazole-P treatments. Particularly, the number of inflorescences and dry weight of inflorescences of red clover was increased greatly by Uniconazole-P treatments. 5. At seed ripening stages, the plant length of both of legumes were reduced by Uniconazole-P treatments. On the contrary, the dry weight of a inflorescence, dry weight of inflorescences per area, dry weight of seeds and harvest index of alfalfa was increased by Uniconazole-P treatments. 6. Seed production of grasses by Uniconazole-P treatments can be explained as following processes at each stage of growth. 1) reduced in plant length and culm lengths at early heading stages, 2) increased in number of ears and dry weight of a ear at both of stages, and 3) increased in dry weight of ears per area, dry weight of seeds and harvest index at seed ripening stages. 7. Seed production of legumes by Uniconazole-P treatments can be explained as following processes at each stage of growth. 1) reduced in plant length and total length of internodes and increased in number of branches and total length of branches at early flowering stages, 2) increased in number of inflorescences and dry weight of inflorescences at both of stages, and 3) increased in dry weight of seeds and harvest index at seed ripening stages.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.338-338
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• 2017

One of the problems in increasing rice production is getting lines or varieties that have high adaptability so that able to produce maximum production in a variety of environmental conditions. One strategy that can be done to get adaptive varieties is through the improvement of native varieties. This research was conducted in rain fed paddy field, Aceh province, Indonesia from June to September 2014. The texture of the soil was clay-loam with the soil pH ranged from 6.5-6.7. Five potential progenies of rice from crossing between native Indonesian rice with introduced rice varieties consist of C3, C4, S3, S5, S6 were used in this study. Besides that, one national rice variety Ciherang also used as a comparison. The plants were growth in the plot with the size of $2m{\times}1.4m$ with plant distance was $20cm{\times}20cm$. The fertilizers used in this study were Urea, NPK, and KCl. Randomized block design with 6 rice progenies/variety and 3 replications were used in this study. There were 18 experimental units and each experimental unit had 10 samples for the sources of data. The variables that were observed in this study including plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tiller, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per hectare. Analyzed were also conducted for the depth of root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio and its correlation with the weight of filled grain per hill. The research results show that there was significant difference on plant height at harvesting time, number of productive tillers, the percentage of empty grains and filled grain per panicle, weight of filled grains per hill, weight of filled grain per plot and yield potential per ha (p>0.01) among the treatments. In addition, depth root penetration, dry-root weight, dry-shoot weight, shoot-root weight ratio also had significant difference (p>0.01) among the treatment. The highest plant at harvesting time was found in S6, reaching 129.8 cm and the shortest plants was found in C3 reaching 107.5 cm. The largest number of productive tillers and the highest percentage of filled grains per panicle were found in Ciherang reaching 10.5 tillers and 80.7% respectively. Ciherang also had the heaviest weight of filled grains per hill and per plot reaching 21.1 g and 2.18 kg respectively. Whereas, S6 had the lowest number of tillers and the lowest percentage of filled grain per panicle.. The highest yield potential per ha was found in Ciherang reaching 7.79 tons. Among the progenies, S5 had the highest yield potential reaching 5 tons/Ha. The result also showed significant relationship between shoot-root weight ratio with weight of filled grains per hill. The highest value of shoot-root weight ratio (1.57) in Ciherang is thought had closed relationship with its yield potential.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.13
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• pp.77-81
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• 1973

The experiment was carried out to make clear the root characters and relationships among some quantitative characters of soybeans. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Stem diameter was shown the greater growing in thickness after one month from sowing than the earlier stage, and the greater growing was shown in fertile bed soil than in sand soil. 2. The elongation of plant top in soybean plant was also shown the greater rate in bed soil than in sand soil 3. The length of plant root was longer than the length of plant top in the earlier stage of growing, and the length of root was much greater in sand soil than in fertile bed soil. 4. Weight of plant top was shown more in bed soil than in sand soil, but this tendency was shown more greater rate in the length of plant top than in weight of plant top. 5. Weight of root was more compared with weight of plant top in the earlier stage of growth, and also more greater rate was shown in sand soil than in fertile bed soil. 6. Highly significant correlations were shown among five quantitative characters, namely stem diameter, length of top, weight of top, length of root and weight of root, etc.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.2 s.69
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• pp.211-214
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• 2005

The studies were conducted to obtain basic informations on inheritance of some quantitative characters in kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Seven parents (Felibon, Renka, Processor, Kaboom, $BO_{22}$, Local variety $\#1$ and Local variety $\#2)$ and $F_1$ hybrids of 21 crosses from a set of diallel cross among varieties were used to estimate combining ability for eight agronomic characters such as days to flowering, days to maturity, stem length, pod numbers per plant, pod length, grain numbers per plant, 100-grain weight and grain weight per plant. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significantly different among all characters, and values of GCA were greater than those of SCA in all characters except number of grains per plant. In effect of GCA, Felibon expressed high GCA effect for days to flowering and number of grains per plant. Local variety $\#1$ showed high GCA effect for 100-grain weight and stem length. Local variety $\#2$appeared to high GCA effect for 100-grain weight and grain weight per plant. Processor expressed high GCA effect for days to maturity and grain weight per plant. Kaboom showed high GCA effect days to flowering and days to maturity. $BO_{22}$ appeared high GCA effect for all characters except for days to flowering, days to maturity and stem length. In the SCA effect, crosses of Felibonx Renka and Local variety $\#2{\times}Processor$ exhibited in high negative effect for days to flowering. Thus, these crosses were evaluated to useful for breeding early maturing variety. Crosses of breeding high yield variety were considered of $Felibon{\times}Local$ variety $\#1$, $Felibon{\times}Renka$ and Local variety $\#2{\times}BO_{22}$.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 1993

This experiments were carries out to estimate the optimum final cutting date in autumn and the selection of highly adaptable varieties in mountainous pastures of Taekwalyong area. The evaluations were based on the data of varietal differences of dry weight of lant(DW) and yield components of the 1st cutting as affected by various final cutting dates of last autumn. Nine varieties of fall fescue Barvetia, Fuego, Demeter, Safe Barcel Forager, Johnstone, Enforcer and Stef, were used and 4 final cutting date of autumn were $C_1$, cut on 30 Sept. $C_2$, on 14 Oct. $C_3$, on 28 Oct. and $C_4$ on 11 Nov.. respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Between the dry weight of plant(DM) and yield components of 1st cutting were different by various final cutting dates of autumn. The dry weight of plant(DW) was significantly positive correlated with heading characteristics of the 1st cutting in earlier cuttings$(C_1-C_3)$ of autumn, but there was not significant correlated with heading characteristics of the 1st cutting in the latest cutting$(C_4)$ of autumn. 2. The variety of Forager with heavier weight of heading tiller(HTW) and dry weight of tiller(WT) showed the highest dry weight plant(DW) of the 1st cutting in earlier cuttings$(C_1-C_3)$ of autumn, whereas the variety of Barcel with high number of tillers per plant(NT) showed a high dry weight of plant(DW) of the 1st cutting in the latest cutting$(C_4)$ of autumn. 3. Optimum final cutting date and critical period of mountainous pastures in Taekwalyong area were estimated in late September$(C_1)$ and middle October$(C_2)$, sespectirety. 4. The dry weight of plant(DW) of the 1st cutting was significantly negative correlated with final cutting dates in growth period of autumn.

• Plant Resources
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.206-210
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• 2000

A total of 20 soybean recommended varieties which were developed until late 1980's in Korea was evaluated at Suwon. Comprehensive evaluation and correlation analysis were conducted on the agronomic characters. Great variations were found in these genotypes for branch number, pod number, and grain yield per plant. The variation in number of pods/plant ranged from 53 to 164, and in grain yield from 25.9 to 68.8 g. The coefficient of variation for most of the characters had a wide range. In correlation coefficient, grain yield per plant showed a positive phenotypic association with weight of pods, pod number of branches, and weight of stem. Multiple regression analysis was done to formulate selection criteria. It indicated that stout and medium-stature genotypes with more branches, resulting in varieties with more pods per plant but with medium-size seeds are available to obtain high-yielding varieties.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2007

Distributions of physiological inhibitors of a tau-type pumpkin glutathione S-transferase(CmGSTU3) have been investigated in different organs of pumpkin plants, including the onion bulb and water hyacinth root. Inhibitory effects were observed in alcoholic extracts of all plant parts, but the extracts prepared from the roots of either water hyacinth or pumpkin plant showed the highest effect on CmGSTU3 toward 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene(CDNB). Results of various chromatographies indicated that a number of inhibitory substances were present in the alcoholic extract of each plant organ. Some macromolecules in the plant extracts exhibited inhibitory effects; however, the extracts might contain a large number of unknown low-molecular-weight inhibitory substances. Some of the low-molecular-weight inhibitors in water hyacinth root extract showed characteristics fluoresce under UV light.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 1987

This experiment was conducted to obtain basic information on breeding of flue-cured tabacco varieties . Nine cultivars and partial diallel set of 36 Fl hybrids were grown at Daegu Experiment Station, Korea Ginseng & Tobacco Research Institute in 1983. Partial dominance with high additive gene effect was observed for yield, leaves per plant , days to flower, leaf weight, nicotine and reducing sugar content. partial dominance with additive and dominant gene effect was observed for stalk height , leaf width midrib weight Overdominance with high dominant gene effect was observed for leaf length and midrib width. The directions of dominance were positive for yield, stalk height, leaf weight, leaf length, leaf width, midrib weight, midrib width and reducing sugar content, and the negative was days to flower. The estimates of effective genes were 1 for leaves per plant, 2 for stalk height, days to flower and leaf shape. 3 to 6 for leaf length, leaf width, leaf weight and midrib weight.