• Mycobiology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.423-434
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• 2015

The study was conducted to compare the effects of different agro-wastes on the growth, yield, and nutritional composition of oyster mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus (PO) and Pleurotus cystidiosus (PC). Seven substrate formulas including sawdust (SD), corncob (CC), sugarcane bagasse (SB) alone and in combination of 80 : 20, 50 : 50 ratio between SD and CC, SD and SB were investigated. The results indicated that different substrate formulas gave a significant difference in total colonization period, characteristics of fruiting bodies, yield, biological efficiency (BE), nutritional composition and mineral contents of two oyster mushrooms PO and PC. The results showed that increasing CC and SB reduced C/N ratio, and enhanced some mineral contents (Ca, P, and Mg) of substrate formulas. The increased amount of CC and SB of substrate formulas enhanced protein, ash, mineral contents (Ca, K, Mg, Mn, and Zn) of fruiting bodies of both mushrooms. Substrates with 100% CC and 100% SB were the most suitable substrate formulas for cultivation of oyster mushrooms PO and PC in which they gave the highest values of cap diameter, stipe thickness, mushroom weight, yield, BE, protein, fiber, ash, mineral content (Ca, K, and Mg) and short stipe length. However, substrate formula 100% CC gave the slowest time for the first harvest of both mushrooms PO and PC (46.02 days and 64.24 days, respectively). It is also found that the C/N ratio of substrate formulas has close correlation with total colonization period, mushroom weight, yield, BE and protein content of mushroom PO and PC.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 1980

The distribution pattern of mineral nutrients, among various Parts of Korea ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) was investigated to understand ginseng nutrition by simple correlation analysis. Five·year old ginseng plants grown under four different nutritional environments were sampled and separated into leaf, petiole, stem, rhizome, cortex and epidermis of tap foot, central part of tap root, cortex and epidermis of lateral root, central part of lateral root, fine root in the middle of truly, for chemical analysis. Between mineral nutrients in root, N and P showed highly significant positive correlation each other and with Mg and Cu while all other elements (K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B) showed highly significant positive correlation each other. In shoot, number of mineral nutrient pairs haying significant relation was much less than in root. (Negative: P with Ca or B, K with N, Fe, Mn or Cu, Positive: N with Mg, Fe, Mn or Cu, K with Zn, Ca with Mg, Zn, or B, Fe Mn Cu each other, Mn with B.) The number of pairs having significant correlation in whole plant was approximately the same as the number in root but three of them showed significant negative correlation. The distribution pattern similarity of mineral contents among various parts was also discussed in relation to physiological significance in Korea ginseng plant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.7
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• pp.544-552
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• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the correlation among bone mineral density (BMD), hair and nail calcium and magnesium contents, and nutrient intakes in preschool children in Chungnam district. A total of 111 preschool children (61 boys, 50 girls) measured the anthropometric characteristics, the bone mineral density of carpus using DEXA and hair and nail calcium and magnesium contents were analyzed by ICP spectrometer. The average ages of the study subjects were 55.7 months in boys and 53.0 months in girls (3.8${\~}$7 years). The birth height and weight of subjects were 51.0 cm and 3.3 kg in boys and 50.3cm and 3.2kg in girls, respectively. The average height, weight, $\%$ body fat, and obesity index were 111.6 cm, 19.6 kg, $15.0\%,\;96.1\%$ in boys and 108.6 cm, 18.5 kg, $17.5\%,\;98.1\%$ in girls, respectively. The bone mineral density in carpus was $0.25 g/cm^2$ in boys and $0.24 g/cm^2$ in girls. The hair calcium and magnesium contents were 440.9 ppm, 16.4 ppm in boys and 373.2 ppm, 28.9 ppm in girls. The nail calcium and magnesium contents were 9.4 ppm, 2.1 ppm in boys and 10.4 ppm, 2.4 ppm in girls. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A. niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The ultradis and average carpus BMD were positively correlated to the plant calcium intake (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). And the ultradis, distal, and average carpus BMD were positively correlated to the plant iron intake (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.05). The average bone mineral density in the carpus was positively correlated to the nail magnesium content (p < 0.05). Therefore, more systematic studies to investigate the roles of iron and calcium intakes, nail magnesium content in bone development of preschool children were required.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.109-113
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• 1999

The objective of this research was to develop growth media for artificial ground by blending calcined clay and coconut peat. To achieve this, aggregates of clay particles were mixed with disel oil and heated to high temperature(1150~120$0^{\circ}C$) to expand clays. The particle sizes of expanded clay were controlled to 2~5mm in diameter. Then expanded clayes were mixed with coconut peat and changes of soil physicochemical properties and their effect on plant growth of Hedera L. were determined. The infiltration rate of calcined clay was very high, but the water holding capacity, the cation exchange capacity(CEC), and the nutrient contents were low. The characteritics of coconut peat was vice verse to calcined clay. This indicates that the mixture of calcined clay and coconut peat have the better characteristics than each material. As compared to mineral soil, the infiltration rate, the water holding capacity, the CEC and the nutrient contents increased, but bulk density decreased to about 1/4. And, Hedera L. grown in the mixture of calcined clay and coconut peat(6:4, v/v) had higher plant height, longer leaf length, more total number of leaves per plant and fresh weight than that grown in mineral soil, but statistical differences were not observed between two treatments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.52-62
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• 2010

This study was carried out in the Tropical Plant Resources Research Center of Korea National Arboretum to determine the optimum edaphic environment for the growth of tropical and subtropical plants. The physicochemical properties of artificial substrates and the growth characteristics of tropical and subtropical plants were investigated. Subtropical plants exhibited a high growth rate when cultivated in a substrate of Dry Zone that had physical properties similar to those of arid native soil. Mediterranean plants showed a low growth rate when grown in a substrate of Subtropical Zone that required changes in acidity. The substrate of Tropical Zone had high organic matter and mineral contents and therefore had good physical properties:this substrate has a good environment for the stimulation of the growth of tropical plants. Our results indicate that the chemical properties such as pH and mineral contents of most artificial substrates need to be more urgently improved than their physical properties in order to ensure better growth of tropical and subtropical plants. Initial management strategies for the construction of new tropical greenhouses were formulated, and data from monitoring studies will be continuously gathered and incorporated in the manual to keep it updated.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.128-134
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• 2002

Content of crude protein in both pileus and stalk increased progresively as growth period became longer and then decreased at old stage. Contents of ash and reducing sugars followed the same trend as that of the crude protein. However, content of crude lipid decreased as growth progressed more. Seventeen kinds of amino acid were detected in Lentinula. Content of total amino acid increased as mushroom grew more, but decreased after old stage. The amino acid such as Glu, His, Gly and Ala were contained with relatively large amount in Lentinula. Content of free amino acid showed the similar trends as that of total amino acid. Contents of most of the mineral increased as growth period progressed, but K content decreased as growth period became longer. Contents of K and P were much higher than contents of other mineral. The major fatty acid contained in Lentinula were linoleicacid, palmitic acid and oleic acid. The large amount of volatile component in Lentinula was 1-octen-3-ol, so that this material was speculated to be major source of perfume. Other perfumic materials such ethyl acetate, 3-octanone, ethanol, (E)-2-octenal, 4-octen-3-one, acetaldehyde, ethyl formate were also contained in Lentinula, especially in pilous.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2007

This study was conducted to clarify the effects of the different substrates in terms of perlite (100%), peat moss (100%), granular rock wool (100%) and mixing perlite (50%) with peat moss (50%) on the growth responses and mineral contents of hydroponically grown Plantago asiatic in aggregate culture. Overall early plant growth such as plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root were increased in the order of that miked perlite and peat moss (50%:50%, v/v)>peat moss (100%)>granular rock wool (100%)>perlite (100%). Ca and Mg contents in plants became highest in the plants grown in the peat moss, however, Mg and Na in the granular rock wool. $P_2O_5$ content in plants were most increased in proportion to the plant growth increment in the peat moss (100%) and the mixing substrates of perlite and peat moss (50:50, v/v).

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.2_3
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• pp.129-135
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• 1993

Surface soils and aerial parts of Korean lawn(Zoysia koreana) at normal fair way of 4 golf courses and yellow discolored fairway of one golf course in Kyonggi province were taken at and analyzed for mineral contents in soil Mg and Ca were most deficient while EC was too high and phosphorus was exess. There were significant positive correlation between pH and Ca and between EC and total N. There was no consistent simple correlation between single component in soil and plant, indicating the involvement of multi-minerals in one mineral absorption. m mineral contents of aerial part Mg was severely low. potassium moderately but Ca was normal, Mg and Ca showed significant correlation in aerial part, yellow-discolored lawn showed the lowest content of Mg in aerial part and surface soil. Very high N and high phosphorus in aerial part inspite of low P in soil. The above facts indicates Mg deficiency in fair way soils in most golf courses resulting in yellow-discoloration in lawn.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.406-413
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• 2015

Background : This study was carried out to investigate the changes to fatty acid, mineral, and ginsenosides contents in ginseng seed when they were stratified for different length of time and to determine whether variety had any effects on the changes. The aim was to improve the ginseng seed stratification process. Methods and Results : The ginseng varieties used were Geumpoong, Chunpoong, Yunpoong, and K-1. Stratifying periods treated on ginseng seed were 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 days. The main fatty acids of ginseng seed were oleic acid (C18 : 1, n9c) with a content of 78.40 - 79.20% followed by linoleic acid (C18 : 2, n6c). The main mineral in the seeds was potassium (K), at 1208.2 -1337.6 mg/100 g. The main ginsenosides in ginseng seed were ginsenoside Re and Rb1. Increasing the length of the stratification periods led to increases in oleic acid content (60 - 80 days), however after this the content declined. In contrast, linoleic acid content fell as the stratification period increased. K, P, Mg, Ca and Na content rose as the stratification period increased. The ginsenoside Re content of Chunpoong and K-1 cultivar seeds also rose as the stratification period increased which meant that total ginsenoside content increased. However, ginsenoside Re content rose in Geumpoong and Yunpoong seeds, but total ginsenoside content decreased as the stratification period increased. Conclusions : Some beneficial compound in ginseng seed rose as the stratification period increased. Therefore, ginseng seed stratification could improve the food value of ginseng.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 1971

In order to observe the absorption pattern of mineral elements and the nutritional components of brown rice grown in reclaimed saline areas in Korea, the four commercial varieties of rice were cultured at the average salt concentration of 6.05 mmhos/cm, $25^{\circ}C$, (0.3%) in saline soils and non-saline silty loam soils. In the saline areas the absorptin of Na and Si was relatively high while the absorption of P, K and Ca was relatively low. N was absorbed actively before the emergence of the rice grains but showed relative decrease thereafter. There was no difference in Mg content. Though brown rice in the saline areas contained sugar abundantly with small contents of protein, fat and crude fiber. There was little difference in total carbollydrate and ash contonts.