• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.429-437
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• 2006

화학세정폐수에 함유되어 있는 citric acid의 효율적인 처리방안을 수립하기 위해 $UV/H_2O_2,\;UV/TiO_2/H_2O_2$, Photo-Fenton 산화방법을 이용하여 각각 citric acid의 제거효율 및 그에 따른 전력소비량을 평가하였다. 그 결과 조사된 최적 처리조건에서 $UV/H_2O_2,\;UV/TiO_2/H_2O_2$, Photo-Fenton 산화방법을 이용한 citric acid 농도에 근거한 TOC 제거효율은 각각 95.5%, 92.3%, 91.5%로 조사되었으며, 그에 따른 전력소비량은 $11.26kWh/m^3,\;3.85kWh/m^3,\;0.799kWh/m^3$으로 조사되었다. 이 결과에 의하면 세가지 광화학적 산화방법 모두 유기물질이 90% 이상 제거되어 citric acid의 분해에 효과적인 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 Photo-Fenton 산화방법이 다른 방법에 비해 처리에 소요되는 반응시간이 짧은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 광화학적 산화방법의 운영비를 결정짓는데 중요한 요소인 전력소모량 측면에서도 Photo-Fenton 산화방법이 다른 방법에 비해 우수한 것으로 조사되어 본 연구에서 비교하는 세가지 방법 중 citric acid 처리에는 Photo-Fenton 방법이 효율적인면과 경제성면에서 가장 적합한 처리기술로 결론지을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2008

The agronomic traits, such as days to flowering and maturity, plant height, 100-seed weight and seed filling period, are quantitatively inherited and important characters in soybean(Glycine max L. Merr.). A total of 126 $F_5$ recombinant inbred lines(RILs) developed from the cross of PI 171451$\times$Hwaeomputkong were used to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs) for days to flowering(FD), days to maturity(MD), plant height(PH), 100-seed weight(SW), number of branches(NB) and seed filling period(FP). A total of 136 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers segregated in a RIL population were distributed over 20 linkage groups(LGs), covering 1073.9 cM of the soybean genome with the average distance between adjacent markers of 7.9 cM. Five independent QTLs were identified for FD, three for MD, two for PH, three for SW, one for NB and one for FP. Of these, three QTLs were related to more than two traits of FD, MD, PH, NB and FP and mapped near the same positions on LGs H and O. Thus, these traits could be correlated with biologically controlled major QTLs in this soybean RIL population.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.255-262
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• 2004

The inhibitory effect of the aerial parts of Fagopyrum esculentum on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical was examined. The n-butanol fraction from the methanol extract of title plant showed stronger inhibitory effect than other fractions on DPPH radical. Two flavonoids were isolated from n-butanol fraction having the potent activity and elucidated as quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside on the basis of spectral evidence. The $IC_{50}$ values of these compounds on DPPH radical were 6.56 ${\mu}M$ and 8.37 ${\mu}M$, respectively.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.461-468
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• 2000

인삼 (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)의 뿌리로부터 유도 인삼모상근을 이용한 무기이온 흡수과정의 상승 및 길항작용에서 phosphorus (P $O_{4}$$^{-}$)와 nitrogen source (N $H_{4}$$^{+}$, N $O_{3}$$^{-}$)의 증가는 조직 내에 $Mg^{2+}$ 및 F $e^{2+}$ 의 흡수를 증가시키는 원인으로 확인되었다 특히, ammonium의 농도를 4배 높일 경우 F $e^{2+}$의 흡수는 13 mg/L, C $u^{2+}$의 흡수는 0.32mg/L이 증가하여 각각 47.5%와 123.1%로 현저한 이온흡수의 상승효과를 초래하였다. 이러한 결과는 인삼포장에서 인산과 질소원의 과도한 시비는 생장을 다소 증가시키고 뿌리의 철이온과 2가 무기이온 흡수도 증가시킴을 알 수 있다 유리당의 함량은 유리당의 종류에 따라 인산과 질소원의 최적 농도가 다르게 나타났다. 반면에 ginsenoside함량은 인산과 질소원 모두 가장 낮은 농도에서 가장 높았다. 인산의 경우에는 1/2 MS배지의 농도 (0.62 mM)보다 낮은 0.31 mM에서 R $b_2$는 44.7%, Rc는 29.9%가 높았다. Ammonium은 1/2 MS 배지 (10.30 mM)보다 낮은 5.15 mM에서 R $b_2$와 Rc를 각각 21.7%와 31.9% 그리고 nitrate 역시 1/2 MS배지 (9.4mM)보다 낮은 4.70 mM 에서 각각 17.6%와 25.5%의 뚜렷한 함량증가를 나타냈다. 질소원에 따른 ginsenoside 함량 증가에서는 N $H_{4}$$^{+}$가 N $O_{3}$$^{-}$보다 다소 효과적이었다. 따라서 인삼모상근의 ginsenoside생산을 높이기 위해서는 인산과 질소원의 농도를 조절한 새로운 배지가 적합한 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2002

An efficient low-input system (LIS) for fertiliser use in rice cultivation is necessary to reduce fossil energy use and pollution. Japanese people like Japonica rice, especially cv. Koshihikari. However, it has very low lodging resistance in Japanese weather condition. Our objective was to develop a LIS with the minimum sacrifice of grain yield in rice. Koshihikari was grown using conventional fertilization as a control (CON) with 4 g N $m^{-2}$., 8g $P_2$ $O_{5}$ $m^{-2}$ and 8 g $K_2$O $m^{-2}$ as a basal fertilizer dressing. It was compared with a low fertilizer treatment (LF) with only 4 g $P_2$ $O_{5}$ $m^{-2}$ as a basal dressing in the first year and no basal phosphorus fertilizer in the second year. Chopped rice straw was incorporated into the soil before the cropping season in both years. Fertilizer of 4 g N $m^{-2}$ was top-dressed at 15 days before heading in CON plots and 30 days before heading in LF plots in both years. Lodging was significantly less in LF than in CON plots, however, no rice straw effect was found in low fertilized condition. Grain yields in LF plots were reduced by 15-16% below those of CON plots. Lower yields in LF plots were associated with a reduced number of spikelets per unit area. However, big spikelet size was acquired in LF by 10 days earlier N top dressing than CON plots. A close relationship was found between spikelet numbers and N content of the plant at heading, and between grain yield or shoot dry weight and N content of the plant at maturity. Regardless of the fertilizer application methods, N use efficiency for the number of spikelets, final total dry matter and grain yield was essentially identical among fertilizer treatments. The reduced growth and yield in the LF plots resulted from low absorption of nitrogen. Conclusively, LIS can drastically reduce chemical fertilizer use and facilitate harvest operations by reducing lodging with some yield reduction..

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2011

Arabidopsis mutants with T-DNA insertion in seven calmodulin genes (CAM) were used to determine the specific role of CAM in the tolerance of plants to oxidative stress induced by paraquat and hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) treatments. Arabidopsis calmodulin mutants (cam) were screened for seedling growth, seed germination, induced oxidative damage, and levels of ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt metabolites. Only the cam5-4 and cam6-1 mutants exhibited an increased sensitivity to paraquat and $H_2O_2$ during seed germination and seedling growth. In response to treatments with $3{\mu}M$ paraquat and 1 mM $H_2O_2$, only the cam5-4, cam6-1 mutants showed significant changes in malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in root and shoot tissues, with highly increased levels of MDA. In terms of the GABA shunt metabolites, GABA was significantly elevated in root and shoot tissues in response to the paraquat treatments in comparison to alanine and glutamate, while the levels of all shunt metabolites increased in root tissue but not in the shoot tissue following the $H_2O_2$ treatments. GABA, alanine and glutamate levels were significantly increased in root and shoot of the cam1, cam4, cam5-4, and cam6-1 mutants in response to paraquat (0.5, 1 and $3{\mu}M$), while they were increased only in the root tissue of the cam1, cam4, cam5-4, and cam6-1 mutants in response to $H_2O_2$ (200 and $500{\mu}M$, 1 mM). These data show that the cam5-4 and cam6-1 mutants were sensitive to the induced oxidative stress treatments in terms of seed germination, seedling growth, and oxidative damage. The accumulation of GABA shunt metabolites as a consequence of the induced oxidative stress treatments (paraquat and $H_2O_2$ treatments) suggests that the GABA shunt pathway and the accumulation of GABA metabolites may contribute in antioxidant machinery associated with reactive oxygen species and in the acquisition of tolerance in response to induced oxidative stress in Arabidopsis seedlings.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2010

Effect of the plant essential oils on the growth of Malassezia pachydermatis was evaluated and the essential oils of Ocimum basilicum L., Melaleuca alternifolia (Maid. & Bet.) Cheel, and Rosa damascene Mill. were the most active against M. pachydermatis and their activity were high than that of itraconazole at 2 mg/mL. The major constituents of the three oils by GC-MS analysis were linalool (21.83%) and estragole (74.29%) for O. basilicum, a-terpinolene (17.96%) and terpinen-4-01 (45.54%) for M. alternifolia, and a-citronellol (59.98%) and geraniol (27.58%) for R. damascene. Results showed that these selected three oils could be effective toward controlling M. pachydermatis opportunistic infections.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.11-18
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• 1965

Phenylmercuric 8-Oxyquinolinate의 광범위한 식물병원균에 대한 살균작용, 식물의 수분증산억제작용, 식물에 대한 약해작용, Gas작용 및 자외선에 의한 경시변화에 관해 실험을 행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 포자발아억제작용은 P.M.A.보다 약간 불량한 결과를 보이며, 균사생장억제작용은 P.M.A. 보다도 양호하였다. (2) 식물의 수분증산억제작용은 초기에는 8-Hydroxyquinoline sulfate가 P.M.Q.보다도 강한 억제작용을 나타내었으나, 끝에 가서는 반대로 P.M.Q가 Oxine sulfate보다도 강한 작용을 나타냈다. (3) 수도종자의 발아, 발근에 미치는 영향은 P.M.A. 보다 약해가 적었고 수도 및 대두의 유식물의 경엽(40ppm 처리)에도 약해가 없었다. (4) 식불병원균에 대한 Gas효과에 의한 살균력은 P.M.A.보다 적었다. (5) 자외선에 의한 영향은 생물학적인 변화와 화학적인 변화가 거의 일치하였으며 P.M.Q.는 P.M.A.보다도 훨씬 자외선에 안정하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 본약제는 광범위한 식물병원균에 대해 살균작용을 가지고 있고 식물의 수분증산도 억제시키며 이화학적인 안정성을 가진 유망한 살균제가 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2024

Cadmium (Cd) is non-essential heavy metal that negatively affects plant metabolism. Nitric oxide (NO) is an increasingly important molecule for plant metabolism that makes signaling. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the alleviating effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application as NO donor in white poplar (Populus alba) under Cd stress conditions. SNP and without SNP treatments increased the Cd accumulation in root tissue. While photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b, Chl a+b, and carotenoid) content decreased by only Cd application, SNP+Cd application decreased the rate of photosynthetic pigments reduction. When the results of Cd and Cd+SNP applications were evaluated for mineral (Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu) uptake, it was found that the positive effect of SNP was heterogeneously affected. Depending on SNP application, it was found that malondialdehyde (MDA) amount decreased in leaf in 100 µM Cd applications while hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) amount decreased in 100 and 500 µM Cd applications. When antioxidant enzyme activities were examined, it was found that catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzyme activities increased with 100 µM SNP applications under all Cd applications. As a result, it was found that SNP application under Cd stress generally supports physiological processes positively in white poplar, suggesting that NO molecule plays important alleviating roles in plant metabolism.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 건조된 까마중(Solanum nigrum L.) 전초의 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획, 아글리콘 분획을 이용하여 항산화 실험을 진행하였다. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)을 이용한 자유라디칼 소거 활성($FSC_{50}$)은 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획, 아글리콘 분획에서 각각 $215.46{\mu}g/mL$, $42.43{\mu}g/mL$, $52.28{\mu}g/mL$이였다. Luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ 계에서의 총항산화능($OSC_{50}$) 평가에서, 까마중 50% 에탄올 추출물은 $25.25{\mu}g/mL$, 에틸아세테이트 분획은 $7.05{\mu}g/mL$, 아글리콘 분획은 $6.25{\mu}g/mL$를 나타냈다. $^1O_2$로 유도된 적혈구 세포손상에 대한 보호효과 측정에서는 까마중 50% 에탄올 추출물 및 아글리콘 분획은 $5{\sim}25{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서는 세포보호효과를 나타냈으나 높은 농도에서는 세포보호 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과를 통해 까마중 추출물 및 분획물들은 항산화 활성을 가지고 있지만, 세포 수준에서는 비교적 높은 농도에서 활성산소로 유도된 세포 손상을 촉진할 수도 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 화장품 등에 까마중 추출물을 응용할 때는 사용상 주의가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.