• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2008

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a main enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, is involved in cellular energy production and regarded as a housekeeping gene. Previously, cytosolic GAPDH was selected as the most significantly abundant gene in EST library of sweetpotato suspension cells. In this study, a full-length of cDNA clone (IbGAPDH) encoding GAPDH was isolated from suspension-cultured cells of sweetpotato (Ipomoea babatas), and its expression was investigated with a view to understanding the physiological function of GAPDH in relation to environmental stresses. IbGAPDH encoded a 36.9 kDa polypeptide consisting of 337 amino acids. When the deduced amino acid of IbGAPDH was compared with other higher plants, IbGAPDH showed high homology with cytosolic GAPDH. The mRNA level of IbGAPDH significantly increased under environmental stresses, such as $H_2O_2$, MV and cold treatments. Among them, the transcript level of IbGAPDH gene was the highest under cold stress. Further investigation of the transcription level under $10^{\circ}C$ or $15^{\circ}C$ was performed with different tissues of sweetpotato. The transcription of IbGAPDH was increased by cold stress with tissue-specificity, moreover, showed different patterns according to temperature.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.319-321
• /
• 2010

Plant saponins are widely distributed amongst plants and have a wide range of biological properties. Icosahydropicenic acid, $C_{51}H_{80}O_{19}$ ((4S,6bS)-8a-((4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-((3R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)carbonyl)-2-hydroxy-4, 6a, 6b, 11, 14b-pentamethyl-11-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) - tetrahydro-2Hpyran-2-yloxy)-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 7, 8, 8a, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12a, 14, 14a, 14b-icosahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid), a new saponin was first time isolated from the roots of Clerodendrum Serratum (L) Moon (Verbenaceae). The structure elucidation of the compound was carried out by $^1H$ NMR and DART-MS studies.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 1995

Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) to the coat protein gene of an ordinary Korean strain of potato virus Y (PVY-OK) isolated from potato (cv. Superior) were synthesized and cloned into a plasmid pUC119 and sequenced. The RNA of the virus propagated in tobacco (Nicotinaa sylvestris) was extracted by the method of phenol extraction. The first strand of cDNAs to the coat protein penomic RNA of the virus was made by Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase. The cDNA were synthesized and amplified by the method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of oligonucleotide primers. PVYCP3P and PVYCP3M. The size of cDNAs inserted in pUC119 plasmid was estimated as about 840 bp upon agarose gel electrophoresis. Double stranded cDNAs were transformed into the competent cell of E. coli JM109. Sequence analysis of cDNAs was conducted by the dideoxynucleotide chain termination method. Homology of cDNAs of the PVY-OK coat protein genomic RNA with those of PVY-O (Japan), PVY-T (Japan), PVY-TH (Japan), PVYN (The Netherlands),and PVYY (France) was represented as 97.3%, 88.9%, 89.3%, 89.6% and 98.5%, respectively. Homology at the amino acid level turned out to the be 97.4%, 92.5%, 92.9%, 92.9% and 98.5%, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 2006

Activity-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the whole plant from Solanum lyratum resulted in the isolation of a new pregnane derivative glycoside, 16-dehydropregnenolone 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-($1{\to}2$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosid uronic acid (2), as well as other six known compounds: 16-dehydropregnenolone (1), allopregenolone (3), protocatechuic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), and scopoletin (7). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data and chemical evidences. Compounds 1, 3, 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compound 1 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against A375-S2, HeLa, SGC-7901, and Bel-7402 with $IC_{50}$ values of $13.1{\pm}0.9,\;21.5{\pm}1.0,\;40.2{\pm}0.7$, and $49.8{\pm}1.2\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.518-523
• /
• 2007

Lunasin is small subunit peptide of coded from Gm2S-1 gene in soybean. It has been previously demonstrated that lunasin is a novel and promising cancer preventive peptide. Lunasin peptide is found only in the seed and not other tissues. And lunasin peptide starts to appear at 5 weeks after flowering and remains in the mature seed. We report here firstly lunasin peptide identified from soybean callus induced by the tissue culture and demonstrate its anticancer properties. The lunasin was identified and purified from soybean callus aged for 6 months. The callus lunasin($1{\mu}M$) inhibited the acetylation of histone H3 and H4 by 58.8% and 56.5%, respectively. And it fully inhibited foci formation compared to the values of the positive control(no lunasin) and negative control(no MCA). Purified lunasin was able to internalize into the cell and localized in the nucleus.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2020

Operational energy is the energy that is used during the occupancy stage of building life cycle. It is associated with relatively longer proportion of infrastructure's service life and can constitute 80-90% of the total energy. Assessing the energy use in buildings is essential since they are significant contributors to energy demand. In this regard, energy performance of buildings has become the focus of many regulations. This paper aimed to review the regulations about the energy performance of buildings during their operational stage in Korea. For energy efficient operation program for existing buildings, governments should implement policies and support voluntary programs that rely on collecting and managing building performance data and using this data to inform public and private-sector operation and maintenance strategies. Implementing these policies and programs requires tools and processes for collecting, curating, managing, analyzing, and publishing this data. Energy assessment tool, that is a data resource management tool that enables to assess energy use across the entire portfolio of buildings, is also required.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2003

Isolation and culture of leaf protoplasts from two chilli cultivars (Capsicum annuum var. accumnatum and Bird chilli) were developed to enhance selection process in the somatic hybridization programmes. In order to isolate the protoplasts from leaves of these two chilli cultivars different incubation periods (3, 5 and 10 hours) were tested with combinations of enzyme mixtures containing cellulase and macerozyme. Leaves were incubated on three enzyme mixtures (2% cellulase + 0.4% macerozyme, 1% cellulase + 0.2% macerozyme and 0.5% cellulase + 0.1 % macerozyme in 13% mannitol) at 251oC in the dark. Three hours of incubation using 2% cellulase and 0.4% macerozyme was the best for the protoplast isolation of both chilli cultivars tested. The yield was 5 ${\times}$ 108protoplasts/ml/ g leaf tissue in both chilli varieties. It was found that in the mixed nurse method using Nagata and Takebe (NT) medium supplemented with 1.0mg/12,4-D, NAA and BAP with 0.5M mannitol and 1.2% Sea Plaque agarose is the best medium for protoplast culture. Protoplasts of Capsicum annum var. accumnatum were alive for 14 days forming cell walls and initiating cell division.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.292-2999
• /
• 2022

Anthocyanin, an important component in the grape berry skin, strongly affects grape quality. The transcription factors VvMYBA1 and VvMYBA2 (VvMYBA1/2) control anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, cultivation and environmental factors, such as light, influence anthocyanin accumulation. The present study aimed to clarify the effect of shading (reduced light condition) on the transcriptomic regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis using a red-wine grape cultivar, Vitis vinifera 'Pinot Noir', and its white mutant, 'Pinot Blanc', caused by the deletion of the red allele of VvMYBA1/2. The grape berry skins were analyzed for anthocyanin content and global gene transcription accumulation. The microarray data were later validated by quantitative real-time PCR. A decisive influence of VvMYBA1/2 on the expression of an anthocyanin-specific gene, UDP glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase, was observed as expected. In contrast, upstream genes of the pathway, which are shared by other flavonoids, were also expressed in 'Pinot Blanc', and the mRNA levels of some of these genes decreased in both cultivars on shading. Thus, the involvement of light-sensitive transcription factor(s) other than VvMYBA1/2 was suggested for the expression control of the upstream genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, it was suggested that the effects of these factors are different among isogenes.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.210-218
• /
• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate the influence of inoculation with Bradyrhizobia and lime types on the nutrient content and yield of peanut. Inoculation size of Bradyrhizobium sp. HCR-46 was $8.2{\times}10^7$ cells per seed. Slaked lime, magnesium lime, and calcium carbonate were applied in an amount required for neutralization of soil. 150kg of calcium sulfate was fertilized to 10a of the experimental field. Sowing space was $40{\times}25cm$ under vinyl mulching. Leaves and stems for assay were sampled at 100 day after sowing. The obrained results are as follows. 1. Number and dry weight of nodule as well as dry weight of aerial part of peanut plant increased by inoculation with B. sp. and were the highest in calcium carbonate application. 2. Inoculated with B. sp., the contents of T-N, $K_2O$, MgO, allantoin, ammonia, free amino acid and chlorophyll increased, but that of nitrate decreased. 3. The contents of T-N, free amino acid, and chlorophyll were higher in the treatment of calcium carbonate, those of $K_2O$, MgO, allantoin, ammonia were higher in magnesium lime application, and those of CaO and nitrate were higher in slaked lime fertilization than any other lime types. 4. Contents of total sugar and starch in stem at 100 days were higher in the treatment of uninoculation than inoculation with B. sp., and those were highest in the calcium sulfate application than the other lime types. 5. Inoculated with B. sp. length of main stem and number of pods increased significantiy. Yield of seed was higher in inoculation with B. sp. than in uninoculation by 64%, and in the order of carbonate, magnesium lime, slaked lime, in calcium sulfate and non-application was the contribution of soil treatments to yield increases.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.175-194
• /
• 1979

The soil organic matter contents in arable land are generally low in Korea. Thus it is generally agreed that the application of organic materials to soils would be much beneficial. Present paper is a review on the effectiveness of organic mat ter application in uplands and lowlands. 1. The effect of organic matter application in uplands are of more clear and simple to explain as compared to that in lowlands. In uplands, appropriate application of organic matters such as compost and various crops residues improves the physical properties of soils leasing to increased water holding capacity, better aeration, and decrease in soil erosion. 2. In lowland, rice soils under water logged conditions the effect of organic matter application on rice yield is not straight borward and demands more refined knowledges for the interpretation of it. 3. It is found that the application of compost in rice soils is more effective when nitrogen fertilizer application is limited it dicating that nitrogen contained in the organic maerials can become available to rice plant and plays an important role for increased yield of rice under the condition where nitrogen fertilizer supply is limited. 4. Application of organic matter does not always bring about the desirable effects. Very often the organic matter application results in more intensive soil reduction leading to the accumulation of harmful substances which would can cancel out the positive effects of organic matter. This is partiunlarly true in poorly drained soils. 5. Rice straw or compost, when applied rice soils, supply sizeable amounts of available silicate to rice plant resulting in yield increase. 6. Although the effectiveness of organic matter application on rice yield in short term experiments is not consistent due to many reasons, the long term effect of organic matter is significant. 7. The term of the $O.M/SiO_2$ ratio in rice soils can serve as a criterion for the judgement of whether organic matter or silicate fertilizer is needed to be applied in a certain soil.