• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.1D
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• pp.157-166
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• 2011

This study is to mention necessity of building Green-way by foreign theoretical backgrounds and analyzing cases of internal and external, and is purposed on assessment of projects in operation internal by above necessity. For these assessments, looking into cases of green-way plan of external and defining issues by comparing with internal cases to suggest solutions. Green-way planning methods can be classified in physical and non-physical aspects. From among these, for case of non-physical method, its environments of each nation, region, local are all different from each other and can not be turned into a numerical value and quantification, as well. Therefore, analyzing and suggesting the directions on the basis of physical method. Understanding the improvements degree of physical environment of before and after implementation of projects by using successful cases of external similar to actual state of internal. By these process, inflecting to suggest a seek way of applied to internal projects. Local aspects, doesn't have the specific analyzed data of improvement of pedestrian environment and building green-way and are shortage of implementation of projects also. For that reason this study is to look into the status and plans of building green-way in Seoul and analyzing the 7 completed region cases. And suggesting issues of projects and the direction of national and local green-way projects.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.85-102
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• 2008

As a result of analyzing the floor plan shown in the three drafts, there were a great deal of differences in composing the space of the inner main hall. The inner room facing to the east with the arrangement crossing the inner floor at right angles in the 'Baekdangguje Draft' faces to the south in the east or west in front of the main house thereafter. This represents that it reflects the intent of the owner of the architecture emphasizing the size increase and ceremonies of the main house in the 'ㅁ shape', which has changed to the directions of easily accommodating the Confucian ceremonial activities in the floor plan of the inner house as the size of the main house was gradually increasing from 24 sections to 30 or 38 sections. The expansion in the size of main house further divided the functions of floor into one for daily life and the other for ceremonies as well. In other words, the 30 Sections in Yijeong Draft as being the first planned draft for reconstruction had a hall for memorial services in the main hall of the inner house, whereas the 'Draft with 38 Sections' as being the second planned draft for reconstruction was planning a room with a floor (two sections of Bangdang) for memorial purpose in the back of the inner main hall. The variations in the guest house (or space for men) shown in the drafts confirms the establishment of space for men as the size of the main house increases. We can see the change that a large guest house is placed over the south and in the south and east of the main house as the number of main house increases by 30 sections or 38 sections. Especially, a guest house with a wide space in a 'ㄴ shape' is arranged from the south of main house to the east wing in the Draft with 38 Sections. In addition, the backward sections are advanced in the front and back of guest house in the drafts with 30 and 38 sections, while a back floor or a back floor connecting to the back room or sleeping room or inner house is installed in the backward sections.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.250-257
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to compare the patient setup errors of two different immobilization devices (Feet Fix: FF and Leg Fix: LF) for pelvic region radiotherapy in Tomotherapy. Thirty six-patients previously treated with IMRT technique were selected, and divided into two groups based on applied immobilization devices (FF versus LF). We performed a retrospective clinical analysis including the mean, systematic, random variation, 3D-error, and calculated the planning target volume (PTV) margin. In addition, a rotational error (angles, $^{\circ}$) for each patient was analyzed using the automatic image registration. The 3D-errors for the FF and the LF groups were 3.70 mm and 4.26 mm, respectively; the LF group value was 15.1% higher than in the FF group. The treatment margin in the ML, SI, and AP directions were 5.23 mm (6.08 mm), 4.64 mm (6.29 mm), 5.83 mm (8.69 mm) in the FF group (and the LF group), respectively, that the FF group was lower than in the LF group. The percentage in treatment fractions for the FF group (ant the LF group) in greater than 5 mm at ML, SI, and AP direction was 1.7% (3.6%), 3.3% (10.7%), and 5.0% (16.1%), respectively. Two different immobilization devices were affected the patient setup errors due to different fixed location in low extremity. The radiotherapy for the pelvic region by Tomotherapy should be considering variation for the rotational angles including Yaw and Pitch direction that incorrect setup error during the treatment. In addition the choice of an appropriate immobilization device is important because an unalterable rotation angle affects the setup error.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

This study analyzed key success factors of Korean car-sharing enterprises, Socar and Greencar, and the responsive strategies of Korean car-manufacturing company, Hyundai Motor Group, in the face of emerging sharing economy under the specific economic and regulatory system in Korea. The outcomes of the analysis are as follows. 'Timely market entry' in early startup phase and 'use of external resources' in early growth phase were key success factors common to both Socar and Greencar. However, the differences in the eventual business directions of the two companies also resulted in different key success factors in the expansion phase of their business. For Socar which focused on maintaining its independence and the external growth of B2C business, customer relation marketing and sufficient capital raising were key success factors. For Greencar which became a part of a business group and focused on improving the efficiency of business operations, timely market entry (B2B market) was key success factor. The use of external resources and cooperation with large corporations emerged as key success factors common to both companies in the rapid growth phase. The responsive strategies of the Hyundai Motor Group were collaboration, investment and direct management of DeliveryCar. The short-term goal of the responsive strategy was the operation of test-bed in collaboration with car-sharing company while the mid/long term goal was planning new mobility services by utilizing collected data. Securing opportunities for early market dominance for autonomous car industry was also found to be an important goal.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2017

The utilization of the achievements derived from the national R & D project is a key task of the science and technology industry policy that should lead the national economic growth by enhancing the investment efficiency of the national R&D. Although Korea has implemented various programs supporting technology transfer, commercialization, Performance is not sufficient. One of several causes may include inflexibility of a small or medium-sized company Priority System. This study is exploratory research on the directions for improving the current a small or medium-sized company Priority System. Results: First, Because the current SMEs Priority System contributes positively to enhancing SMEs R&D capability, We have to keep the system in principle. However, it is necessary to improve the direction of giving the strategic flexibility of the system so that the system is not operated formally. First, it is appropriate to make an exceptional contract with a person other than a small or medium-sized company, if a small and medium-sized company is not suitable for a technology execution contract due to the nature of technology. Second, it is desirable to consider the fulfillment of the obligations of this system when "sufficient efforts" are made to find a technical user.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2003

The shortest path problems(SPP) are critical issues in the military logistics such as the simulation of the War-Game. However, the existing SPP has two major drawbacks, one is its accuracy of solution and the other is for only one solution with focused on just link cost in the military transportation planning models. In addition, very few previous studies have been examined for the multi-shortest path problems without considering link capacity reflecting the military characteristics. In order to overcome these drawbacks, it is necessary to apply the multi-shortest paths algorithm reflecting un-expected military incidents. This study examines the multi-shortest paths in the real networks using Shier algorithm. The network contains both military link capacity and time-based cost. Also, the modes are defined as a platoon(group) rather than unit which is used in most of previous studies in the military logistics. To verify the algorithm applied in this study. the comparative analysis was performed with various sizes and routes of network which compares with Dijkstra algorithm. The major findings of this study are as follows ; 1) Regarding the unique characteristics of the military transportation plan, Shier algorithm, which is applied to this study, is more realistic than Dijkstra algorithm. Also, the time based concept is more applicable than the distance based model in the military logistics. 2) Based on the results from the various simulations of this study the capacity-constraint sections appeared in each scenarios. As a consequence, the alternatives are necessary such as measures for vulnerable area, improvement of vehicle(mode), and reflection of separated-marching column in the military manuals. Finally. the limits and future research directions are discussed : 1) It is very hard to compare the results found in this study. which is used in the real network and the previous studies which is used in arbitrary network. 2) In order to reflect the real military situations such as heavy tanks and heavy equipment vehicles. the other constraints such as the safety load of bridges and/or the height of tunnels should be considered for the future studies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.313-319
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• 2007

Long term wave climate of both extreme and operational wave height is essential for planning and designing coastal structures. Since the availability of the field wave data for the waters around Korean peninsula is limited to provide a reliable wave statistics, the wave climate information has been generated by means of long-term wave hindcasting using available meteorological data. In this paper, a set of deep water wave data obtained from KORDI(2003) were analyzed for extreme wave heights. These wave data at 67 stations off the Korean coast from 1979 to 1998 were arranged in the 16 directions. The probability distributions considered in this research were the FT-I and Weibull distribution. For each of these distributions, the method proposed by Goda(2004) was applied to estimate the parameters. For judgment of best fitting, MIR criterion proposed by Goda and Gobune(1990) was used. FT-I distribution which best fits to the 886 data, while Weibull(k=0.75) 81 data, Weibull(k=1.00) 105 data.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2015

Up to the present point in time, the level diagnosis system for urban reactivation have utilized various methods for establishment and management in Korea and overseas, such as city competitiveness evaluation, urban decay diagnosis, etc. However, contrary to performing diagnosis and evaluations on general cities in existing studies, it is found to be a very complex and difficult task to perform a diagnosis on the level of U-City due to its unique characteristics. It is difficult to determine the level of a U-City using a level diagnosis system used for general cities because a U-City is comprised of a connection/fusion of various structural elements. Therefore, in order to perform a systematic diagnosis of a U-City, it is necessary to primarily observe the structural characteristics of a U-city to derive a diagnosis system based on the relativity between each structural element. This study aims to propose a directivity of a U-City level diagnosis system in comprehensive consideration of various elements, such as the objective of a U-City, as well as the structural elements that compose a U-City based on the definitions prescribed in U-City legislations, including ubiquitous city planning, ubiquitous city infrastructure, ubiquitous city technology, services, etc. The results of this study are expected to provide a resolution for the regional quality differences of U-Cities, and also establish a stepping-stone for the realization of U-Cities with high degree of completion.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.3-28
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the research trends and present future research directions in the field of Cyber Physical System (CPS), a key element in the 4th Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0, and Smart Manufacturing that are currently promoted as important innovation agenda both at home and abroad. In this study, (1) the concepts of industry 4.0, smart manufacturing and CPS are summarized; (2) analysis criteria of these fields are established; and 3) analysis results are presented and future research direction is proposed. 74 overseas and 8 domestic literature on manufacturing CPS from 2013 to 2017 are identified through 'Google Scholar Search'. Major results of the analysis are summarized as follows: (1) research on a common methodology and framework for the manufacturing CPS needs to be done based on the analysis of the existing methodologies and frameworks of various perspectives; (2) in order to improve the maturity of the manufacturing CPS, it is necessary to study actual deployment and operations of CPS, including the existing systems; (3) it is necessary to study the diagnostic methodology that can evaluate manufacturing CPS and suggest improvement strategy; and (4) as for the detailed model and tool, it is necessary to reinforce research on SCM production planning and human-machine collaboration while considering the characteristics of CPS.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.64-69
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• 2007

Motion control of the system is a position control of motor. Motion control of an uncertain robot system is considered as one of the most important and fundamental research directions in the robotics. Some distinguished works using linear control, adaptive control, robust control strategies based on computed torque methodology have been reported. However, it is generally recognized within the control community that these strategies suffer from the following problems : the exact robot dynamics are needed and hard to implement, the adaptive control cannot guarantee the performance during the transient period for adaptation under the variation, the robust control algorithms such as the sliding mode control need information on the bounds of the possible uncertainty and disturbance. And it produces a large control input as well. In this dissertation, a motion control for the unmanned intelligent robot system using disturbance observer is studied. This system is affected with an impact vibration disturbance. This paper describes a stable motion control of the system with the consideration of external disturbance. To obtain the stable motion independently against the external disturbance, the disturbance rejection is strongly required. To address the above issue, this paper presents a Disturbance OBserver(DOB) control algorithm. The validity of the suggested DOB robust control scheme is confirmed by several computer simulation results. And the experiments with a motor system is performed to give the validity of applicability in the industrial field. This results make the easier implementation of the controller possible in the field.