• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.174-179
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• 1987

1978년부터 1985년까지 8년간 전국에서 수집 분리한 도열병균 4,885균주를 공시하여 레이스를 판별하였다. $1978\~1980$년까지 일본 구판별품종에 의한 레이스 판별 결과는 통일계품종 침해레이스 6, T-레이스군 2, C-레이스군 5, N-레이스군 2 등 15개 레이스였고 $1981\~1985$년까지 한국 판별품종에 의한 레이스 판별 결과는 통일계품종과 일반계품종에 병원성이 있는 KI-레이스군 11, 일반계품종에만 병원성이 있는 KJ-레이스군 7종 등 18개 레이스로 판별되었다. 시험기간 중 우점레이스는 도열병이 다발된 $1978\~1979$년은 레이스 $N-2^{+t},\;1980\~1985$년은 레이스 KJ-301이었으며 현재 재배되고 있는 통일계품종 대부분에 병원성을 갖는 레이스 KI-315a, ki-315b가 1983년에 출현 그 분포가 증가하였다. 레이스의 지역적 분포는 강원도 지역에는 저항성유전인자 Pi-k, Pi-i를 갖는 품종을 침해하는 레이스 KJ-105, KJ-201의 분포가 많았고, 충북, 전남 지역에는 레이스 KI-315b가 타지역보다 많이 분포하였다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.134-141
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• 1991

대두의 조직배양에서 배양기간중 생화학적 대사산물의 변화와 특성을 조사하기 위하여 개화후 15일된 미숙자엽을 채취하여 기내에서 3주간 배양하였다. 이때의 배양체를 embryogenic callus(EC)와 non-embryogenic callus(NEC)로 구분하였다. EC의 일부는 다시 3주간 계 대배양하여 root forming cultures(RFC)와 shoot forming cultures(SFC)로 구분하였으며, EC의 또 다른 일부는 원형질체의 분리에 사용되었으며, 분리된 원형질체는 4주간 배양하였다. 이때 유기된 배양체를 protoplasts로부터 유기된 embryogenic callus(PEC)와 non-embryogenic callus(PNEC)로 구분하였다. 각각의 배양체에 대하여 단백질 및 그 아미노산조성을 조사한 결과, 아미노산의 조성 은 NEC와 PNEC에서보다 EC와 PEC에 서 methionine의 함량이 현저히 낮은 반면, phenylalanine의 함량이 높았다. 단백질의 양상은 EC에서는 18KD, NEC에서는 22KD 정도에서 차이가 났다. 또한 각각의 배양체에 대한 peroxidase 동위 효소의 활성을 조사한 결과, EC와 PEC에서는 peroxidase isozyme A(piA)의 활성이 높게 나타났으며, RFC와 SFC에서는 peroxidase isozyme B(piB)의 활성이 높았다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2006

Endostatin is a tumor-derived angiogenesis inhibitor, and the endogenous 20 kDa carboxyl-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII. In addition to inhibiting angiogenesis, endostatin inhibits tumor growth and the induction of apoptosis in several endothelial cell types. However, the mechanisms that regulate endostatin-induced apoptotic cell death are unclear. Here, we investigated apoptotic cell death and the underlying regulatory mechanisms elicited of endostatin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Endostatin was found to induce typical apoptotic features, such as, chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation in these cells. Thus, as the phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (PKB) signaling pathway has been shown to prevent apoptosis in various cell types, we investigated whether this pathway could protect cells against endostatin induced apoptosis. It was found that the inhibition of PI3K/PKB significantly increased endostatin-induced apoptosis, and that endostatin-induced cell death is physiologically linked to PKB-mediated cell survival through caspase-8.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 1997

서로 다른 씨클로펜타디엔 유도체가 ${\pi}$-결합된 최초의 비스무스 화합물인 ${\eta}^5-C_5(CH_3)_5Bi({\eta}^5-C_5H_5)_2$이 디펜타메틸씨클로펜타디에닐 비스무스디메틸아미드 $Cp{\ast}_2BiNMe_2[Cp{\ast}=C_5(CH_3)_5]$와 씨클로펜타디에닐 모노머와의 반응으로 합성되었다. 반응조건은 에테르 용매하에 -78$^{\circ}C$ 반응온도 조건하에서 얻어졌다. 합성된 반응물을 노르말 헥산 용매에서 재결정시킨 결과, 검은색 결정이 60% 수율로 얻어졌다. 그리고 재결정시킨 반응물을 190K에서 X-선 단결정 구조 분석 방법에 의해 그 구조를 밝혔다. 그 결과 결정계의 격자계는 I2/a, a=1756.00 picometer, b=906.00 picometer, c=2211.00 picometer, ${\beta}$=104.04, Z=8로 확인되었다. 여기서 a, b, c는 결정�Ю� 상수이고, ${\beta}$는 결정격자 상수인 b와 c간의 각도이며, Z는 단위 결정 격자당 분자의 갯수이다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2003

An insertion sequence identified as a solo long terminal repeat (LTR) of a new rice copia-like retrotransposon was detected in the ORE of the Pi-b gene from the rice cv. Nipponbare, and was designated as Osr1. Osr1 consists of a 6386 bp nucleotide sequence including 965 bp LTRs on both ends with an 82％ nucleotide sequence identity to the wheat Tarl retrotransposon on reverse transcriptase. Nucleotide divergence was noted among the individual LTRs, as well as the coding region of Osr1. Various restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of LTR were detected in indica cultivars, whereas, only a few could be detected in the japonica cultivars. The population of Osr1 is lower in the wild-type rice compared with that in the domesticated cultivars. The insertion of LTR sequence in the h-b gene in the susceptible cultivar suggested that retro-tyansposon-mediated insertional mutation might play an important role in the resistance breakdown, as well as in the evolution of resistance genes in rice.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.118-121
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• 1979

Under the experimental conditions of varying the thickness(2L cm) of ginseng disc and the bulk, concentration $(C_b.{\;}%)$, the experimental results were well coincided with those of the model which was set up by using the inter disc diffusion with constant diffusivity. It was therefore convinced that the extraction rate is controlled by the diffusion rate of ginseng components through the disc. The relationship between the diffusivity$(D{\;}cm^2/min)$ and the mean concentration (C %) of soluble ginseng components in the disc is as follows, $ln{\frac{C-C_{b0}}{C_i-C_{b0}}}=ln{\frac{8}{{\pi}^2}-{\frac{{\pi}^2D}{4L^2}{\theta}$ where $C_i(%)$ is the initial concentration of soluble ginseng components and $\theta$ (min.) is the extraction time.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.7.1-7.13
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• 2022

2-Methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (MNQ) has been shown to cause cytotoxic towards various cancer cell lines. This study is designed to investigate the regulatory effect of MNQ on the key cancer genes in mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and nuclear factor κB signaling pathways. The expression levels of the genes were compared at different time point using polymerase chain reaction arrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was performed to identify gene networks that are most significant to key cancer genes. A total of 43 differentially expressed genes were identified with 21 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated genes. Up-regulated genes were involved in apoptosis, cell cycle and act as tumor suppressor while down-regulated genes were involved in anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis, cell cycle and act as transcription factor as well as proto-oncogenes. MNQ exhibited multiple regulatory effects on the cancer key genes that targeting at cell proliferation, cell differentiation, cell transformation, apoptosis, reduce inflammatory responses, inhibits angiogenesis and metastasis.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.363-372
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• 2012

당뇨병의 주된 합병증 중 하나는 새로운 혈관 생성과 신경퇴화의 특징을 보이는 증식성 망막증이다. 당뇨병에서는 고혈당증, 저산소증과 부적절한 대사조절 능력이 혈관내피성장인자(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)의 발현에 중요한 요인으로 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 당뇨를 유발한 흰쥐에서 당뇨성 망막증에 대한 트레드밀 운동의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐를 대조군, 운동군, 당뇨군, 당뇨운동군으로 분류하여 각 군당 8마리씩 배정하였다. 당뇨는 streptozotocin을 50 mg/kg의 용량으로 주사하여 유발하였다. 운동군은 분당 8 m의 속도로 하루 30분씩 주 5회, 총 12주 동안 트레드밀 운동을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과 당뇨쥐의 망막에서 phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K), phospho-protein kinase B(pAkt), hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α), 그리고 VEGF의 발현이 증가하였다. 트레드밀 운동은 PI3K/Akt 신호전달체계를 억제하여 HIF-1α의 발현과 VEGF의 발현을 감소시켰다. 본 실험 결과 트레드밀 운동은 망막의 새로운 혈관 생성을 억제함으로써 당뇨성 망막증의 진행을 억제하는데 효과적인 방안이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4353-4358
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• 2014

Background: PI3/AKT and NF-kB signaling pathways are constitutively active in acute myeloid leukemia and cross-talk between the two has been shown in various cancers. However, their role in acute myeloid leukemia has not been completely explored. We therefore used cell penetrating inhibitor peptides to define the contributions of AKT and NF-kB to survival and multi drug resistance (MDR) in HL-60 cells. Materials and Methods: Inhibition of AKT and NF-kB activity by AKT inhibitor peptide and NBD inhibitor peptide, respectively, resulted in decreased expression of mRNA for the MDR1 gene as assessed by real time PCR. In addition, treatment of HL-60 cells with AKT and NBD inhibitor peptides led to inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis in a dose dependent manner as detected by flow cytometer. Results: Finally, co-treatment of HL-60 cells with sub-optimal doses of AKT and NBD inhibitor peptides led to synergistic apoptotic responses in AML cells. Conclusions: These data support a strong biological link between NF-kB and PI3-kinase/AKT pathways in the modulation of antiapoptotic and multi drug resistant effects in AML cells. Synergistic targeting of these pathways using NF-kB and PI3-kinase/AK inhibitor peptides may have a therapeutic potential for AML and possibly other malignancies with constitutive activation of these pathways.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.840-845
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• 2008

Nucleophosmin/B23, a major nucleolar phosphoprotein, is overexpressed in actively proliferating cells. In this study, we demonstrate that B23 exclusively localizes in the nucleolus, whereas ATP depletion results in the redistribution of B23 throughout the whole nucleus and destabilizes B23 via caspase-3 mediated cleavage. Interestingly, ATP binding precedes PI(3,4,5)P3 binding at lysine 263 and ATP binding mutants fail to restore the anti-apoptotic functions of B23 in PC12 cells. Thus, the ATP-B23 interaction is required for the stability of the B23 protein and regulates cell survival, confining B23 within the nucleolus in PC12 cells.