• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.141-147
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• 2016

Staphylococcus aureus cultures exposed to rotating magnetic field (RMF) were studied in order to analyse the possible induced changes in staphylococcal enterotoxin genes (se) expression. Liquid cultures of S. aureus strains carrying different se were exposed to the RMF of magnetic frequency 50 Hz and magnetic induction 34 mT for 10 h at $37^{\circ}C$. Three time points of bacterial growth cycle were considered for RNA extractions. Gene expression analyses were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR method. The present study confirmed, that the RMF can stimulate the growth rate of S. aureus cultures in comparison to the unexposed controls, while the stimulation is not strain dependent. The studies have also shown, that the RMF, depending on the exposure time but regardless the bacterial strain, can influence on the expression of various se. In general, except for sea, as a result of bacterial exposure to the RMF through subsequent growth phases, the expression of se decreased, reaching the values below results recorded for unexposed controls. In the case of sea expression remained at a lower level as compared to the control, regardless the time of exposition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.9-20
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• 2016

This study compared the effect of green light consequent on maximum brightness 85 lx and intial brightness 15 lx, and its accompanying psychological, physiological response. 1) As a result of psychology(general stress evaluation, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision) evaluation, all stress evaluation items mostly showed a decrease, and they are comparatively positively evaluated in minimum brightness 15 lx comparing to maximum brightness 85 lx. 2) Physiological (Heart Rate Variability) evaluation result was included in stable range in all cardiovascular system variables after light stimulus in time of comparison with the standard range; in addition, the Heart Rate Variability evaluation result was found to be stable in all cardiovascular system variables except Low Frequency in minimum brightness 15 lx comparing to maximum brightness 85 lx. 3) Green light was found not to appear as a stimulating factor in the human body in time of space projection, being found to be effective in stability of mind and body, and reduction in stress. Thus, it was found that green light functioned as an emotional, relaxing tranquilizer by working on the sympathetic nervous system.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.289-296
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• 2013

This work presents results of the study which concerns the influence of the rotating magnetic field (RMF) on the growth rate, cell metabolic activity and ability to form biofilms by E. coli and S. aureus. Liquid cultures of the bacteria were exposed to the RMF (RMF frequency f = 1-50 Hz, RMF magnetic induction B = 22-34 mT, time of exposure t = 60 min, temperature of incubation $37^{\circ}C$). The present study indicate the exposition to the RMF, as compared to the unexposed controls causing an increase in the growth dynamics, cell metabolic activities and percentage of biofilm-forming bacteria, in both S. aureus and E. coli cultures. It was also found that the stimulating effects of the RMF exposition enhanced with its increasing frequencies and magnetic inductions.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2021

Objectives The aim of this study was to reveal the difference of body shape, personality, physiological characteristics between migrant Vietnam and Daejeon women using propensity matching. Methods The number of 274 Vietnamese migrant women and Daejeon city women participate in this study. We surveyed Sasang Constitution (SC) expressive factor, such Body Mass Index (BMI) using Korea Sasang Constitutional Diagnostic Questionnaire (KS-15). A Chi-square test and a T-test were used. Significant p was .05. Results The height, weight and BMI of Daejeon women was bigger than those of Vietnam(p<.001). There was significant difference in personality characteristics in 'broad mind-narrow mind'(p<.001), 'Active-Passive'(p<.001), 'Masculine-Feminine'(p=.002). There was significant differentce in physio-pathological symptom in 'digestion'(p<.001), 'urine time'(p<.001), 'feeling cold/heat'(p=.006). There was significant differentce in distribution of SC between Vietnam and Daejeon women(p=.025). Conclusions This study reveals that there is differentce in body shape, personality, physiological characteristics between Vietnam and Daejeon women. These factors might influence on SC distribution between Vietnam and Dajeon women

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.861-878
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• 2021

The human genome contains many retroviral elements called human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), resulting from the integration of retroviruses throughout evolution. HERVs once were considered inactive junk because they are not replication-competent, primarily localized in the heterochromatin, and silenced by methylation. But HERVs are now clearly shown to actively regulate gene expression in various physiological and pathological conditions such as developmental processes, immune regulation, cancers, autoimmune diseases, and neurological disorders. Recent studies report that HERVs are activated in patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection. In this review, we describe internal and external factors that influence HERV activities. We also present evidence showing the gene regulatory activity of HERV LTRs (long terminal repeats) in model organisms such as mice, rats, zebrafish, and invertebrate models of worms and flies. Finally, we discuss several molecular and cellular pathways involving various transcription factors and receptors, through which HERVs affect downstream cellular and physiological events such as epigenetic modifications, calcium influx, protein phosphorylation, and cytokine release. Understanding how HERVs participate in various physiological and pathological processes will help develop a strategy to generate effective therapeutic approaches targeting HERVs.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.33-36
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• 1970

A study was planned to see if the ginseng has any influence upon the weight of viscera of male and female rats. One hundred and ten male rats (body weight: $35{\sim}40\;gm$ at the beginning of the experiment) and an equal number of females with similar body weight were use4 Excluding 10 male and 10 females which served as controls, these rats were divided equally into 4 groups (male ginseng group, male saline group, female ginseng group and female saline group), each of which comprising 50 animals. For 45 days, the male and female ginseng groups received every day 0.6 m1/100 gm body weight of ginseng extract solution (4 mg of ginseng alcohol extract in 1 ml of saline) subcutaneously, and the male and female saline groups received the same amount of physiological saline. Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups comprising 10 animals, and the 10 control rats and each subgroups were sacrificed immediately before, and 5, 15, 35, 35, and 45 days after beginning of the drug administration, respectively. The body weight of each subgroup was checked immediately before sacrificing it, and the heart, lung, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, spleen, and testis or uterus of each animal were weighed with a torsion balance. Following results were obtained: 1. Ginseng significantly facilitated gain in weight of testis and spleen as well as body weight of rats from 35th day after beginning of the drug administration on, but not before this time. 2. Ginseng did not exert significant influence upon the weight of heart, lung, liver, tidney, adrenal gland, and uterus of the rat.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 1977

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of cingulate cortical ablation upon gastric ulceration, and the pathway through which cingulate cortex exerts the effect. 56 female rats were divided equally into cingulate (cingulate cortical ablation), cingulate-vagal (cingulate cortical ablation and vagotomy), normal control and vagal (vagotomy) groups. Cingulate cortex was ablated through a slit-shaped opening (1 mm in width, 13 mm in length) which was made symmetrically on both sides of, and parallel to, the sagittal suture by removing a bone flap from parietal and frontal bones on each side. Vagus nerves on both sides were transected around the distal end of the esophagus. In the normal control animals, surgical intervention ended with scalp incision. All rats were kept without restraint or food deprivation for 3 weeks after surgery. The stomach of each rat was inflated with 7 ml of physiological saline and then removed under deep anesthesia. The mucosal surface was examined under dissecting microscope for the location, shape and number of ulcers, and then enlarged photograph $(4{\times})$was taken. The incidence of ulcer in each group was counted and the number of ulceration as well as the total area of glandular mucosa were measured on the photograph. Results obtained were as follows: 1. The mean number of ulcer per stomach and the total area of ulcer exprssed as permillage of the total area of glandular mucosa were significantly higher in the cingulate group than the cingulate-vagal, the normal control and the vagal groups. There was no difference among the latter three groups. 2. The incidence of ulcer in the cingulate group was significantly higher than that in the .normal control group and was also higher, though not significantly, than those in the cingulate-vagal and the vagal groups. There was no difference among the normal control, the cingulate-vagal and the vagal groups. It is inferred from the above results that the cingulate cortex exerts an inhibitory influence upon gastric ulceration and that this influence is mediated by controlling the vagal activity.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2008

Soil environmental conditions can affect nutrient availability during growth stage of tree fruit. We investigated the cause of disorderd fruit by the influence of soil chemical properties in orchard soil, composition of mineral nutrient in leaves and fruit to occur physiological disorderd fruit at four locations (Ulsan, Gyeongju, Pyeongtaek, Ansung) compared to healthy. There were significantly different (P=0.05) in exchangeable Ca, K, Mg and total nitrogen content in orchard soil between physiological disordered fruit and healthy fruit. The exchangeable Ca content in orchard soil caused by physiological disordered fruit was statistically lower than that of healthy fruit. However, exchangeable K, Mg and total nitrogen contents were higher than that healthy (P=0.05). There was a significant difference (P=0.05) in Ca content between physiological disordered fruit and healthy. Ca content in fruit flesh of physiological disorderedfruit was statistically lower than that of healthy. The physiological disordered fruit was a higher ratio of Mg/Ca in fruit flesh and peel compared to healthy fruit and also the ratios of N/Ca and K/Ca in a leaf were higher. The negative correlation between Ca and K, and Ca and Mg was detected in the fruit flesh of physiological disordered fruit. Therefore, we concluded that insufficient Ca content in fruit may cause 'the physiological disorder' pomelo disease and high content of N, exchangeable K and Mg ion in the soil solution might be disturbs exchangeable Ca ion to be absorbed in fruit.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.5-11
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• 1978

Since 1970, herbicides have been widely used in the crop production, especially in paddy field in Korea. In 1978, both preemergence and postemergence type herbicides are applied in the approximately 70% of total paddy field and 15% of upland to control weeds. Most herbicides control annual weeds effectively, but perennials have been problems in the paddy field. Under upland conditions, effectiveness of herbicides varies depending on many environmental conditions (soil moisture, soil physical properties, temperature, etc.) as well as uniform application of appropriate amounts of herbicides. In Korea, many research works have been concentrated on the screening of new herbicides in terms of herbicide effectiveness and yield or phytotoxicity of crops, and especially on the paddy field. However, physiological aspects of herbicidal action in plant and interaction of herbicides with the environments have not been studied approximately. Therefore, researches on the uptake of herbicides and the influence of herbicides on the physiological phenomena such as photosynthesis, respiration, nutrient uptake etc., to control troublesome perennial weeds in the paddy field are needed in future. Also some researches are needed to improve effectiveness of herbicirdes under upland conditions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1213-1222
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• 2016

Given the growing attention to nature and health in modern society, this study considered the role of a waterscape facility as a key element in a landscape's influence on users' physiological and psychological responses. The subjects were 28 university students, and the collected data included systolic and diastolic blood pressure, salivary amylase concentration, semantic differential (SD) scales, and profile of mood states (POMS). As compared to a space without any waterscape element (Type G), relaxation in a space with a waterscape element (Type W) was found to significantly reduce of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and salivary amylase concentration. The SD scale and POMS findings showed that Type W evoked active, bright, dynamic, free, vital, interesting, and cheerful images and improved mood states by enhancing vigor while inhibiting depressive feelings. These findings indicate waterscape facilities can improves users' mood states and may enhance their health.