• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 1990

In order to investigate physiological characteristics of fusants by interspecific protoplast fusion of the genus Cellulomonas, protoplasts of Cellulomonas flavigena NCIB 12901 and Cellulomonas bibula NCIB 8142 were fused and cell wall regenerated. To give gene maker, C. bibula was treated with 500 ug/ml NTG for 1 hr and arginine requiring auxotrophic mutants were isolated. Protoplasts of the genus Cellulomonas were obtained by treatment with $600{\mu}{\textrm{g}}$/ml lysozyme, and 0.5M sorbitol was optimal for osmotic stabilizer on protoplast fromation. Protoplast fusion was enhanced by 40% PEG)M.W.6,000) containing 25 mM $CaCl_{2}$ at $30^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and fusion frequency between C. bibula and C. flavigena was $5\times 10^{-4}$. Processes of protoplast formation, cell wall regeneration and protoplast fusion were obsdrved by scanning electron microscope. By comparing enzyme activities of cellulase, exocellobiohydrolase, .betha.-glucosidase of the parent strains of Cellulomonas with those of thier mutants and fusants, fusants with increased enzyme activity were obtained. By the studies on nutritional requirement, antibiotic resistance, cellulolytic enzyme activities, type of peptidoglycan and motility of two mutants and fusants, fusants were proved to be recombinant of both mutant strains.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2012

Behavioral and physiological responses of juvenile red seabream (Pagrus major) to different concentrations of ethanol were investigated. No swimming and no reaction to touching by a wooden stick was observed at 0.6% ethanol group in behavioral response, and survival rate was 100% after 5 hours of treatment. Red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in plasma were not significantly different among all groups. AST activities in plasma significantly decreased as ethanol concentration increased. On the contrary, ALT activities in plasma significantly increased as ethanol concentration increased. Cortisol level in plasma was the lowest in 0.6% ethanol group. Glucose levels in plasma increased significantly when ethanol concentration increased more than 0.4%. Oxygen consumption of fish in 0.6% ethanol seawater was constantly lower than that of fish in control seawater from 2 hours after the exposure to ethanol seawater until the end of experiment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was designed to observe the effects of the feeding Cynanchum wilfordii extract on the improvement of the blood glucose, lipid components in the serum of dietary hyperlipidemic and streptozotocin(STZ) -induced diabetic rats(S.D. strain, ♂) fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-Cholesterol, free-cholesterol. cholesteryl ester, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were significantly higher in the cholesterol administration groups((group 2(cholesterol+water), 4(cholesterol+Cynanchum WIlfordii 3.5g% extract)) than those in the control group (group1 , basal diet+water). But the concentrations of total cholesterol. atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL- cholesterol. free-cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were remakably lower in the group 4 than those in the group 2. In the STZ(55mg/kg B.W.)-induced diabetic groups((group 3(STZ, IP.)+water), 5(STZ(IP.)+Cynanchum WIlfordii 3.5g% extract? the serum total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free-cholesterol. cholesteryl ester, TG, PL and blood glucose concentrations actions were rather lower in the group 5 than those in the group 3. In the ratio of HDL -cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration, Cynanchum wilfordii extract administration groups were higher percentage than III the groups 2 and 3. The activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in serum were rather lower in the Cynanchum wllfordii extract administration groups (group 4,5) than in the cholesterol diet group(group 2) and STZ-induced diabetic group (group 3). From the above research, the physiological activity substances in Cynanchum wllfordii were effective on the improvement of the blood glucose, lipid compositions in serum of dietary hyperlipidemic and STZ-induced diabetic rats. And particularly, physiological activity substance in Cynanchum wilfordii was more effective therapeutic regimen for the control of metabolic derangements in adult disease.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.983-988
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• 2005

Effects of Citrus sunki peel and its fermented product extracts on physiological and functional activities of cellular systems were investigated. Ethanol extract of Citrus sunki peel showed potent ROS-scavenging activity using 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescin diacetate as a fluorescent ROS probe in HepG2 cells. Fermented product of C. sunki peel extract markedly suppressed nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 murine macrophage cells. Treatment with fermented product of C. sunki peel extract decreased intracellular protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase II stimulated by LPS. High doses of fermented product lend to apoptotic cell death in CHO-IR cells.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.165-172
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• 2003

The objectives of this study were to examine the physiological responses to ozone and to measure ozone uptake rates of Betula species exposed to relatively high concentration of pollutants. At the end of the growing season, photosynthesis, pigments contents, antioxidants (SOD and GR) and ozone uptake rates were measured or estimated at the leaves of five Betula species (Betula costata, B. davurica, B. platyphylla var. japonica, B. schmidtii and B. ermanii) exposed to 100ppb ozone concentration. On the termination of the experiment, growth effects were determined by measuring leaf area and dry weights of leaf, stem and root. Ozone treatment showed the significant reduction the leaf area and dry weight of four Betula species, except for B. ermanii. Shoot / root (SR) ratio of five species represented two different types. SR ratio of B. costata and B. davurica were lower than control, in contrast, SR ratio of B. platyphylla var. japonica, B. schimidtii and B. emani, were higher than that of control. The photosynthetic responses of five species were different in responses to ozone exposure. Four species, except for B. emanii, maintained or increased the stomatal conductance, but B. emanii decreased both stomatal conductance and photosynthesis. SOD activities of five species decreased by the ozone exposure, especially B. ermanii showed the largest reduction, GR activities of B. platyphylla var. japonica and B. schmidtii increased, B. costata and B. emanii decreased. Instantaneous ozone uptake rate was the highest at the leaves of B. ermanii and B. costata, ozone uptake per seedling was the highest at the leaf of B. schmidtii and B. emanii. It was concluded that B. costata, B. davurica and B. platyphylla var. japonica, appeared the growth reduction and visible ozone injury, were sensitive species to ozone, and B. schmidtii with the increased antioxidant activity and B. ermanii without the growth reduction were relatively resistant species to high ozone concentration at the early growing stage.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.83-92
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• 2005

Objectives : The physiological activities of Coptidis Rhizoma investigated for application as a cosmetic ingredients. Methods : We were experimented anti-oxidation effect, growth inhibition ability on cancer cells, antibacterial activity on various kinds of bacteria of skin. Results : The results were obtained as follows : Electron-donating ability(EDA) shows that Coptidis Rhizoma extracted with ethanol(94.51%) gives higher EDA in comparison to that extracted with water in 1000 ppm(63.24%). In the test of SOD-like activity, ethanol extract showed quite more activity with 81.01% in 1000 ppm, while water extract was low in 18.22%. In the inhibition activity of Xathine oxidase, ethanol extract showed higher inhibition activity compared to water extract. In measuring lipid oxidation inhibition ability using fish oil, ethanol extract in 100 ppm showed prominent ability. In the oxidation inhibition effect added with $Cu^{2+}\;ion\;and\;Fe^{2+}$ ion as a oxidation promoter, ethanol extract in 1000 ppm, each in the proportion of 90% and 92%, showed high oxidation inhibition effect compared with water extract. Conclusions : The results indicated that, ethanol extract which is superior in its anti-oxidation and antibacterial effect is useful to be applied in cosmetic industry.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.212-217
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• 2000

This study was determined protein reaction, antioxidative activity, nitrite scavening ability and antimicrobial activity of tannins isolated from astringent persimmon fruits. Tannins extracted from green persimmon fruits reacted highly with BSA(bovine serum albumin). Reactions between tannins and BSA were more active when contents of tannin were higher than that of BSA. Antioxidative abilities of green persimmon tannin were comparable to that of BHT(butylated hydroxytoluene). Green persimmon tannins exhibited remarkable nitrite-scavenging activity. Different antimicrobial activities of persimmon tannins were observed depending on the maturity. The growth of V. parahaemolyticus and E coil were highly inhibited by the addition of persimmon tannins. Tannins from soft persimmon did not have antimicrobial activities against B. subtilis and S. typhimurium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.11
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• pp.1623-1629
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• 2016

White breads containing Korean blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) powder were prepared and characterized. WB (white bread without blue mussel) and four different MBs (white breads containing blue mussel; number in front of MB means added % of blue mussel powder per wheat flour) were prepared by the straight dough method. With addition of blue mussel to bread, lightness decreased, whereas redness and yellowness increased. Addition of blue mussel did not significantly affect specific volumes of breads. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities significantly increased with increasing blue mussel content. Addition of blue mussel to breads also increased alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activities. In the sensory test, 1MB acquired relatively high points for taste, flavor, texture, and preference. The results indicate that blue mussel can be applied to white bread to improve physiological functions without reduction of physicochemical characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 2021

This study investigated various physiological activities to examine the applicability of the functional materials of Allium tuberosum root extract. The A. tuberosum root extract showed a low cytotoxicity against murine melanoma B16F10 cells. It also showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity (ID50, 6.2 ㎍/mL), inhibited tyrosinase activity (ID50, 115.4 ㎍/mL), and decreased melanin content (ID50, 31.5 ㎍/mL). Treatment of B16F10 cells with A. tuberosum root extract suppressed the protein expression of tyrosinase in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that A. tuberosum root extract inhibits melanin synthesis by suppressing intracellular tyrosinase expression. Additionally, A. tuberosum root extract inhibited elastase with an ID50 value of 145.1 ㎍/mL and contained isoquercitrin. These results indicate that A. tuberosum root extract is an appropriate natural material.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.309-317
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• 2021

This study was designed to examine the cell cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity for raw material of Beta vulagaris tea. Antioxidative ability was evaluated by bioassays using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay using RAW 264.7 cells, and investigated production levels of reactive oxide speies, and inflammatory meditors(i.e., nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. As a results, DPPH and ABTS raidcal scavenging activity were increased in a dose-dependent manner, and confirmed no cytotoxicity in all concentration. Also, it was significantly decreased level of ROS, NO, IL-6, and TNF-a in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore these results suggest Beta vulagaris has considerable potential as a raw material of leached tea with safe anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.