• 성인간호학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.298-307
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of physical activity on glycemic control among Koreans with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 215 patients with type 2 diabetes (82 male and 133 female) were recruited (mean age = $59.0{\pm}9.7$ years). The amounts of physical activity was assessed using the physical activity scale for elderly (PASE). Fasting blood glucose (FBG), Hemoglobin A1c ($HbA_1c$), and 2 hours post-prandial glucose (2hrPG) were measured. Results: The highest PASE score was housework-related physical activity. However, the amounts of walking was significantly higher in good FBG level (Z = 1.39, p=.041) and the amounts of leisure-time physical activity was higher in good HbA1 and 2hrPG level than in the poor glycemic control group (Z = 2.29, p<.001; Z = 1.99, p=.001). A logistic regression analysis showed that patients with leisure-time physical activity in the top quartile more likely presented with good glycemic control in $HbA_1c$, OR=3.84 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.65~8.95) and in 2hrPG, OR=4.06 (95%CI = 1.77~9.27), compared to patients in the lowest quartile. Conclusion: Leisure-time physical activity is effective for controlling the glucose levels, especially $HbA_1c$ and 2hrPG among type 2 diabetic patients. It is suggested that health providers need to more focus on providing aggressive recommendations on physical activity considering physical activity patterns by individuals.

• 센서학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.432-440
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• 2009

This paper presents an accelerometer based system for physical activity decision that are capable of recognizing three different types of physical activities, i.e., standing, walking and running, using by rough sets. To collect physical acceleration data, we developed the body sensor node which consists of two custom boards for physical activity monitoring applications, a wireless sensor node and an accelerometer sensor module. The physical activity decision is based on the acceleration data collected from body sensor node attached on the user's chest. We proposed a method to classify physical activities using rough sets which can be generated rules as attributes of the preprocessed data and by constructing a new decision table, rules reduction. Our experimental results have successfully validated that performance of the rule patterns after removing the redundant attribute values are better and exactly same compare with before.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the activity of the knee flexor and extensor with ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion. Methods : A total of 18 subjects(Male 6, female 12) performed 4 lower extremity patterns of PNF and the activities of the vastus medialis oblique, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus ipsilateral sides were measured using electromyography. Results : During 4 lower extremity patterns of PNF, knee flexor and extensor muscle activity were significantly difference. Knee extensors were shown to be higher knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion combined pattern. Knee flexors were shown to be higher knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion combined pattern. Conclusion : We suggest that it is efficient to strengthening of knee extensors with ankle dorsiflexion and to strengthening of knee flexors with ankle plantar flexion. Also, for the functioning as toe standing, we have to choice appropriate movement pattern.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.662-672
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• 2019

본 연구는 한국 성인의 대사증후군과 신체활동, 식이 형태의 관계를 파악하기 위하여 2016년도 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용한 2차분석 연구이다. 만 19세 이상 65세 미만이며 대상자 선정기준을 충족한 3,352명을 대상으로 복합표본 ${\chi}^2$-검증, t-검증, 로지스틱 회귀분석으로 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 대사증후군 유병률은 남성 29.7%, 여성 16.7% 이었다. 남성의 경우, 저 신체활동군과 비교하여 고 신체활동군은 대사증후군에 이환될 가능성이 0.8배 증가하고(OR=0.8, p=.038), 지방을 많이 섭취할수록 대사증후군에 이환될 가능성이 0.98배 증가하였다(OR=0.98, p=.007). 여성의 경우, 저 신체활동군과 비교하여 고 신체활동군은 대사증후군에 이환될 가능성이 0.7배 증가하고(OR=0.71, p=.034), 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방 섭취 비율이 높을수록 대사증후군에 이환될 가능성이 각각 1.03배(OR=1.03, p<.001), 0.96배(OR=0.96, p=.009), 0.95배(OR=0.95, p<.001) 증가하였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로, 대사증후군 유병률이 급증하는 성인을 대상으로 정기적인 신체검진을 통해 대사증후군 위험집단을 선별하고, 선별된 위험집단을 대상으로 대상자의 특성을 반영하여 규칙적인 고강도 신체활동과 탄수화물, 단백질, 지방 섭취의 구체적인 지침을 제시하는 중재 프로그램이 개발 및 제공되어야 할 것이다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.393-398
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare muscle activation patterns of lower extremities in stroke patients during stepper climbing, stair-up, and level-ground gait conditions by surface electromyography (EMG). Methods: Subjects included 19 hemiplegic patients comprehensive rehabilitation center for inpatients with stroke. Surface EMG was used to measure the subjects' medial gastrocnemius (GCM), tibialis anterior (TA), biceps femoris (BF), and rectus femoris (RF) activity as they took six steps during stepper climbing, stair-up, and level-ground gait conditions. Results: There was no significant difference in the BF or RF muscle activity for the stepper climbing, stair-up, and level-ground gait conditions. However, there were significant differences in the medial GCM and TA muscle activity between each condition on the patients' hemiplegic side(p<0.05). There was significant difference in the medial GCM, TA, RF, and BF muscle activity between each condition on the patients' non-hemiplegic side (p<0.05). Conclusion: As a result, the overall muscle activity during the level-ground gait was higher than the stair-up condition, and the muscle activity during the stair-up condition was higher than the muscle activity during the stepper climbing condition. As one of the many methods used for gait training, we suggest that the stepper exercise could be applied at an earlier stage in the gait training process.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2009

Objectives : The physical activity of Korean adolescents and its distribution based on social characteristics have not yet been fully assessed. This study intends to reveal the distribution of physical activity by its subgroups and offer possible explanatory variables. Methods : The 3rd Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey was analyzed for this study. The appropriateness of physical activity was defined by Korea s Health Plan 2010 and physical inactivity was assessed independently. Family affluence scale, parents education levels, subjective economic status, grade, and school location were considered explanatory variables. All statistical analysis was conducted using SAS ver. 9.1. Results : The proportion of participants engaging in vigorous physical activity was high in males (41.6%), at a low grade (38.5%), within the high family affluence scale group (35.5%). The distribution of participants engaging in moderate physical activity showed similar patterns, but the overall proportion was lower (9.8%). Low family affluence and students with lower subjective economic status reported a higher prevalence of physical inactivity. In multiple logistic regression analysis for physical activity, significant factors included family affluence scale (p<0.05). For physical inactivity, family affluence scale, parents education levels, and subjective economic status were included as significant factors (p<0.05). Conclusions : The results suggest that the physical activity and inactivity of adolescents may be affected by socioeconomic variables, such as family affluence scale. This implies the need to take proper measures to address these socio-economic inequalities.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.340-348
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the nutritional status of liver transplantation (LT) recipients and explore certain factors that influence nutritional status, including dietary patterns and physical activities. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The subjects included 211 LT recipients at a medical center outpatient clinic located in Seoul, Korea. The nutritional status, dietary patterns, and physical activities of each subject were measured using the body mass index (BMI), Mini Dietary Assessment (MDA), and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The percentages of living and deceased donor LTs were 81.0% and 19.0%, respectively. The mean BMIs pre- and post-LT were 23.88 and $23.16kg/m^2$, respectively, and the average MDA score was 36.55. More than 60.0% of the subjects had a moderate or high level of physical activity. In multivariate analysis, a higher BMI before LT (${\beta}=.72$, p<.001), a lower Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (${\beta}=-.18$, p<.001), and being male (${\beta}=-.10$, p=.024) contributed to better nutritional status post-LT. Patients within six months of LT were less engaged in muscle exercises than those post six months of LT (p=.020). Conclusion: LT recipients in Korea have good nutritional status and a good level of physical activity. To improve recipients' post-LT nutritional status, the pre-LT nutritional status should be considered, particularly in those with a higher MELD score. In addition, physical activity including muscle-strengthening exercises should be encouraged from an earlier stage.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2008

Purpose : To describes the important aspects of the foot and ankle movement and function used when git and balance strategy. Method : The foot and ankle was a very important roles in the lower limb movement and gait. This study summarizes the physiologic movement of knee to the PNF lower extremity patterns. Result : The ankle joint composed of the talocural joint, the subtalarl joint, transverse tarsal joint, talocalcaneonavicular joint. The onset of dorsiflexion muscle activity starts in pre swing gait patterns. First contract muscle is the extensor hallucis. Activity of tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus quickly follows in mid swing gait phase. During stance phase, the soleus and gastrocnemius muscle provided plantar flexor torque, which muscle reacts quickly to restrain ankle dorsiflexion, and contributes modulated control of the ankle motion in gait patterns. Conclusions : The understanding of ankle kinematics, could provide a good therapeutic approach for improving gait patterns in patients with various pathological condition.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.573-581
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• 1998

Gait is a highly complex activity in which many variables can be observed and measured. Walking is a repetitious sequence of limb to move the body and to maintain stability. Normal gait is rhythmic and characterized by alternating propulsive and retropulsive motions of the lower extremities. Pathological gait patterns have four functional categories (deformity, muscle weakness, impaired control, pain). The purpose of this study was to assess the quantitive gait variables(the width of the base, length of a step, stride length, cadence, velocity) in patients with low back pain. Patients walked more slowly, took shorter steps and did not show the symmetrical gait patterns.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the simultaneous abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) on the muscle activity of the ipsilateral trunk and leg during proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) leg flexion, adduction, and external rotation with knee flexion (D1) patterns. Methods: The participants were 20 healthy adult males and females (18 males and 2 females). The maneuvers were performed by a physical therapist who fully understands the PNF leg patterns (D1) and their application in clinical practice. The participants were trained and allowed to practice for 15 minutes prior to applying ADIM, to ensure adequate learning as evidenced by the pressure biofeedback unit. In this study, we measured the muscle activity of the trunk and leg when the PNF leg pattern (D1) was performed by the physical therapist either sustaining or releasing the ADIM. Muscle activity was measured on the right transverse abdominis muscle (TRA), the external abdominal oblique muscle (EO), the internal abdominal oblique muscle (IO), the erector spinae muscle (ES), the vastus medialis oblique muscle (VMO), the vastus lateralis oblique muscle (VLO), and the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and compared using the mean values from averaging three repeated measurements. Results: The muscle activity of the transversus abdominis, the external abdominal oblique, the internal abdominal oblique, the vastus medialis oblique, and the vastus lateralis oblique was significantly greater (p < 0.05), and the muscle activity of the erector spinae was significantly less (p < 0.05) during PNF leg pattern (D1) when the ADIM contraction was sustained compared to when it was not. Conclusion: These results suggest that sustaining ADIM during PNF leg pattern (D1) training increases the trunk and leg muscle activity, resulting in more effective training.