• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.141-150
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to understand the adaptive responses of different modes of physical exercises utilizing skeletal muscle and the comprehensive relevance of AMPK signaling that can be activated by physical exercise as a potential molecular target in human health problems such as neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). METHODS: Most of the contents in this review article are based on recent publications concerning the main topics of interest. The reference literatures cited were obtained by basic searches of overseas academic databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect using EndNote X7.8. RESULTS: The phenotypic adaptive responses of skeletal muscle during endurance- and resistance-based exercise training (ET and RT respectively) appear to be distinct. To explain the adaptive responses in each single mode of exercises (ET, RT) along with combined exercise training (CT), AMPK signaling is proposed as an important molecular link among those differential modes of exercise and a promising molecular target of NMDs. CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence, intracellular AMPK signaling activated by diverse stimuli including physical exercise can be a potential and promising therapeutic target for the prevention, amelioration or cure of various human health problems including NMDs and may also be beneficial for physical rehabilitation and emergency situations that may elicit acute metabolic stresses.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.278-292
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• 2023

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effects of thoracic joint mobilization and breathing exercises on diaphragmatic thickness, chest expansion, respiratory function, and endurance in patients with chronic stroke. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: The study included 24 chronic stroke patients who were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group (12 people) performed 15 minutes of thoracic joint mobility exercises and 15 minutes of breathing exercises, three times a week for 6 weeks, 30 minutes each time. The control group (12 people) received 15 minutes of conservative physical therapy and 15 minutes of breathing exercises, 3 times a week for 6 weeks, 30 minutes per session, the same as the experimental group. The experimental and control groups performed the same breathing exercises. To assess training effectiveness, changes in diaphragm thickness, chest expansion, respiratory function, and endurance were measured. Results: As a result, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in diaphragm thickness, chest expansion, and respiratory function. The endurance mode also displayed significant enhancement (p<0.05), a finding consistent with the control group. However, the experimental group displayed more substantial improvements in non-affected diaphragm thickness and thoracic expansion compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Drawing from these findings, breathing exercise which combine thoracic mobilization, will be actively utilized in addition to physical therapy interventions in clinical trials as an effective intervention method.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.100-115
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• 2020

Recently, with the development of various sensors and communication technologies, the market for wearable devices capable of recording physical activity in connection with a smartphone is expanding. The purpose of this study is to analyze physical activity for each transportation modes in order to utilize wearable devices in the field of transportation. This study consists of three steps: data collection, basic statistical analysis, and physical activity analysis. Four adult males and females were recruited as investigators, and physical activity and route information were collected through Fitbit, a commercial wearable device. From the collected physical activity information, a percentage of heart rate reserve (%HRR) using a heart rate was derived and used for analysis. As a results, it was found that there is a statistically significant difference in heart rate for each transportation mode, and physical activity intensity is the highest when walking. In addition, the results of physical activity analysis for the case of using different routes for the same OD were presented. The results presented in this study are expected to be used as basic data for preparing public transportation activation policies and providing customized services for the future.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

All radiation thermometers have a size-of-source effect (SSE) and a self-radiation effect (SRE). The SSE,defined as dependence of the detector signal of a radiation thermometer on the diameter of a source, is critically dependent on the wavelength since diffraction is the main cause. In this paper, we have measured the SSE and the SRE of TRT2 (Transfer Radiation Thermometer 2, HEITRONICS) widely used as a transfer standard in low and middle temperature range. At $300^{\circ}C$, The radiation temperature difference between the 60 mm diameter blackbody and 10 mm diameter blackbody due to the SSE was estimated to be $3.5^{\circ}C$ in low temperature mode ($8-14\;{\mu}m$) and $0.5^{\circ}C$ in middle temperature mode ($3.9\;{\mu}m$). In addition, the measured radiation temperature difference of the blackbody due to the SRE was found to be 110 mK when the body temperature change of TRT2 was set at $2.6^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.11 no.4 s.32
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• pp.71-86
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• 2002

Since Modern period which is characterized by the governing of technology and capitalism, the production and aesthetics of building became a main issue of architectural discourse. Morever, Modern architecture tends to be a kind of media in which the visual image of building plays a far more important role than building itself. Institutionalized discipline of Architecture in modern system set aside the dwelling aspect of building and destructed close relationship between dwelling and building. This study analyzes the essential meaning of dwelling with a viewpoint of building and vise virsa in order to have a deep reflection on contemporary architecture and modern crisis of dwelling. For this purpose this study first reviewed linguistic and mythical narratives on the origin of dwelling and building. Secondly, reviewed the thought of Heidegger on dwelling and building and his thinking on authenticity of dwelling. Thirdly, reviewed drastic change of idea and reality of dwelling recent days, especially from settlement to nomad. Lastly reviewed E. Levinas' thinking on bodily dwelling or primordial mode of dwelling before poetic dwelling of Heidegger. With these review we can figure out following things on dwelling and building. Physical building or its visual image can not take the place of dwelling in itself. Dwelling and Building happens simultaneously and understood as an event in life world. Today's alienation of dwelling from building reduced our conception of architecture to a physical setting and mere technique. Building must be a ontological and cultural phenomenon beyond physical building. Nomad in this age of information and globalization may be a new mode of dwelling. But it can not exclude traditional way of dwelling on concrete space, because human being as a physical being can not abandon dwelling place that gives a primordial comfort with and within our body.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.135-156
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to ascertain librarian's perceptions on their users' library access and its patterns. Interviews with seven library staff reveal physical accessibility issues including spatial relationships between libraries and other facilities such as shopping malls and schools, travel distance, transportation mode, and temporal perspectives of library access. The results from the interviews corroborate the findings from secondary analysis using household travel data. However, interviewees do not have a clear picture of how much their users travel and spend to access their libraries. This is true, even though these factors are critical to analyze physical accessibility. Based on the findings, this study makes recommendations to improve the accessibility of public libraries. Suggestions include the concept of sponsorships with other facilities, the placing of material drop-boxes on the main route, and providing library programs during lunch time.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.537-549
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• 2001

The isometric torque of the elbow flexor and extensor muscles were measured for 6 seconds at a joint angle of 90$^{\circ}$ , in 10 normal subjects (control group) and 10 hemiplegic subjects(patient group), using the Cybex NORMTM System. The peak torque, the time to peak torque were measured for each exercise. In addition, heart rate and blood pressure were recorded simultaneously at rest and immediately following exercise completion at 1 and 3m mutes. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 8.0 for Windows software and mean and standard deviations were calculated. The results are as follows. 1) In the patient involved group. the isometric values for flexors and extensors were significantly lower than in the normal nondominant group(p<.05). 2) The extensor to flexor strength ratio in the isometric mode was 121.0% in the patient involved group compared with 78.7%in the normal nondominant group, a significant difference(p<.05). 3) The mean increment ratio was increased 19.0% for systolic blood pressure and 25.2% for disatolic blood pressure in the patient group. 4) The mean increment ratio was increased 36.0% heart rate in the patient group.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.629-636
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• 2008

Dual Mode Trailer(DMT) systems are significantly considered as future transportation technique particularly to eliminate complicated job process in the railroad based transportation and reduce relevant logistic cost in economic viewpoint. This paper presents survey of Dual Mode Trailer(DMT) systems in terms of technical applicability in domestic industry, technical trends, etc. We provide several DMT systems addressed until now and propose suitable framework of them to our nation.

• New Physics: Sae Mulli
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• v.68 no.12
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• pp.1374-1377
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• 2018

We achieved 95% visibility in the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference experiment while we achieved only 56% visibility in a previous report. We used a 120 mW 405 nm single-mode continuous wave laser, a 5-mm-thick type-1 ${\beta}$-barium borate single crystal, standard Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer optics, two avalanche photodiode single-photon counters, and a homemade coincidence counting unit. The photon collection unit was the key difference between the present study and the previous study. In the present experiment, we used single-mode optical fibers for photon collection, which suppressed accidental coincidence between-different mode photons by acting as a spatial filter because of its core size being much smaller than a multi-mode fiber.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.546-552
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• 2013

A cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester(PEH) and an auxiliary mass-spring unit can be integrated into a novel two-degrees-of-freedom PEH where its lowest eigenmode is not an in-phase modes but an out-of-phase mode. This typical behavior was shown to enhance output power considerably compared with its stand-alone counterpart. The objective of this study is to newly develop a continuum-based mathematical model suitable for efficient analysis of the mode-sequence reversed PEH. Once such a mathematical model is available, various physical behaviors can be analytically investigated for better designs. After a new mathematical model is developed, its validity is checked by using ANSYS results, in terms of resonant frequency, open-circuit voltage, and output power with a specified external resistance.