• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.43-53
• /
• 2003

TFT LCD 와 같은 디지털 디스플레이 디바이스는 CRT 와 같은 아날로그 디스플레이 디바이스와 달리 그 제조 과정에서부터 해상도가 정해져 버리는 단점을 가지게 된다. 그러나 이들 디스플레이 디바이스에 출력이 되는 입력 화면의 해상도의 종류는 매우 다양하며 출력 디바이스의 해상도 또한 날로 다양해지고 있다. 이러한 입력 영상의 해상도를 출력 영상의 해상도에 맞게 스케일을 늘리거나 줄이는 일(interpolation / decimation)을 하는 것을 영상 스케일러라고 한다. 이러한 스케일 up/down 과정에서 생길 수 있는 영상의 열화를 줄이기 위한 알고리즘과 이를 이용한 H/W cost가 저렴한 영상 스케일러에 대한 연구가 기존에 진행되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 영상 scale up/down에 있어서 이상적이라 할 수 있는 연속 공간에서의 광학적 영상 확대/축소를 이산 공간인 디지털 디스플레이 비다이스에 맞게 옮긴 Winscale 알고리즘을 제안한다. 그리고 제안된 알고리즘을 이용한 영상 스케일러를 Verilog XL을 이용해서 H/W로 구현하였다. 그리고 삼성 SOG 0.5㎛ 공정을 이용하여 실제 칩으로 제작되었다. 기존의 다른 소프트웨어에서 사용되고 있는 영상스케일링 알고리즘을 이용해서 스케일된 영상의 R, G, B 각 칼라 채널에 대한 PSNR 값을 가지고 스케일링 기능의 우열을 비교했다. 또한 H/W cost 도 비교하였다. 이러한 Winscale 방법을 이용한 영상 스케일러는 영상 품질은 기존의 알고리즘과 비등하거나 우수하면서 H/W cost 가 기존의 것들 보다 저렴하기 때문에 영상 스케일러가 필요한 다양한 디지털 디스플레이 디바이스에 사용될 수 있을 것이다.성이 가장 높았고, 그람양성균과 그람음성균의 항균활성은 젖산균과 효모보다 더 높게 나타났다.치는 LC군(저칼슘식이군)에서 유의하게 높았고, 정상수준의 칼슘을 섭취한 각 군에서는 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 대퇴골의 습윤무게는 참다랑어골분(TB)군과 구연산처리 된 참다랑어 골분(CT)군에서 높은 수치를 나타내었고, 건조후의 무게는 저칼슘군(LC)을 제외한 정상수준의 칼슘 투여군 간에 차이가 없었다. 대퇴골의 회분 함량은 정상수준의 칼슘식이군들에 비해 저칼슘식이인 LC군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 체중 100g 당의 대퇴골의 칼슘함량은 저칼슘식이(LC)군에서 유의적으로 낮았고 칼슘급원에 따라 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 대퇴골의 골밀도 측정 결과 저칼슘식이인 LC군은 정상식이군에 비해 골밀도가 유의하게 낮았으며, 동일한 정상수준의 칼슘이 공급된 실험군 사이에서는 참다랑어골분(TB)군의 골밀도가 가장 높은 수치를 보였다. 본 연구결과 여러 가지 칼슘급원에 따른 흰쥐의 골격대사는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 저칼슘군과의 차이가 두드러져 양적인 면에서의 칼슘공급의 중요성을 지적할 수 있겠다. 대퇴골의 중량이나 회분, 칼슘 및 대퇴골의 골밀도 결과로 보아 참다랑어 골분은 탄산칼슘군이나, 기존에 칼슘 급원으로 사용해 오던 우골분수준으로 뼈의 건강유지 면에서 긍정적인 가치를 부여할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.EFA)의 함량은 유리지질이 결합지질에 비하여 높았으나 w3 고도불포화방방산(w3-HU-FA)의 함량에 있어서는 그 반대이었다. 부위별로는 지질의 함량 및 지방산의 조성이 많은 차이를 보였다.{2+}$ 26 및 $Na^+$ 26 mg $L^{-1}$이었다. 양액

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2012

As of November 1st 2010, 59% of overall residences in Korea are apartments with 8,185,000 households and when including the multi-unit houses, 71.0% of the overall residences are multifamily houses. The apartments have become the most universal form of residence in Korea and its' relative weight will continuously increase in the future. Meanwhile, Korea has turned into aging society in 2000 and will turn into the super-aged society by 2026 to display the world's fastest speed for aging. Majority of the elderly will spend their declining years in apartments. To understand the residence consciousness and its' properties for unit housing of the elderly residing in apartments, the present study obtained the following results through surveying the 541 nationwide samples. First, the elderly most prefer the mid and high levels(6-9th floors, or 10-15th floors) of apartments. Second, the elderly couples most prefer areas of $85m^2$ while single elderly most prefer $60m^2$. Third, the elderly feel the most inconveniences in bathrooms and showers. Fourth, safety accidents in dwelling of the elderly have no significant correlation with age, gender or their possessed diseases. Fifth, the elderly displayed high satisfaction for their bedrooms. Sixth, there were less tendencies for elderly to feel lack of storage spaces or conduct remodeling. As a result of the analysis, all apartment houses of Korea must support the physical aging of residents and prevent safety accidents in houses to enable Korean aging in place.

• 스마트미디어저널
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.46-54
• /
• 2015

Communication between ECUs (Electronic Control Units) in agricultural machineries tends to use IS011783 widely, that is PGN (Parameter Group Number) based communication protocol lays on CAN protocol by altering its identifier part. Messages in line are transferred and received between ECUs according to ISO11783 standard. This paper discusses about design of wireless monitoring system. We used an ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller embedded development board and marvel8686 wireless module. The wireless ISOBUS monitoring system, attached to communication line, reads messages, interpret them, and display them on the screen in easily comprehendible form. It can be used to generate messages and monitor the traffic on physical bus systems. The monitoring system connected to ECUs, monitor and simulate real traffic of communication and functionality of the ECUs. In order to support our work, we have implemented the monitoring tool. The development consists of two parts: GUI of the application and firmware level programming. Hence the monitoring system is attached to the communication line and equipped by Wi-Fi module; farmer/dispatcher in a farm monitors all messages in communication line on personal computer and smart device.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.292-292
• /
• 2009

OLED(Organic Light Emitting Device)는 LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)의 뒤를 잇는 차세대 디스플레이의 선두주자로서 자체발광형이기 때문에 백라이트 등의 보조광원이 불필요하며, 구동전압이 낮고 넓은 시야각과 빠른 응답속도 등의 특징을 가지고 있다. 또한 플렉서블 기판을 사용할 수 있어 차세대 디스플레이인 플렉서블 디스플레이에 적합하다. 플렉서블한 디스플레이를 만들기 위해서 플라스틱 기판에 OLED 물질을 사용하여 기존에 무겁고, 깨지기 쉬우며, 변형이 불가능한 유리로 만든 소자 보다 더 가볍고 깨지지 않고 변형이 가능한 플렉서블 디스플레이를 제작 할 수 있다. 그러나 플라스틱 기판은 매우 큰 투습율을 가지고 있어 OLED소자에 적용시키면 공기 중의 수분이나 산소와 접촉이 많아져 쉽게 산화되어 소자의 효율 및 수명이 짧아진다. 또한 OLED에 사용되는 유기물도 산소나 수분에 의해 특성이 급격히 저하되기 때문에 산소 및 수분의 차단은 필수적이다. 이러한 단점을 최소화하기 위해서 PECVD(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition)로 만든 SiON(Silicon Oxynitride) 박막을 차단막(Passivation layer)으로 사용하였다. PECVD를 이용하여 SiON 박막을 증착시킬 때 RF Power, 공정압력, Distance의 변화에 따른 박막의 결정화도, 수분투습도, 광투과도 등의 특성을 FT-IR(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), Ellipsometer, UV-visible Spectrophotometer, MOCON를 이용하여 SiON 박막의 특성을 고찰하였다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare subjective symptoms of VDT between computer-addicted and non-addicted adolescents. Method: A descriptive survey design was used and 646 students in one middle and two high schools were selected as participants. Result: The VDT subjective symptoms and degree of severity differed according to whether the students were computer-addicted or not, and in all symptoms, general, musculoskeletal, eye and mental, the mean score for subjective symptoms was higher in the addicted group than in the non-addicted group. The score for VDT subjective symptoms was highest in the addicted group for girls and students who were not healthy. The most frequent physical symptom reported by students who visited the school health room for a health problem after using the computer was headache. The most frequent type of treatment at the school health room was treatment of the symptom. Conclusions: This study suggests that students must acquire correct habits in computer use and be careful not to be addicted to the computer in order to avoid VDT syndrome. For this, educational authorities should develop computer-related health education programs and start the programs from the lower grades of elementary school.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effects of thoracolumbar junction's Hyeopcheok points(夾脊穴) for low-back pain in the thoracolumbar junction syndrome. Method : 1. Measurement : We investigated 26 patients with low-back pain. The unpleasantness of pain was measured by visual analogue scale(VAS), and the Oswestry low-back pain disability index(ODI). We compared the VAS and ODI scores of the two groups statistically. 2. Intervention : Use Acupuncture and bee venom injection in thoracolumbar junction's Hyeopcheok points that display main tender points. Also, herb medication and physical therapy was used. Results and Conclusion : As a result of treatment, thoracolumbar junction's Hyeopcheok points is very effective for low-back pain. However, more cases are required to oriental medicine in order to prove the availability.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of emotional labor on burnout in stroke patients' caregivers. Methods: Data were collected from 141 paid caregivers working at 3 hospital across Gyeonggi province from January to April 2014. Results: The caregivers' level of emotional labor showed 2.9/5.0 points and burnout, 2.5/5.0. A significant correlation was found among attentiveness to required display rules (p=.007), emotional dissonance (p=.001) and burnout. In a multiple regression, age (${\beta}$=.279, p=.001) and emotional dissonance (${\beta}$=.193, p=.046) were associated with burnout in caregivers. These factors attributed to 16.9% of variance in the burnout of caregivers. Conclusion: These results suggest that burnout in stroke patients' caregivers can be influenced by emotional dissonance as well as physical condition such as age. Accordingly, it is necessary to be develop support program to deal with mental labor to improve their mental health and lighten their workload for caregivers.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.47-59
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to propose an automatic evaluation technique for the prosodic aspect of an English sentence uttered by Korean speakers learning English. The underlying hypothesis is that the consistency of the manual prosody scoring is reflected in an imaginary space of prosody evaluation model constructed out of the three physical properties of the prosody considered in this paper, namely: the fundamental frequency (F0) contour, the intensity contour, and the segmental durations. The evaluation proceeds first by building a prosody evaluation model for the sentence. For the creation of the model, utterances from native speakers of English and Korean learners for the target sentence are manually scored by either native teachers of English or Korean phoneticians in terms of their prosody. Multiple native utterances from the manual scoring are selected as the "model" native utterances against which all the other Korean learners' utterances as well as the model utterances themselves can be semi-automatically evaluated by comparison in terms of the three prosodic aspects [7]. Each learner utterance, when compared to the multiple model native utterances, produces multiple coordinates in a three-dimensional space of prosody evaluation, each axis of which corresponds to the three prosodic aspects. The 3D coordinates from all the comparisons form a prosody evaluation model for the particular sentence and the associated manual scores can display regions of particular scores. The model can then be used as a predictive model against which other Korean utterances of the target sentence can be evaluated. The model from a Korean phonetician appears to support the hypothesis.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1511-1513
• /
• 2005

The polymer-light emtting diodes(PLEDs) were comprised a design of OLED array, process develop by using ITO thin glass, and fabrication of PDMS stamp by using nanocontact printing. In the study, we describe a different approach for building OLEDs, which is based on physical lamination of thin metal electrodes supported by a PDMS stamp layer against an electroluminescent organic. We develop that devices fabricated in this manner have better performance than those constructed with standard processing techniques. The lamination approach avoids forms of disruption that can be introduced at the electrode organic interface by metal evaporation and has a reduced sensitivity to pinhole or partial pinhole defects. Also, it is easy to build patterned PLED with feature sizes into the nanometer regime. This method provides a new route to PLED for applications ranging from high performance displays to storage and lithography systems, and PLED can used for organic electronics and flexible display.

• 한국인쇄학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.51-63
• /
• 2010

Ink-jet is part of the non impact printing that shooting the ink drop from the nozzle to paper. It is very silence and express good color. There are two types of printing that continuous and drop on demand. But drop on demand process is becoming the mainstream. these days, LCD, PDP is passed more than semiconductor industry. And we expect organic EL, FED as a next display. But product equipment, main component and technology have a gap between an advanced country and us nevertheless physical development. Expecially, previous process part is depended on imports. Ink-jet printing technology that there isn't complicated photo lithography process is attracted, so ink-jet printing resolution is more embossed. But there were not many of ink-jet resolution thesis but ink-jet head or nozzle. Because, to out of the ink from the nozzle is unseeable and hard to experiment. Therefore this thesis was experimented and simulated how can ink-jet printer improved resolution by flow-3d simulation package program.