• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the conditions for the application of various plank exercises to people who require trunk stabilization by comparing trunk muscle activity according to the degree of hip abduction in the plank exercise. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty healthy participants voluntarily participated in this study and the plank exercise was performed under 5 conditions (two-legged support plank [TSP] with hip abduction, TSP with hip abduction of 15 degrees, TSP with hip abduction of 30, one-legged support plank [OSP] with hip abduction of 15 degrees, OSP with hip abduction of 30 degrees). In order to measure the trunk muscle activity according to the 5 conditions, surface electromyography was used. The electrical activities of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles were measured during the 5 plank exercises. Subjects practiced each of the 5 conditions three times in random order and the average values were obtained. Results: In the OSP condition with 15/30 degrees of hip abduction, activities of the RA, EO, and IO were significantly greater than during the TSP (p<0.05). In the OSP with 30 degrees of hip abduction condition, activities of the left EO, IO were significantly greater than other plank exercise conditions (p<0.05). Conclusions: The plank exercise with hip abduction of 30 degrees and the OSP exercise can be suggested as an effective method to enhance the activity of the trunk oblique muscles.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study compared the effects of three different clamshell exercises (CLAM) on the gluteus medius (GMED), quadratus lumborum (QL), anterior hip flexor (AHF), gluteus medius/quadratus lumborum ratio, and gluteus medius/anterior hip flexor ratio by studying the activities of participants with GMED weakness. METHODS: Eleven subjects with weak GMED participated in this study. Subjects performed CLAM under three different conditions (standard, and modified 1 and 2). Surface electromyography was then used to measure the muscle activity and one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess the statistical significance of the measured variables. RESULTS: GMED and the QL muscle activities did not differ significantly between the standard CLAM and the modified CLAM with the 2 different foot positions (F=4.74, P=.02; F=4.57, P=.02, respectively). AHF activity was significantly different in the two different foot positions when compared to the standard CLAM (F=11.17, P=.00). However, there was no significant difference between the AHF activities for the two different foot positions (P=.09). Finally, GMED/QL and GMED/AHF ratios were not significantly different between the three different CLAM exercises (F=.63, P=.55; F=.82, P=.45, respectively). CONCLUSION: Modified CLAM can be recommended as a good method to minimize AHF activity while maintaining GMED activity in subjects with weak GMED.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.108-117
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to daily activities of post myocardial infarction patients. Data were collected from Aug. 1 to Aug. 31, 1988 through an interview schedule lasting for about 30~60 minutes by the investigators. Tools for this study were a daily activities scale and a subjective physical symptom scale developed by the researchers, and Zung's self rating depression scale. The subjects were 45 men 18 women post myocardial infarction patients who were receiving follow up care at SNU Hospital. The data were analyzed by percentage, mean t-test ANOVA, the Pearson moment Correlation Coefficient test, and Cronbach's $\alpha$ reliability test. The results were as follows. \circled1 Reliability of the daily activities scale was 0.91 by Cronbach's $\alpha$. In the daily activities scale, items about transfer, exercise, and job related activities were most highly rated as meaningful to the post myocardial infarction patients. \circled2 The average daily activities score of these patients was 3.30 (maximum point ; 4) all scores were high except for exercise and job related activities. \circled3 There was a significant difference in daily activities according to sex ; men had a higher daily activities score than women (T＝2.32, p＜0.05). \circled4 There was a significant difference in daily activities according to job status. Subjects having a job had a higher daily activities score. \circled5 The lower the depression score, the higher the daily activities score(${\gamma}$＝-0.5748, P＜0.05). \circled6 The lower the subjective physical symptoms score, the higher the daily activities score(${\gamma}$＝ -0.6015, p＜0.05).

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.729-750
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• 1998

The purpose of this Review is to help activities of daily living by normalizing bodily functions through the use of negative pressure. Cupping therapy has been holding the important role as a form of treatment in ancient medicine of Oriental and Occidental country, and still being used widely due to it's effectiveness. Principle of Cupping therapy is to neutralize somatic dysfunctions by elimination of nonphysiological somatic fluid of hematoma through application of negative pressure on region of dermatomal meridian. The effectiveness of Cupping therapy as follows; 1) Effects on acid base balance of bodily fluid. 2) Through the reabsorption of subcutaneous hematoma, it affects on formation of immune system and produce the blood serum cleaning reaction. 3) By application of negative pressure on subcutaneous, induce renal system to produce steroid hormone. 4) By stimulating hemopoietic system, it maxmize the blood production level. Recently, Alternative medicine has been a focus due to it's nature of effectiveness and safety without adverse complication. Therefore, every family possess and use the cupping modality for preventive measure and/or treatment purpose in order to eliminate accumulated byproducts of body and clean the blood system.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the responses of the trunk muscle during expected and unexpected sudden loadings of the hands on the sagittal plane. Twenty, young healthy adults(male 10, female 10) were participated to two different loading conditions : expected and unexpected sudden loadings. Different weights were dropped in hand : 5lb, 6lb, 7lb for male, and 3lb, 4lb, 5lb for female. EMG activity of rectus abdominalis and erector spine muscle were collected. Rectus abdominalis and lumbar erector spine muscle activity significantly increased in unexpected sudden loadings than expected sudden loadings(p<.05). This results indicate that co-contraction of abdominal and back muscle contribute for dynamic spinal stability during expected or unexpected activities of daily living. Preparatory adjustments can be made which reduce the postural perturbation to sudden load and prevent low back injuries.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.148-164
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the conditions of physical activity and exercise programs in Public Health Center. For this study 244 Public Health Centers in Seoul and all of the countries were surveyed from October 15 1999 to June 30 2000. The study was done by telephone, e-mail, fax and questionnaire. First, the 25 Public Health Centers in Seoul were investigated, and then 107 Public Health Centers in other cities were investigated. Public Health Centers in Seoul and Public Health Centers in other cities are very different in exercise program and equipment, budgets, personnel. There were many kinds of exercise program for people who have health problems, but a few exercise programs for healthy people. Exercise programs for people who have health problems were to prevent hypertension, arthritis. obesity, diabetes and back pain. Physical activity and exercise programs for healthy people were stretching for pregnancy and elderly. There were $24(96.0\%)$ Public Health Centers in Seoul which had physical activity and exercise program, $80(36.5\%)$ Public Health Centers in other cities which had physical activity and exercise program.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1543-1555
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• 2000

Home health care is moving into a set of new realities. An era of competition and cost containment has arrived. Before nurses are able to contain costs or describe the relationship between nursing activities, cost must be accurately measured based on the nurse's workload. Nurses in home health care usually desire to measure expenses for one of three reasons : reimbursement, management, or research. The purpose of the study was to investigate the work input by Registered Nurse in each of the home health care activities by relative value units and identify the factors affecting the nurses' total work input in health care services. To measure the work input by nurses, work was defined by four dimensions: time, physical effort, mental effort, and stress. This study used a descriptive-correlational design. Data collection consisted of two phases. In phase I, data on home health activities performed by nurses were collected. In phase II, data on nurses' time, physical effort, mental effort, and stress in each of home health care activities discovered phase I were collected. In this method, the respondent was asked to rate a service in relation to a reference service using a ratio scale. The sample included 39 home health care nurses. The results of the study indicated that home health care activities performed by the nurses were in 10 categories and 69 items. Measuring the relative work inputs in each of home health care activities, and foley catheterization was selected as the reference to service. In terms of time and physical effort dimensions, full bath service was rated as the most strenuous among 69 activities by the respondents, and intramuscular injection was rated as least. It was found that emergency treatment required the highest mental effort and the highest stress, while blood sugar tests required the lowest mental effort. Approximately 91.3% of the variance in total work input was accounted for by the linear combination of time, physical effort, mental effort judgement, and stress. Examining the regression coefficients of those variables, physical effort, time, and stress were found as the predictors which were significantly associated with the total work of nurses in home health care. Professional nursing's next step in the conundrum of economic volatility is to develop a tool to reflect the interaction of functional deficiency and direct professional nursing care. And this will be a more accurate predictor of nursing resource use and ultimately a great forcaeter cost.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1675-1682
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• 2013

본 연구는 요양보호사의 지원서비스가 노인의 행동변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 목적을 갖고, J지역 소재 노인전문요양보호시설에서 요양보호사로부터 서비스를 받고 있는 노인과 노인환자 보호가족 100명을 대상으로 설문조사하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 요양보호사의 지원서비스가 노인의 신체활동 만족에 미치는 영향을 검증한 결과 간호처치서비스, 동작수발서비스가 노인의 신체활동 만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 둘째, 요양보호사의 지원서비스가 노인의 심리정서활동 만족에 미치는 영향을 검증한 결과 동작수발서비스가 노인의 심리정서활동 만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 셋째, 요양보호사의 지원서비스가 노인의 사회인지활동 만족에 미치는 영향을 검증한 결과 동작수발서비스가 노인의 사회인지활동 만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<.01). 이같은 결과는 노인의 신체적, 심리적, 인지적 발달이 퇴화되어가며, 활동이 둔화될 수밖에 없는 제한된 한계에서 반복적이며, 지속적인 간호처치와 동작수발 케어 서비스를 받음으로써 신체적, 심리적, 인지적 행동변화에 긍정적으로 변화되고 촉진됨을 의미한다. 즉, 요양보호사의 지속적인 지원서비스를 통해 노인의 긍정적인 신체적, 심리적, 인지적 행동변화로 긍정적인 삶을 증진시킬 수 있는 촉진제가 될 수 있음을 시사한 점에서 그 유용성을 갖는다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) rely on their upper limbs for body-lifting activity (BLA). While studies have examined the electromyography (EMG) and kinematics of the shoulder joints during BLA, no studies have considered foot position during BLA. Objects: This study compared the effects of different foot positions during BLA on the shoulder muscle activities, peak plantar pressure, knee flexion angle, and rating perceived exertion in individuals with SCI. Methods: The study enrolled 13 mens with motor-complete paraplegic SCI, ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) A or B. All subjects performed BLA with the feet positioned on the wheelchair footrest and on the floor independently. Surface EMG was used to collect data from the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and triceps brachii. The peak plantar pressure was measured using pedar-X and the knee flexion angle with Image J. Borg's rating perceived exertion scale was used to measure the physical activity intensity level. The paired t-test was used to compare the shoulder muscle activities, peak plantar pressure, knee flexion angle, and rating perceived exertion between the two feet positions during BLA. Results: The activity of the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and triceps brachii and rating perceived exertion decreased significantly and the peak plantar pressure and knee flexion angle increased significantly when performing BLA with the feet positioned on the wheelchair footrest compared with on the floor (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with SCI may perform BLA with the feet positioned on the wheelchair footrest for weight-relief lifting to decrease the shoulder muscle activities and the rating perceived exertion and to increase the peak plantar pressure and the knee flexion angle.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.53-70
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• 2013

This study proposes to find out what effects physical effort using props has on infants' ability in relation to their creative physical expression and physical self-concept. This study targets three-year-old preschoolers who attend S and T nursery, located in Yeonje, Busan, of which 16 belong to an experimental group. The research tools used in the study are the creative physical expression test by Kim Eun-Shim(1994), which is the modified version of Bae Hyun-Suck's testing tool(1990), and an altered version of the questionnaire focusing on physical self-concept by Whang Sun-Gack(2001). The experimental group is divided into a large and small sub-group and then physical activities involving props are done by these divided experimental groups once or twice a week for 12 weeks, while outdoor activities are carried out with the comparison group once or twice a week for 12 weeks. For both groups, a total of 20 experiments are done. To obtain answers to the research questions, an individual version of the T-test is conducted using means and standard variations of the experimental and comparison groups. The results of this study are as follows : 1) the physical efforts of the experimental group using props reaped more positive effects as regards creative physical expression than the comparison group, 2) the positive effect on the participants' physical self-concept is also more evident in the case of the experimental group.