• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2016

Dental caries, the most common oral disease, is a multifactorial disease caused by interactions among bacteria within the dental plaque, food, and saliva, resulting in tooth destruction. Streptococcus mutans has been strongly implicated as the causative organism in dental caries and is frequently isolated from human dental plaque. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique that involves the activation of photosensitizer by light in the presence of tissue oxygen, resulting in the production of reactive radicals capable of inducing cell death. Postantibiotic effect (PAE) is defined as the duration of suppressed bacterial growth following brief exposure to an antibiotic. In this study, the in vitro PAE of PDT using erythrosine and light emitting diode on S. mutans ATCC 25175 was investigated. The PAE of PDT for 1 s irradiation and 3 s irradiation were 1.65 h and 2.1 h, respectively. The present study thus confirmed PAE of PDT using erythrosine on S. mutans.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제78권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 2015

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive, treatment-resistant, and generally fatal disease. A 68-year-old male who was diagnosed with MPM at another hospital came to our hospital with dyspnea. We advised him to take combination chemotherapy but he refused to take the treatment. That was because he had already received chemotherapy with supportive care at another hospital but his condition worsened. Thus, we recommended photodynamic therapy (PDT) to deal with the dyspnea and MPM. After PDT, the dyspnea improved and the patient then decided to take the combination chemotherapy. Our patient received chemotherapy using pemetrexed/cisplatin. Afterwards, he received a single PDT treatment and then later took chemotherapy using gemcitabine/cisplatin. The patient showed a survival time of 27 months, which is longer than median survival time in advanced MPM patients. Further research and clinical trials are needed to demonstrate any synergistic effect between the combination chemotherapy and PDT.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2012

Objective : Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using topical aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has increasingly been used for the treatment of acne vulgaris and several studies have shown its clinical efficacy. However, ALA-PDT needs a relatively long incubation period and is frequently associated with adverse effects. Triptophan and Riboflavin has been introduced as a new photosensitizer for the treatment of acne recently. Method : 11 patients with acne vulgaris were received PDT with tryptophan and riboflavin four to six times over two to three months. The photos of each patient were taken before and after treatment. Result and conclusion : PDT with tryptophan and riboflavin may be an effective and safe treatment for the Acne vulgaris patients.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2008

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common nosocomial pathogens. It is associated with hospitals is now being isolated in the community. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy using Photogem and 630 nm LED on MRSA and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The broth cultured MRSA and MSSA incubated with various concentrations of Photogem (500,50,5 and $0.5{\mu}g/mL$) for 4 h. Then 630 nm LED was given at $9\;J/cm^2$, $20{\mu}l$ of the exposed bacteria solution was inoculated onto agar plate. Plates were incubated for 24 hand colonies were counted. The PDT group was effective in killing MRSA and MSSA at the Photogem dose of $50{\mu}g/mL$. But MSSA is more sensitive than MRSA in photodynamic effect. Other groups (light only, sensitizer only, or no treatment) observed no bacterial cell killing. These results raise the possibility of using PDT with or without antimicrobial drugs to eradicate MRSA and MSSA. In order to confirm this result, we need to further study bacterial death mechanism and in vivo study.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to evaluate the photodynamic effect of various photosensitizing agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA was exposed to light from a 632 urn diode laser (15 J/$cm^2$) in the presence of various photosensitizer, such as photofrin, photogem, radachlorine and ALA. In vivo study was performed using ICR mice. Twenty eight mice had a standard wound ($100\;mm^2$) created on the dorsum, and MRSA was inoculated into the wound region. The four groups were classified as follows: (1) the untreated control group (bacteria alone), (2) the bacteria plus light group (15 J/$cm^2$), (3) the bacteria plus photofrin group (kept in the dark), and (4) the photodynamic therapy (PDT) group (bacteria, photofrin, and light). After photofrin (dose 1 mg/kg) injection, the experimental group was irradiated with 632 urn diode laser (15 J/$cm^2$) for 30 minutes after In vitro results of PDT showed the complete killing of MRSA at the photofrin, radachlorine, and photogem However, ALA-PDT was ineffective on MRSA viability. In vivo results showed that photofrin has therapeutic effect on the wound infection. These results demonstrate that selective lethal photosensitization of MRSA can be achieved using phofrin, photogem and radachlorin. Thus, PDT can inactivate MRSA survival.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.66-69
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• 2014

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective method for infectious disease, but as yet, no clinical trial on otitis externa has been conducted in animals. This report describes 4 cases of PDT treatment on severe otitis externa in canine. Four canines were treated with various concentrations of 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA) and with various J (second ${\times}$ power) and irradiated by light-emitting diode light source at 635 nm, respectively. After the PDT applications, canines incubated in the dark for 5 or 6 hr. All patients showed clinical resolution of otitis externa after PDT treatment at the dose of 0.16~0.3 g ALA and J (54~162 $J/cm^2$). On the basis of these findings, PDT can be considered to be a new therapeutic approach to severe otitis externa in canine.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

Canine otitis externa is a common disorder in small animal practice with prevalence up to 20%. In a large percentage of cases, canine otitis externa is a chronic and recurrent disease also associated with drug-resistant bacteria that is difficult to treat with traditional antibiotics. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new strategy to exterminate pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy against canine otitis externa using three photosensitizer (PS); 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and Methyl aminolevulinic acid (MAL) with semiconductor laser diode (SLD, 635nm of wave length), Chlorophyll-lipoid complex (CLC) with light-emitting diode (LED, 660nm of wave length). After PDT, dogs showed improved Otitis Index Score (OTIS) in swelling, exudate, odor, and pain. A result of the cytology test revealed decrease of bacteria and malassezia count in the oil immersion field and colony forming units count. PDT was effective as a bacteriocide of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and a fungicide of Malassezia pachydermatis. MAL and 5-ALA were more effective PS against canine otitis externa than CLC. These results suggest that PDT is a new strategy to exterminate pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. PDT can be considered as a new therapeutic approach for canine recurrent otitis externa and a countermeasure to drug resistance that is a disadvantage of traditional antibiotic and antifungal therapy.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.1101-1103
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• 2005

최근 레이저 진단 및 치료의 동향, 즉 조직선택성을 갖는 레이저 치료와 새로운 광-조직 작용을 갖는 레이저 진단에 관하여 조사 발표하고, PDT 및 PDD의 새로운 연구발전 방향을 제시한다.

• 공업화학
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.599-605
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• 2016

최근 효과적인 암 치료 방법으로 광역학치료(photodynamic therapy)와 광열치료(photothermal therapy)가 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 광열치료에 필요한 광열인자로써의 역할을 할 수 있는 골드 나노로드(AuNR)를 합성하고, 그 표면에 광역학치료를 위한 광증감제(photosensitizer)를 결합하였다. 즉, 골드 나노로드를 체내에 오래 머무르도록 하기 위해 PEG(polyethylene glycol) 및 효과적인 암 표적지향성을 위해 FA (folic acid) 리간드를 도입하였고, FA-PEG와 poly-${\beta}$-benzyl-L-aspartate (PBLA)로 이루어진 블록 공중합체를 3,4-dihydroxy hydrocinnamic acid (HCA) linker를 사용하여 골드 나노로드의 표면개질을 하였다. 또한 $AgNO_3$의 feeding ratio 변화를 통해 다양한 aspect ratio를 갖는 골드 나노로드를 합성하였고, UV-visible spectrophotometer, $^1H$-NMR, XPS, TEM 분석을 통해 FA-PEG-$P(Asp)_{50}$-HCA-AuNR100의 물리 화학적 특성과 morphology를 분석하였고, 성공적인 표면 개질을 확인할 수 있었다. 골드 나노로드의 표면 개질을 통한 생체 적합성 약물전달체의 합성은 효과적인 암 진단 및 다양한 광역학/광열치료 분야에 응용이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 치면착색제인 10 - 20 mM erythrosine을 광감각제로 사용한 광역동 치료의 항균 효과를 평가하는 것이다. Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, Candida albicans를 포함하는 다종 우식원성 세균막을 hydroxyapatite disc에 형성하였다. 광감각제로 20 μM, 10 mM, 20 mM erythrosine을 3분간 적용 후 24초 동안 광조사를 시행하였다. 각 실험군의 Colony-forming unit (CFU)을 측정하고 세균막을 Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)을 이용하여 관찰하였다. 10 - 20 mM erythrosine을 광감각제로 사용한 광역동 치료 실험군에서 CFU의 현저한 감소가 관찰되었고, 그 결과는 CLSM 관찰에서도 확인되었다. 이번 연구를 통해 치과 임상에서 사용되는 치면착색제를 광감각제로 이용한 광역동 치료의 높은 항균효과를 확인할 수 있었다.