• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.483-488
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• 2017

Transition-metal oxide semiconductors have various band gaps. Therefore, many studies have been conducted in various application fields. Among these, methods for the adsorption of organic dyes and utilization of photocatalytic properties have been developed using various metal oxides. In this study, the adsorption and photocatalytic effects of $WO_3$ nanomaterials prepared by hydrothermal synthesis are investigated, with citric acid added in the hydrothermal process as a structure-directing agent. The nanostructures of $WO_3$ are studied using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images. The crystal structure is investigated using X-ray diffraction patterns, and the changes in the dye concentrations adsorbed on $WO_3$ nanorods are measured with a UV-visible absorption spectrophotometer based on Beer-Lambert's law. The methylene blue (MB) dye solution is subjected to acid or base conditions to monitor the change in the maximum adsorption amount in relation to the pH. The maximum adsorption capacity is observed at pH 3. In addition to the dye adsorption, UV irradiation is carried out to investigate the decomposition of the MB dye as a result of photocatalytic effects. Significant photocatalytic properties are observed and compared with the adsorption effects for dye removal.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.193-196
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• 2009

Mesoporous $TiO_2$ material was synthesized from diblock copolymers with ethylene oxide chains via a sol-gel process in aqueous solution. The properties of these materials were characterized with several analytical techniques including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) analysis. The mesoporous $TiO_2$ materials calcined at 400${^{\circ}C}$ were found to have specific surface areas 212 $m^2g^-1$, average pore sizes 6.2 nm, and their average crystal sizes were found to be 8.2 nm. The photocatalytic activity of mesoporous $TiO_2$ was characterized with UV-Vis spectroscopy, and it was found to be 5.8 times higher than that of Degussa P25 $TiO_2$ (P25). For deactivation of Escherichia coli, mesoporous $TiO_2$ also has high photocatalytic inactivity than that of P25. Such a high photocatalytic activity is explained with large surface area and small crystal size with wormhole-like mesoporous structure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2005

최근 일본이 광촉매 관련 제품에서의 소비자 보호를 위한 적절한 표준화 규격 제정에 강한 의욕을 보이며, 자국내 JIS 규격 외에 ISO 규격 (ISO/TC 206 fine ceramics)을 제정하기 위하여 노력하고 있다. 이에 국내에서는 산업보호 및 해외시장에서의 종속성을 벗어나기 위하여 2001년부터 선정된 분야에서의 광촉매표준화 시도가 이루어졌다. 그 중의 하나로 본 논문은 광섬유를 빛 전달 매개체와 광촉매 코팅 지지체로 이용해서 광촉매 졸을 구성하는 광촉매 자체의 유기물 분해능을 결정하는 방법을 규정하는 과정과 제안과 관련된 것이다. 이 규격은 코팅 가능한 졸이나 졸로 만들 수 있는 자외선 감응 광촉매 재료에 적용하며, 차후 가시광 및 태양광 감응 광촉매 활성 측정 및 비교에도 응용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.34-44
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• 2015

본 연구는 기존의 광촉매 산화 기술에서 주로 사용된 자외선램프의 단점을 보완할 수 있는 대체 광원인 자외선 LED를 사용하여 자유 시안을 폐수로부터 제거하는 공정을 평가하고자 수행되었다. 특히 광촉매 산화 공정의 다양한 영향 인자들에 대해 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 자외선 LED는 기존의 광원인 자외선램프를 대체할 수 있는 적용성을 확인할 수 있었다. 뿐만 아니라 LED 개수를 증가할수록 광촉매 산화 반응의 효율은 증가하였으나, 공정의 경제성과 효율성을 동시에 만족시키기 위해서는 최적의 LED의 개수를 선정할 필요가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 광촉매로 이용된 아나타제(anatase), 루틸(rutile), Degussa P25 등 세 종류의 $TiO_2$ 중 Degussa P25가 가장 높은 성능을 보였으며, 아나타제(anatase)와 루틸(rutile)을 특별한 전처리 과정없이 단순하게 혼합하였을 때는 Degussa P25 만큼의 공정의 효율은 얻지 못했다. 또한 $TiO_2$의 입자 크기가 작을수록 광촉매 산화 반응이 더욱 활발하게 이루어졌다. 그리고 광촉매 산화 반응에 있어 주로 전자 수용체 역할을 수행하는 산소를 주입함으로써 공정의 효율이 증진되는 효과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2020

A facile one-pot wet chemical process to prepare pure anatase TiO₂ hollow structures using ammonium hexafluorotitanate as a precursor is developed. By defining the formic acid ratio, we fabricate TiO₂ hollow structures containing fluorine on the surface. The TiO₂ hollow sphere is composed of an anatase phase containing fluorine by various analytical techniques. A possible formation mechanism for the obtained hollow samples by self-transformation and Ostwald ripening is proposed. The TiO₂ hollow structures containing fluorine exhibits 1.2 - 2.7 times higher performance than their counterparts in photocatalytic activity. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the TiO₂ hollow structures is attributed to the combined effects of high crystallinity, specific surface area (62 ㎡g^-1), and the advantage of surface fluorine ions (at 8%) having strong electron-withdrawing ability of the surface ≡ Ti-F groups reduces the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2012

In this study, Ibuprofen (IBP) degradation by the photo catalytic process was investigated under various parameters, such as UV intensity, optimum dosage of $TiO_2$, alkalinity, temperature and pH of bulk solution. The pseudo-first order degradation rate constants were in the order of $10^{-1}$ to $10^{-4}min^{-1}$ depending on each condition. The Photocatalytic IBP degradation rate increased with an increase in the applied UV power. At high UV intensity a high rate of tri-iodide ($I_3{^-}$) ion formation was also observed. Moreover, in order to avoid the use of an excess catalyst, the optimum dosage of catalyst under the various UV intensities (30 and 40 W/L) was examined and ranged from approximately 0.1 $gL^{-1}$. The photo catalytic IBP degradation rate was changed depending on the alkalinity and temperature and pH in the aqueous solution. This study demonstrated the potential of photo catalytic IBP degradation under different conditions.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2024

In this work, we investigated the photo-degradation performance of MnO₂-SiC fiber-TiO₂ (MnO₂-SiC-TiO₂) ternary nanocomposite according to visible light excitation utilizing methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) as standard dyes. The photocatalytic physicochemical characteristics of this ternary nanocomposite were described by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tunneling electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), photocurrent and cyclic voltammogram (CV) test. Photolysis studies of the synthesized MnO₂-SiC-TiO₂ composite were conducted using standard dyes of MB and MO under UV light irradiation. The experiments revealed that the MnO₂-SiC-TiO₂ exhibits the greatest photocatalytic dye degradation performance of around 20 % with MB, and of around 10 % with MO, respectively, within 120 min. Furthermore, MnO₂-SiC-TiO₂ showed good stability against photocatalytic degradation. The photocatalytic efficiency of the nanocomposite was indicated by the adequate photocatalytic reaction process. These research results show the practical application potential of SiC fibers and the performance of a photocatalyst composite that combines these fibers with metal oxides.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.382-390
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 광촉매반응기/폐가스 가습조(유동상호기 및 무산소조)를 포함한 바이오필터공정으로 이루어진 하이브리드시스템을 구축하여 퇴비공장 또는 공공시설에서 발생되는 황화수소, 암모니아 및 휘발성 유기화합물을 포함한 악취폐가스에 대한 처리효율을 제고하고 종합적인 적정 작업조건을 구축하였다. 악취가스(2 L/min)에 포함된 암모니아(300 ppmv)의 경우 광촉매반응기에서 약 22%가 제거되고, 폐가스 가습조에서 약 55%가 제거되고, 후 공정인 바이오필터에서 나머지인 약 23%가 모두 제거되었다. 악취가스에 포함된 톨루엔(100 ppmv)의 경우 광촉매반응공정에서 약 20%가 제거되고, 폐가스 가습조(유동상 호기 및 무산소조)에서 약 10% 제거되며 마지막 공정인 바이오필터에서 나머지 70% 모두가 제거되었다. 따라서 물에 용해도가 높은 암모니아의 경우에는 폐가스가습조에서 주로 제거되었고, 용해도가 낮은 톨루엔의 경우는 바이오필터에서 주로 제거되었다. 한편 황화수소(10 ppmv)는 광촉매반응공정에서 거의 처리되고 잔류 trace는 폐가스가습조에 용해되어서 바이오필터로 인입되는 가습된 feed에서 황화수소가 검지되지 않았다. 폐가스 가습조(유동상호기 및 무산소조)에서의 nitrate 농도는 무산소조에서 발생하는 탈질반응 때문에 무산소조 경우가 유동상호기조보다 약 3 ppm 정도 낮았다. 또한 폐가스가습조의 용존 암모니아 농도는 실험 시작부터 1,500~2,000 ppm 사이의 높은 값을 유지하였는데, 이는 폐가스 가습조 내부에 있는 용수에 포함된 염화암모늄 및 기타 암모니아성 질소원에 기인한다고 간주된다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2008

Studies on visible-light-driven photocatalysis of air pollutants at indoor air quality (IAQ) levels have been limited. Current study investigated visible-light derived photocatalysis with N-doped and S-doped titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) for the control of benzene at indoor levels. Two preparation processes were employed for each of the two types of photocatalyst: urea-Degussa P-25 $TiO_2$ and titania-colloid methods for the N-doped $TiO_2$; and titanium isopropoxid- and tetraisopropoxide-thiourea methods for the S-doped $TiO_2$. Furthermore, two coating methods (EDTA- and acetylacetone-dissolving methods) were tested for both the N-doped and S-doped $TiO_2$. The two coating methods exhibited different photocatalytic degradation efficiency for the N-doped photocatalysts, whereas they did not exhibit any difference for the S-doped photocatalysts. In addition, the two doping processes showed different photocatalytic degradation efficiency for both the S-doped and N-doped photocatalysts. For both the N-doped and S-doped $TiO_2$, the photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) efficiency increased as the hydraulic diameter (HD) decreased. The degradation efficiency determined via a PCO system with visible-light induced $TiO_2$ was lower than that with UV-light induced unmodified $TiO_2$, which was obtained from previous studies. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that for the photocatalytic annular reactor with the HD of 0.5 cm, PCO efficiency increased up to 52% for the N-doped $TiO_2$ and 60% for the S-doped $TiO_2$. Consequently, when combined with the advantage of visible light use over UV light use, it is suggested that with appropriate HD conditions, the visible-light-assisted photocatalytic systems can also become an important tool for improving IAQ.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1215-1224
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• 2009

This study evaluated the applicability of visible-light-driven N- and S-doped titanium dioxide($TiO_2$) for the control of low-level dimethyl sulfide(DMS) and dimethyl disulfide(DMDS). In addition, a photocatalytic unit(PU)-adsorption hybrid was evaluated in order to examine the removal of DMS and DMDS which exited the PU and a gaseous photocatalytic byproduct($SO_2$) which was generated during the photocatalytic processes. Fourier-Tranform-Infrared(FTIR) spectrum exhibited different surface characteristics among the three-types of catalysts. For the N- and S-doped $TiO_2$ powders, a shift of the absorbance spectrum towards the visible-light region was observed. The absorption edge for both the N- and S-doped $TiO_2$ was shifted to $\lambda$ 720 nm. The N-doped $TiO_2$ was superior to the S-doped $TiO_2$ in regards to DMS degradation. Under low input concentration(IC) conditions(0.039 and 0.027 ppm for DMS and DMDS, respectively), the N-doped $TiO_2$ revealed a high DMS removal efficiency(above 95%), but a gradual decreasing removal efficiency under high IC conditions(7.8 and 5.4 ppm for DMS and DMDS, respectively). Although the hybrid system exhibited a superior characteristic to PU alone regarding the removal efficiencies of both DMS and DMDS, this capability decreased during the course of a photocatalytic process under the high IC conditions. The present study identified the generation of sulfate ion on the catalyst surface and sulfur dioxide(maximum concentrations of 0.0019 and 0.0074 ppm for the photocatalytic processes of DMS and DMDS, respectively) in effluent gas of PU. However, this generation of $TiO_2$ would be an insignificant addition to indoor air quality levels.