• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 1981

Polar lipids of the total lipid extracted from 4 representative varieties of barley grown in Korea and their corresponding malt were studied. The average content of glycolipids and phospholipids in barley were 8.9 and 17.3% and their average content of malt were 12.3 and 19.2%, respectively. Among the glycoliplds of the barley, digalactosyl diglycerides and monogalactosyl diglycerides were the major components, and the malts showed somewhat lower amounts of those components. Steryl glycosides and cerebrosides were the minor components of the glycolipids, and malts of the barley showed somewhat increased amounts of those components. Phosphatidyl cholines, lysophosphatidyl cholines, diphosphatidyl glycerols, and phosphatidyl ethanolamines were the major components of the phospholipids for the barley and represented 85 to 90% of the total phospholipids. The malts had lower amounts of phosphatidyl cholines and the lyso analog, and higher amounts of phosphatidyl ethnolamines and diphosphatidyl glycerols. The fatty acid composition in the glycolipids and phospholipids were similar to the pattern in those of the neutral lipids. But glycolipids and phospholipids fractions contained a higher percent of linoleic and palmitic acid than other lipid fractions, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.143-147
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Sorbus commixta Hedl. fruit extracts on the lipid metabolism in rats. Experimental groups were divided into 3 groups; Sprague-dawley rats were fed either diets containing 1% of water extracts(WE group), 1% methanol extracts(MeOH group) and diets without extracts(Control group) during 4 weeks. Food intake, weight gain and liver weight were not shown in meaning full difference among the groups. The concentration of serum triglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly decreased in WE and MeOH group compared to control group. Serum HDL-cholesterol, phospholipids and glucose contents were slightly lower in WE and MeOH group than control group. The levels of liver triglyceride was significantly decreased in MeOH group compared to control group. The levels of total cholesterol and phospholipids in liver were significantly lower in WE and MeOH group than control group.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.555-564
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• 2008

Essential fatty acids are important essential nutrients during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to compare fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids and essential fatty acid intakes between Korean pregnant women with a single baby and Korean pregnant women with twins. A total of 116 pregnant women who had maintained their health without any symptoms of pregnancy complications participated in the study. The subjects consisted of 57 women of singleton pregnancy and 58 women of twin pregnancy at the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd trimester of pregnancy. A 24-hour dietary recall was administered to each subject to obtain dietary information. The mean ages of the singleton pregnancy group and the twin pregnancy group were 31.44 years and 32.27 years, respectively, and the mean height values were 161.86 cm and 160.64 cm, respectively. The mean daily energy intakes in the singleton pregnancy group were 1639.95 kcal, 1904.71 kcal, and 1882.82 kcal for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester group, respectively. The mean daily energy intakes in the twin pregnancy group were 1745.99 kcal, 2203.46 kcal, and 2092.26 kcal for the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester group, respectively. There were no significant differences in the mean fatty acid intakes by the type of pregnancy (i.e., singleton vs. twins) and the stage of pregnancy (i.e., 1st vs. 2nd vs. 3rd trimester). However, the mean total fatty acid intake of those at the 1st trimester among the singleton pregnancy group tended to be higher than that of those at the 1st trimester among the twin pregnancy group. Such a trend seemed to be retro-versed. That is, the mean total fatty acid intakes of the twin pregnancy group were higher compared to the singleton pregnancy group for the 2nd and 3rd trimester group. The LA and total n6 concentrations of serum phospholipids of the singleton pregnancy group were significantly higher as the gestational age increased(p<0.05). The $\alpha-LNA$(p<0.05), EPA(p<0.05), and total n3(p<0.001) concentrations of serum phospholipids of the twin pregnancy group were significantly lower as the gestational age increased. The $\alpha-LNA$ concentrations of serum phospholipids in the singleton pregnancy group at the 3rd trimester were significantly higher than that in the twin pregnancy group at the same trimester(p<0.05). The serum phospholipids levels of AA and DHA of the twin pregnancy group were generally higher compared to those of the singleton pregnancy group. Particularly the differences reached at the level of statistical significance for those at the 1st trimester(p<0.01). It is concluded that the study findings imply that fatty acid metabolism may meaningfully differ by the type and stage of pregnancy. Future research needs to be conducted to more elucidate grounding etiology and possible roles of dietary fatty acid intake levels in relation to the study findings.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.246-246
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• 1989

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1441-1446
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• 2009

Composition of intramuscular lipids, phospholipid classes and phospholipid molecular species in traditional Chinese duck meat products was investigated. Free fatty acids and phospholipids were identified and quantified by gas and high performance liquid chromatography, and phospholipid molecular species were determined by mass spectrometry. The results showed that raw duck meat had high quantities of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The percentages of phospholipid classes decreased during three kinds of processing of duck meat products. A selective degradation of phospholipid molecular species with polyunsaturated fatty acids was found in dry-cured duck, but was not found in roasted and water-boiled duck products.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.58-65
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate active constituents of Bombysis corpus on the neurite outgrowth from PCl2 cells led to isolate three phospholipids (4 6) and three aromatic amines (13) were obtained from the methanol extract of Bombycis corpus. Based on spectral data, their structures have been elucidated as nicotiamide (1), cytidine (2), adenine (3), 1-O-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-O-(8Z, 11Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine(4), 1, 2-di-O-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine(5) and 1, 2-di-O-9Z-octadecenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine(6). (omitted)

• KSBB Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.271-279
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• 1991

Phosphatidylglycerol(PG) and two unnatural phospholipids, phosphatidylethyleneglycol (PEG) and phosphatidylpropyleneglycol(PPG), were synthesized from ovolecithin using cabbage phospholipase D(PLD) in a emulsion system. Optimum pH and temperature for the enzymatic synthesis of PG, PEG and PPG in the emulsion system was 5.0-5.6 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The maximum activity for transphosphatidylation was obtained with 30-80 mM Ca++. Addition of 25% glycerol was required to convert completely ovolecithin to PG, whereas 16% glycerol was sufficient to attain the highest rate of conversion for both PEG and PPG syntheses, the highest conversion rate was obtained with addition of either 10% ethyleneglycol or propyleneglycol. However, the concentration of alcoholic acceptor should be increased up to 20% to improve selectivity up to 100% for PEG or PPG synthesis. Identification of PEG and PPG was made by analyzing the polyvalent alcohols released after their hydrolysis by HCl or PLD.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 1969

(1) Control values of the hepatic lipids of mouse analysed by means of thin-layer chromatography were as follows: Total cholesterol $5.23{\pm}0.46\;mg/g$ Free cholesterol $4.29{\pm}1.23\;mg/g$ Esterified cholesterol $0.94{\pm}0.30\;mg/g$ Triglycerides $15.56{\pm}1.84\;mg/g$ Free fatty acids $1.26{\pm}0.56\;mg/g$ Phospholipids $29.84{\pm}6.11\;mg/g$ Total lipids $62.44{\pm}12.13\;mg/g$ (2) The garlic administration brought significant elevations in the hepatic contents of free and esterified cholesterds, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids in the mouse, when it was injected in excess (2%, 10% suspension) intraperitoneally. (3) The total hepatic lipids of mouse were increased in corelation with the amount of the garlic administered to the animals. (4) A brief discussion was made on the results obtained.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.330-340
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• 1987

Young mae rats were fed fro 4 weeks on different experimental diets containing 8%(w/w) fat ; sardine oil, soybean oil and lard. In the sarine oil group, total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations inplasma were significantly lower than in the soybean oil and lard group. The proportion of $\omega$-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids were significantly higher in the sarine oil-fed animals. by sardine oil ingestion, lipid peroxide levels inthe plasma and liver were elevated while $\alpha$tocopherol concentrations were lowered, compared to the other groups. However, erythrocyte osmotic fragility was unaffected by the different fat diets.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.48-55
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• 1995

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor for the detection of odorants has been constructed by depositing various phospholipids and fatty acids onto the surface of the SAW device. The characteristics of a SAW device operating at 310 MHz deposited with silicon monoxide were analyzed. Menthone, amylacetate, acetoin, and other organic gases show different affinities to the coated lipids. An explanation is given for different odorant affinities based on the monolayer properties of phospholipids. The identification of odorants depending on the tkpe of lipid used for coating is discussed in terms of the similarity of their normalized resonant frequency shift patterns. Using a number of different lipid-coated SAW devices, odorants can be identified by a computerized pattern recognition algorithm.