• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.315-321
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• 1997

Peroxidase activities and isozyme patte군 of the pine needles (Pinus densiflora) were examined and compared in the coastal regions of Anmyum-Do(Choongnam, Taean-Gun) and inland regions of Shinchang-Myun(Choongnam, Asan-City). The pine needle peroxidase from Anmyum-Do showed approximately three times higher specfic activity than Shinchang pine needle peroxidase. The pine needle extracts of Anmyun-Do and Shinchang contained three anionic isoperoxidases, named A1, A2 and A3, when subjected to starch gel electrophoresis at pH 7.0. Cjationic isoperoxidases could not be found in both extracts., However, there existed unique isoperoxidase An only from the extracts of Anmyun-Do pine needles under the salinary environment. Moreover, the specific activities of catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Anmyun-Do, known for the inducible enzymes under the stress condition, were about 1.8 times higher than those of Shinchang pine needles. However, the specific activities of other enzymes did not show great differences between the two regions. Considering the above results of the higher specific activity of peroxidase and the unique expression of isoperoxidase An, pine needle peroxidase might involve in the defence mechanism against the salinary stress of Anmyun-Do.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2011

Tocopherols belong to the plant-derived poly phenolic compounds known for antioxidant functions in plants and animals. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) is a common reaction of plant cells in defense-related signal transduction pathways. We report a novel non-antioxidant function of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol in higher plants linking the physiological role of tocopherol with stress signalling pathways. Pre-incubation of a low concentration of $50{\mu}M$ ${\alpha}$-tocopherol negatively interferes with MAPK activation in elicitor-treated tobacco BY2 suspension culture cells and wounded tobacco leaves, whereas pre-incubated BY2 cells with ${\alpha}$-tocopherol phosphate did not show the inhibitory effect on stimuli-induced MAPK activation. The decreased MAPK activity was neither due to a direct inhibitory effect of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol nor due to the induction of an inhibitory or inactivating activity directly affecting MAPK activity. The data support that the target of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol negatively regulates an upstream component of the signaling pathways that leads to stress dependent MAPK activation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.414-414
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• 2021

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.119-119
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• 2017

Growth related to morphological and proteome response under waterlogging stress in sorghum has not yet been elucidated. Understanding how plants respond to waterlogging, the present study was conducted in seedlings leaf of the Nam-pung chal cultivar. Regarding 3-leaf stage of sorghum, stem length and plant height were slightly decreased in the treatments during ten days of waterlogging, and chlorophyll contents were also significantly different from 7 days of waterlogging treatment. The results observed from the present study were considered to be influenced by the waterlogging stress more in the $5^{th}$ leaf stage of the growth period of the sorghum, and as the waterlogging treatment progressed, the waterlogging stress gradually influenced the growth difference between the control and the treatment respectively. Using 2-DE method, a total of 74 differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed using LTQ-FT-ICR MS. Of these proteins, 45 proteins were up-regulated in the treatment group, and 32 proteins were down-regulated. Analysis of LTQ-FI-ICR MS showed that about 50% of the proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolic process, metabolic process, and cellular metabolic compound salvage were affected by stress. Malate dehydrogenase protein and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein related to carbohydrate metabolic process increased the level of protein expression in both 3 and 5-leaf stage under waterlogging stress. The increased abundance of these proteins may play an active role in response to waterlogging stress. These results provide new insights into the morphological alteration and modulation of differentially expressed proteins in sorghum cultivar.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

이 논문의 목적은 시멘트 층 내의 응력분포에 대해 금관의 물성과 시멘트의 물성 및 교합력의 방향이 미치는 영향을 이차원 유한요소분석으로 조사하는 것이다. Chamfer 변연을 가지는 23개의 하악 제1대구치 모델을 상정하였다. 금관의 재질은 제 3형 금합금, Ni-Cr 합금, 세라믹, 복합레진 등 4가지이며, 시멘트의 재질은 인산 아연 시멘트와 글라스 아이오노머 시멘트 등 2가지이다. 치축과 평행하게 또는 경사지게 하여 1N 단위로 금관에 하중을 가했다. 시멘트층의 응력은 금관 변연이 다른 곳보다 더 높았다. 치축에 평행한 하중이 치축에 경사진 하중보다 더 높은 응력을 발생시켰다. 경도가 더 큰 금관은 시멘트 층 내에서 더 높은 응력을 나타냈으며, 더 높은 응력은 더 큰 Young's modulus을 나타냈다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권7호
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• pp.456-461
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• 2009

Proteomic analyses of differentially expressed proteins in rat retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5) following S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), an NO donor, treatment were conducted. Of the approximately 314 protein spots that were detected, 19 were differentially expressed in response to treatment with GSNO. Of these, 14 proteins were up-regulated and 5 were down- regulated. Notably, an increase in GAPDH expression following GSNO treatment was detected in RGC-5 cells through Western blotting as well as proteomics. The increased GAPDH expression in response to GSNO treatment was accompanied by an increase in Herc6 protein, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Moreover, GSNO treatment resulted in the translocation of GADPH from the cytosol to the nucleus and its subsequent accumulation. These results suggest that NO stress-induced apoptosis may be associated with the nuclear translocation and accumulation of GAPDH in RGC-5 cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.415-418
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• 2000

Productivity of a rice plant is greatly influenced by salt stress. One of the ways to achieve tolerance to salinity is to transfer genes encoding protective enzymes from other organisms, such as microorganisms. The bacterial gene, mtlD, which encodes mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (Mtl-DH), was introduced to the cytosol of a rice plant by an imbibition technique to overproduce mannitol. The germination and survival rate of the imbibed rice seeds were markedly increased by transferring the mtlD gene when it was delivered in either a pBIN19 or pBmin binary vector. When a polymerase chain reaction was performed with the genomic DNAs of the imbibed rice leaves as a template and with mtlD-specific primers, several lines were shown to contain an exogenous mtlD DNA. However, a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that not all of them showed an expression of this foreign gene. This paper demonstrates that the growth and germination of rice plants transiently transformed with the bacterial gene, mtlD, are enhanced and these enhancements may have resulted from the experssion of the mtlD gene. The imbibition method empolyed in this study fulfills the requirements for testing the function of such a putative gene in vivo prior to the production of a stable transgenic plant.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.260-270
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• 2012

Objectives : Hippocampus, a region of temporal lobe, plays an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms of brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, depression and temporal lobe epilepsy. This research is designed to investigate hippocampal changes after acupuncture stimulation at Shinmun(HT7) using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE). Methods : On postnatal-day 15, rat pups were randomly devided into Normal(NOR) or HT7 group. All of Pups kept with their mothers for 7 days, but pups in HT7 group received acupuncture stimulation at HT7 daily. On postnatal-day 21, hippocampus of each rat pup was dissceted 30 minutes after last acupuncture stimulation and the protein expressions were investigated using 2-DE. Results : After acupuncture stimulation at HT7, expression of 20 proteins were significantly increased. Succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-like, transketolase, aconitate hydratase and phosphoglucomutase-1 were related to glucose methabolism. Eukaryotic initiation factor(eIF) 4A-II, eIF 4A-III, mitochondrial Tu translation elongation factor and chain A of crystal structure of the 70-Kda heat shock cognate protein involve in the protein synthesis in ribosome. Tubulin ${\beta}$-4 chain, tubulin T ${\beta}$-15 and tubulin ${\alpha}$-1B chain comprise cytoskeleton. Glutathione S-transferase(GST) ${\omega}$-1, GST P and GST Yb-3 can reduce oxidative stress. ${\beta}$-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein is required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase plays a major role in lipid biosynthesis, creatine kinase U-type catalyses the conversion of creatine and consumes adenosine triphosphate to create phosphocreatine and adenosine diphosphate. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha and voltage depedent anion-selective channel protein 2 were also increased. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture stimulation at HT7 may enhance glucose and lipid metabolism, protein synthesis, cytoskeletal substance and anti-oxidative stress in hippocampus.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.392-400
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• 2010

The electrospinning process was established as a promising method to fabricate nano and micro-textured scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. A BCP-loaded PCL micro-textured scaffold thus can be a viable option. The biocompatibility as well as the mechanical properties of such scaffold materials should be optimized for this purpose. In this study, a composite scaffold of poly ($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) (PCL)-biphase calcium phosphate (BCP) was successfully fabricated by electrospinning. EDS and XRD data show successful loading of BCP nano particles in the PCL fibers. Morphological characterization of fibers shows that with a higher loaded BCP content the fiber surface was rougher and the diameter was approximately 1 to 7 ${\mu}m$. Tensile modulus and ultimate tensile stress reached their highest values in the PCL- 10 wt% BCP composite. When content of nano ceramic particles was low, they were dispersed in the fibers as reinforcements for the polymer matrix. However, at a high content of ceramic particles, the particles tend to agglomerate and lead to decreasing tensile modulus and ultimate stress of the PCL-BCP composite mats. Therefore, the use of nano BCP content for distribution in fiber polymer using BCP for reinforcement is limited. Tensile strain decreased with increasing content of BCP loading. From in vitro study using MG-63 osteoblast cells and L-929 fibroblast like cells, it was confirmed that electrospun PCL-BCP composite mats were biocompatible and that spreading behavior was good. As BCP content increased, the area of cell spreading on the surface of the mats also increased. Cells showed the best adherence on the surface of composite mats at 50 wt% BCP for both L-929 fibroblast-like cells and MG-63 osteoblast cell. PCL- BCP composites are a promising material for application in bone scaffolds.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.140-146
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• 1994

A. pullulans로부터 polyol 생산 특성을 검토하기 위하여 탄소원, 수분활성의 영향을 검토하였다. 생산된 polyol 중에서 mannitol이 주성분이었고 소량의 glycerol이 함께 생산되었다. 검토된 탄소원 중 sucrose, glucose, fructose, mannose를 단일 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때 mannitol을 생산할 수 있었으며, 20% sucrose 배지에서 polyol 생산량이 최대였고 이때 대당 mannitol의 수율($Yp_{p/s}$)은 0.227이었다 두 종류의 유용한 탄소원인 glucose와 sucrose에 대한 초기기질농도에 대한 $Yp_{p/s}$는 거의 일정한 값을 보여, 일반적인 내삼투성 미생물과는 달리 첨가된 염(NaCl, KCI)의 농도가 증가할수록, 즉 수분활성이 낮은 조건에서는 오히려 mannitol의 생산량이 낮아졌으며, 상대적으로, glycerol의 양은 증가하였다 실험결과를 종합해 볼 때, A. pullulans에 의한 polyol 중, glycer이의 경우는 다른 내삼투성 미생물의 경우와 같이 생산되지만, mannitol의 경우는 sucrose, glucose 등의 유용한 탄소원들의 대사과정 중에 인산화경로(phosphate pathway)과 환원효소작용(enzymatic dehydrogenation)을 통해 생성되는 발효산물 이라는 결론을 얻었다.