• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2017

PURPOSE. To evaluate the adhesion to CAD/CAM feldspathic blocks by failure analysis and shear bond strength test (SBSt) of different restorative systems and different surface treatments, for purpose of moderate chipping repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A self-adhering flowable composite (Vertise Flow, Kerr) containing bi-functional phosphate monomers and a conventional flowable resin composite (Premise Flow, Kerr) applied with and without adhesive system (Optibond Solo Plus, Kerr) were combined with three different surface treatments (Hydrofluoric Acid Etching, Sandblasting, combination of both) for repairing feldspathic ceramics. Two commercial systems for ceramic repairing were tested as controls (Porcelain Repair Kit, Ultradent, and CoJet System, 3M). SBSt was performed and failure mode was evaluated using a digital microscope. A One-Way ANOVA (Tukey test for post hoc) was applied to the SBSt data and the Fisher's Exact Test was applied to the failure analysis data. RESULTS. The use of resin systems containing bi-functional phosphate monomers combined with hydrofluoric acid etching of the ceramic surface gave the highest values in terms of bond strength and of more favorable failure modalities. CONCLUSION. The simplified repairing method based on self-adhering flowable resin combined with the use of hydrofluoric acid etching showed high bond strength values and a favorable failure mode. Repairing of ceramic chipping with a self-adhering flowable resin associated with hydrofluoric acid etching showed high bond strength with a less time consuming and technique-sensitive procedure compared to standard procedure.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was (i) to determine whether protease inhibition by medium chain fatty acids such as sodium caprate, sodium caprylate and sodium laurate led to suppression of insulin proteolysis over a range of insulin concentrations and (ii) elucidate preventing effect of the enhancers on molecular self-association of insulin in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer isotonic solution. To this end, the rate of insulin proteolysis in nasal tissue supernatants of the albino rabbits was determined in the presence of $0.1{\sim}2%$ sodium caprylate, sodium caprate and sodium laurate at insulin concentrations ranging from $5\;to\;100\;{\mu}M$. At fatty acid salts concentration lower than 0.5%, insulin proteolysis was accelerated but the enhancers of high concentration (>1%) reduced the rate of insulin proteolysis. These effects were dependent upon insulin concentration and chain length of fatty acid salts. Circular dichroism spectra of insulin solutions were then determined. Monomer fraction of insulin was increased with increasing sodium caprate. Therefore, half-life decrease of insulin at low concentrations of the enhancers was attributed to deaggregation of insulin by the enhancers, increasing the proportion of monomers available for nasal proteolysis. And the increase of half-life at high concentration of the enhancers was attributed to inhibitory effect on protease rather than the effect of monomer fraction.

• 폴리머
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.782-788
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• 2001

$[Ru(v-bpy)_3]^{2+}$와 vinylbenzoic acid(vba)의 공중합 피막전극에 dopamine을 반응시켜 수식된 전극을 제작하고 이 고분자의 중합속도와 산화-환원 및 전자전달 특성을 연구하였다. 두 단량체의 몰비가 5:2일 때 공중합속도 상수는 $1.84{ imes}10^{-2}s^{-1}$이고 중합된 피막상에서 두 성분비는 5:1.68이였다. GC/p-$[Ru(V-bpy)_3]^{2+}$/vba-dopamine형의 수식된 전극에서 hydroquinone=quinone+$2H^+2e^-$의 전극반응에 의한 형식전위는 인산염완충용액(pH=7.10)에서 0.17 V이며, 전기촉매반응에서 속도상수($K_{ch}{Gamma}$)는 $2.58{ imes}10^5cms^{-1}$로서 수식되기 전보다 2.41배 큰 값이다. EQCM법에 의한 산화-환원과정에서 질량변화는 수식되기 전보다 $3.28{ imes}10^3$$gmol^{-1}$ 더 크다.