• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2006

시설재배지내 염류와 인산이 집적된 토양(Total-P; $2140mg\;kg^{-1}$)에서 이온간 경쟁에 의한 인산의 유효도를 증진효과 조사하기 위해 현장 작물재배시험을 실시하였다. 규산의 인산유효도 증진효과를 알아보기 위해 규산을 처리하지 않은 삼요소구(NPK)를 대비구로 하여, 인산무시용 조건에서 규산질비료를 세수준(0, 2, $4Mg\;ha^{-1}$) 처리하여 비교하였다. 인산을 시용한 삼요소구에 비해 인산을 무처리하고 규산을 처리시 배추의 생육과 수량은 크게 증대되었다. 특히 인산을 무처리하고 규산을 $4Mg\;ha^{-1}$ 처리시 삼요구에 비해 약 25%의 수량증대가 확인되었다. 식물체내 인산함량은 처리간 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 규산 처리량 증가에 따른 수량증대로 인산 흡수량이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 규산질비료 시용량 증가에 따라 토양 중 유효인산함량의 유의적 증가가 하였으며, 토양의 유효규산과 식물체의 규산함량간($r=0.76^{**}$), 그리고 식물체 규산함량과 배추 수량간($r=0.78^{**}$)에는 고도의 정의 상관관계가 확인되어 시용규산이 토양 내 인산의 유효도 증진과 작물의 인산흡수량 증가에 직접적 효과가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 규산질비료 처리량이 증가함에 따라 식물체의 인산 흡수량 증가로 인해 시험 후 토양 중 Total-P 함량은 다소 감소하였으나, 유효인산 함량에는 큰 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 시험 전 토양과 비교할 때 배추수확 후 토양 내 전 인산 함량 감소는 주로 Ca-P 함량 감소로부터 기인된 것으로 조사되었다. 결과적으로 인산 집적지 토양에 규산질비료의 적절한 시용은 인산의 유효도를 증진시켜 작물의 수량을 증대시키고, 인산시비량 감축에 따른 인산집적을 크게 감소시킬 수 있을 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 1975

Volcanic Ash Soils are widely distributed in Jeju island, and constitute the important upland soils which are either presently being cultivated or are suitable for reclaiming. The characteristics of Volcanic Ash Soils according to data made available by previous studies in Jeju and the outside of the country are as following: The most conspicuous mineralogical property is the presence of amorphous mineral colloids. The colloids have large and highly reactive surface to which the common physical and chemical properties are related. Soils are low in bulk density and higher both in porosity and permeability. Accumulation of humus in the upper part of soil is found in great quantity. Cation exchange capacity is high mainly due to high humus content, but the absorbing intensity of ammonium and potassium is weaker than that of crystalline clays. The phosphate absorption coefficient is extremely high and deficiency of minor element may occur both crops and animals. Soils are densely populated with actinomycetes and anaerobic bacteria. Nitrification and activity of urease are distinctly stronger than that of non-Volcanic Ash Soils.

• 한국식품영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양학회 2000년도 춘계학술심포지엄
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• pp.13-20
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• 2000

Melatonin, a chemical mediator produced in the mammalian pineal gland and several other organ, is a ubiquitously acting antioxidant. It has been shown to scavenge the hydroxyl radical (ㆍOH), singlet oxygen ($^1$O$_2$) and the peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-). In addition, melatonin reportedly stimulates a number of antioxidative enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Antioxidative effect of melatonin in pharmacological and physiological level was investigated using hepatocarcinogen 2-nitropropane (2-NP) and pinealectornized (Px) rats, respectively. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) as indicated by malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals and DNA damage as indicated by 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) induced by 2-NP were prevented by melatonin. The degree of LPO and DNA damage in Px rats were higher than those of intact old and young ones suggesting the removal of pineal gland resulted in higher accumulation of oxidative damage.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.322-328
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• 2007

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is the most common inborn error of urea cycle metabolism; it is inherited in an X-linked manner. The OTC catalyzes the third step of the urea cycle, the conversion of ornithine and carbamyl phosphate to citrulline. Deficiency of OTC leads to the accumulation of ammonia, causing neurological deficits. In most affected hemizygote males, OTC deficiency manifests as hyperammonemic coma that often leads to death in the newborn period, and those who recover from the coma may be neurologically impaired due to the sequelae of the hyperammonemic encephalopathy. In some, late-onset manifestations develop. We report a male neonate with early onset OT deficiency that had apnea and was comatous. On mutation analysis using DNA sequencing after polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 10 exons, deletions of 10 bases in codon 285, causing a frame shift was detected in exon 8. The mother and a sister were diagnosed as female carriers. Therefore, genetic counseling and the risk assessment could be provided to the family.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.174-181
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• 2017

Ferroptosis is a newly recognized type of cell death that results from iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and is different from other types of cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagic cell death. This type of cell death is characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage with an increased mitochondrial membrane density and outer mitochondrial membrane rupture. Ferroptosis can be induced by a loss of activity of system $X_c{^-}$ and the inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4, followed by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, inactivation of the mevalonate and transsulfuration pathways is involved in the induction of ferroptosis. Moreover, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and p53 promote ferroptosis by increasing ROS production, while heat shock protein beta-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 inhibit ferroptosis by reducing iron uptake. This article outlines the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of ferroptosis regulation, and explains the roles of ferroptosis in human disease.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권12호
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• pp.782-786
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• 2011

Aberrant GAPDH expression following S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) treatment was compared in HepG2 cells, which express functional p53, and Hep3B cells, which lack functional p53. The results of Western blotting and fluorescent immunocytochemistry revealed that nuclear translocation and accumulation of GAPDH occur in both HepG2 and Hep3B cells. This finding suggests that p53 may not be necessary for the GSNO-induced translocation of GAPDH to the nucleus during apoptotic cell death in hepatoma cells.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.172-180
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• 1993

시설재배(施設栽培) 지역(地域)의 염류집적 실태(實態)를 조사하고 합리적인 시비법과 토양관리(土壤管理)의 기초자료로 활용(活用)하고자 충북지방(忠北地方)의 하우스 시설재배지중(施設栽培地中)에서 청주 분평동, 신촌동, 충주 칠금동 및 중원군 가금면 지역에 대하여 토양 화학성(化學性)을 조사(調査)하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시설재배지(施設栽培地) 토양의 화학성분들은 인근 노지(露地)에 비하여 훨씬 높은 함량을 보였으며 전기전도도 4.0 mmhos/cm 이상 및 유효인산 1,000ppm 이상인 포장이 조사된 포장중의 절반이상 이었다. 2. 토양중 유효인산과 치환성칼륨 함량은 경작년수(耕作年數)와 관련되며 축적량(蓄積量)이 증가되어 지역별로는 청주 분평동>신촌동${\geq}$증원 가금면>충주 칠금동의 순(順)이었고 시설제거후(施設除去後) 강우에 따른 감소정도가 $NO_3$-N보다 적어서 토양중 낯은 이동성(移動性)을 보였다. 3. 토양중 $NO_3$-N 함량은 시설재배지에서 현저히 높았으며 지역별 함량분포는 유효인산에서와 동일한 경향(傾向)으로 경작년수(耕作年數)가 오래된 지역에서 높은 수준을 나타냈으나 작물 수확후 시설(施設)을 제거(除去)했을때 뚜렷한 감소를 보여 토양 하층으로의 용탈량이 많을 것으로 예상(豫想)되었다. 4. 1992년의 화학성분들은 1988~1990년 보다 모두 현저히 증가되는 경향을 보였고 특히 시설재배 경작년수(耕作年數)가 오래된 청주 분평동과 신촌동에서 증가정도가 뚜렷하였다. 5. 시설재배지역(施設栽培地域)의 토양중 염류의 집적(集積)은 해가 갈수록 심화(深化)되는 경향이었으며 작물 생육과정에서의 염류장해(鹽類障害)와 품질저하(品質低下) 그리고 지하수의 염류오염(鹽類汚染)을 방지(防止)하기 위하여 토양검정(土壤檢定)에 의한 비료물질(肥料物質)의 투입량이 조절(調節)되어야 할것으로 생각되었다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Chowiseungcheng-tang extracts on the preadipocytes proliferation in 3T3-L1 cell line, lipolysis of adipocytes in rat's epididymal adipocytes and localized fat accumulation of porcine by extraction methods(alcohol and water). Methods : Diminish preadipocytes proliferation and promote lipolysis of adipocytes do primary role to reduce obesity. So, we used 3T3-L1 mouse embryo fibroblasts(preadipocytes) and rat epididymal adipocytes from Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate the effects of Chowiseungcheng-tang extracts on the preadipocytes proliferation, lipolysis of adipocytes. They were treated with 0.01, 0.1, $1.0mg/m{\ell}$ Chowiseungcheng-tang alcohol and water extracts. And for the purpose of investigating the effects of Chowiseungcheng-tang alcohol and water extracts on the localized fat accumulation, we injected 0.1, 1.0, $10.0mg/m{\ell}$ Chowiseungcheng-tang extracts to porcine fat tissues and observed histological changes of them. Results : Following results were obtained from the preadipocytes proliferation and lipolysis of adipocytes and histological investigation of fat tissues. 1. Chowiseungcheng-tang extracts suppressed preadipocytes proliferation on the high dosage(especially $1.0mg/m{\ell}$), and especially alcohol extracts had better effects. 2. The alcohol extracts of Chowiseungcheng-tang decreased the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) on the concentrations of 0.1, $1.0mg/m{\ell}$. Alcohol extracts had better effects than water extracts. 3. Chowiseungcheng-tang extracts increased lipolysis of adipocytes on the concentrations of 0.1, $1.0mg/m{\ell}$, and especially on the concentration of $1.0mg/m{\ell}$ alcohol extract of Chowiseungcheng-tang had better effect. 4. The water extract of Chowiseungcheng-tang had significant activity to the destruction of porcine fat cell membranes only on the concentration of $10.0mg/m{\ell}$, but alcohol extracts of Chowiseungcheng-tang had it on all concentrations. Conclusions : The alcohol extracts of Chowiseungcheng-tang had much better effects on the preadipoeytes proliferaton, lipolysis of adipocytes and localized fat accumulation than water extracts.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.47-64
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• 1987

Morphological difference of the renal glomerulus at different age groups have been studied in young (three month-old), adult (twelve month-old) and old (thirty month-old) Fisher strain 344 rats. Pieces of the tissues were taken from renal corticies prefixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde (0.1 M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3), following by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide (0.1 M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3) and embedded within Araldite. The ultrathin sections contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed under a JEM 100CX electron microscope. The mean thickness of glomerular basal lamina and Bowman's capsule were determined by measuring the thinnest portion of basal lamina, and by taking the average of 50 readings from electron micrographs at different ages. The numerical changes of the slit pores were compared based upon the numbers over the length of 10um of glomerular basal lamina. The results were as follow: 1. The thickness of glomerular basal lamina is increased during aging; 140.4 nm in young rats, 270.0 nm in adult ones, and 437.8 nm in old ones. 2. The thickness of basal lamina of parietal cells of Bowman's capsule is 187.5 nm in young rats, 914.0 nm in adult ones, and 2850.0 nm in old ones. 3. The numbers of the slit pores of basal lamina are reduced during aging, 30.3 slit pores/$10{\mu}m$ in adult ones, and 24.2 slit pores/$10{\mu}m$ in old ones. 4. Accumulation of dense intracytoplasmic filamentous material in the parietal cells of Bowman's capsule is increased in the vicinity of the basal lamina during aging. The proximal tubule-like epithelial cell in Bowman's capsule is observed at one glomerulus in a young rat. 5. The endothelial cells are edematous and form balloon-like structure protruding into capillary lumen in young and old rats. 6. Cytoplasm of the podocyte shows a variety of alteration during aging, such as swelling of mitochondria and of endoplasmic reticulum, and increase of microtubules, microfilaments, lysosomes and lamellated myelin structures, etc. Accumulation of dense intracytoplasmic material in the foot processes is increased in the vicinity of the basal lamina during aging. The podocytic membrane-like structures are seen in young and o]d rats. 7. The mesangial matrices and mesangial cells are increased during aging, and slight swelling of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi cisternae in young and old rats.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2000

본 연구는 인산 축적능이 뛰어난 균주를 분자 육종하여 생물학적 폐수처리 및 토양의 인산 집적을 해결시키는 산업적 유용한 재료로 이용하기 위한 기초연구를 목표로 하고 있다. Polyphosphate kinase의 ATP의 phosphate를 단리하여 한분자씩 결합시키는 형태로 polyphosphate의 합성반응을 촉매한다. 인산 축적에 관한 대사과정의 분자적 이해를 위하여 Serratia marcescens균주로부터 Southern hybridization방법으로 ppk를 암호하는 유전자를 찾아내어 새조합시킨 pDH3를 구축하였다. pDH3으로부터 ppk를 암호하는 유전자 영역의 4.0 kb 단편을 가진 subclone을 작성하였다.Serratia marcescens의 polyphosphate kinase의 활성은 catabolite repression에 의한 조절을 받았다. 발현멕타에 삽입시킨 재조합 플라스미드를 대장균에 도입시킨 결과, polyphosphate kinase의 효소활성이 크게 증가됨을 확인 하였다. 또한 대량 발현시킨 결과를 SDS-PAGE를 통하여 75 KDa의 발현산물을 확인할 수 있었다.