• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.844-851
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• 2004

Efficient mammalian erythropoietin (EPO)-expression systems are required for therapeutic applications. The accumulation of ammonia is a major problem in the production of recombinant proteins in cultured animal cells. To counter this problem we introduced the first two genes of the urea cycle, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CPSI) and ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC), into IBE Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells by stable transfection. The resulting cell line, CO5, had a higher growth rate and accumulated less ammonia per cell than the parental cell line, IBE. In addition, it produced 2 times more EPO than the parent, and the purified EPO contained a higher proportion of acidic isoforms with approximately 15% more sialic acid.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.131-135
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• 1984

The determination of Sr-90 in 93 Korean vertebrae was carried out using modified method of tri-n-butyl phosphate extraction. As a result, the average content of Sr-90 in Korean vertebrae was 2.29 pCi/g Ca in the female and 1.73 pCi/g Ca in the male and the average level of both sexes was 2.01 pCi/g Ca, which was slightly higher than those of other countries. On the other hand, the Sr-90 injected into intraperitonal cavity of rat was accumulated in bones mostly and distributed evenly to various types of hones. The rate of accumulation and removal was not dependent on the amount of Sr-90 injected and over one half Sr-90 injected was accumulated in bones within one day and then it was removed gradually after two days from the injection.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.263-270
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• 1995

Creatine(Cr) and phosphocreatine(PCr), the important mediators of intracellular high-energy phosphate buffer system, were found in the tissues of mouse seminal vesicle and also in the extracellular fluids of seminal vesicle secretion. This study was performed m confirm that the secretion and accumulation of Cr and PCr is regulated by testosterone and its $5{\alpha}$-reduced metabolite, $5{\alpha}$-dihydrotestosterone(DHT). In addition, the effect of nandrolone decanoate(ND), a synthetic anabolic steroid, on the levels of Cr and PCr in the seminal vesicle was compared with those of testosterone propionate(TP) and DHT. Male Swiss-Webster mice were castrated and three groups of the castrates were treated with daily injection(sc) of same molar dose($1.45{\times}10^{-8}mol/g\;BW$) of TP, DHT, or ND. All three androgens rapidly increased weights of seminal vesicle tissue and fluid, and also increased concentrations of Cr and PCr in the tissue and fluid. However, ND was least effective in increasing seminal vesicle weights, whereas ND was as effective as, or in some cases, more effective than, TP or DHT in increasing Cr and PCr levels in the tissue and fluid. The results confirm that the accumulation of Cr and PCr in the seminal vesicles is regulated by testosterone and DHT, and also suggest that the effects of androgens on seminal vesicle growth and secretory activity may be differentiated.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 1995

Determination method of trace thioglycolate has been studied by adsorptive stripping voltammetry. Copper(II)-thioglycolate complex is adsorbed at the hanging mercury drop electrode and stripped during cathodic scan. Electrolyte was used pH 6.5 phosphate and pH 9.5 borate buffer solutions. Optimal conditions were a copper(II) concentration $1{\times}10^{-4}M$, an adsorption accumulation potential -0.2V, an adsorption accumulation time 60 sec and a scan rate 20mV/sec. A detection limit of $1{\times}10^{-9}M$ thioglycolate was obtained. The method was applied to the determination of thioglycolate in cold wave fluids and depilating creams.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1993

The quantitative determination of trace cyanide ion in the presence of sulfide ion has been studied by addition of cupric ion using differential pulse Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry. The detection limit of cyanide ion in the presence of $5.0*10^{-5}M$ sulfide ion and $1.0*10^{-3}M$ cupric ion was $2.0*10^{-7}M$ in KCI-Phosphate buffer(pH=7.0) at accumulation potential -0.30V and accumulation time 3.0 min.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 1999

The degree of pesticides accumulation in tap water in Taejon from June 1995 to Apr 1996 was measured by Ellman's coupled enzyme assay. Since organic phosphate and carbamate pesticides specifically inhibit the neurotransmitter modulating enzyme acetylcholinesterase(AChE), the enzyme activity can be used as a diagnosis for the pesticides accumulation in water and various samples. During the period of this study, the enzyme activity was changed almost every week. The lowest enzyme activity was 64 % of that of the control reaction and there are several days showing about 100 % enzyme activity. In general, the enzyme activity is higher in summer than other seasons especially early spring times. The pH value of tap water was very close to neutral(pH 7.0) and it seems that the enzyme activity was not affected by the small pH changes. Either boiling of tap water or addition of NaOH solution decomposed the pesticide components. These results show that AChE assay is a convenient, sensitive, and reliable method for detection of pesticides in water samples.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.145-150
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• 2007

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces fat deposition in several mammalian species. The proposed mechanisms for this effect are reduced preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation. The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of diglyceride (DG), CLA, DG-CLA of proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cell viability was determined using WST-8 analysis and cell differentiation was determined by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity. Lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells was measured by Oil red O staining. The proliferation of preconfluent 3T3-L1 cells by treatments of DG, CLA, and DG-CLA was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. CLA among them was the most effective in reduction of viable cells with increasing concentrations. Treatments of the DG, CLA, and DG-CLA at the concentration of $100{\cdot}\ddot{I}g/ml$ for 48h significantly inhibited differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells (p<0.05). In addition. cytoplasmic lipid accumulation during differentiation of the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was also inhibited by treatments of the test solutions. DG-CLA was the most effective in the inhibition of differentiation and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. These results indicate that the DG including CLA as fatty acids is more effective for anti-obesity than DG or CLA alone and that consumption of DG-CLA as a dietary oil may give a benefit for controlling overweight in humans.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2007

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been recently reported to have an anti-obesity effect in animals and humans. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of diglyceride (DG)-CLA on proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cell proliferation was determined using WST-8 analysis and cell differentiation was determined by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity. Lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells was determined by Oil red O staining. There were four experimental groups including vehicle control (DMSO), CLA, triglyceride (TG)-CLA, and DG-CLA. Treatments of CLA, TG-CLA, and DG-CLA at the concentrations of $10{\sim}1000{\mu}g/ml$ reduced proliferation of preconfluent 3T3-L1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Among them CLA was the most effective in the proliferation inhibition of preconfluent 3T3-L1 cells with increasing concentrations. Treatments of CLA and DG-CLA at the concentration of $100{\mu}g/ml$ significantly inhibited differentiation of postconfluent 3T3-L1 cells as measured by GPOH activity (p<0.05). In addition, treatments of CLA, TG-CLA, and DG-CLA effectively inhibited lipid accumulation during differentiation of 3T3-L 1 cells. OG-CLA had the most inhibitory effect on the differentiation and lipid accumulation. These results suggest that the compounds including CLA have a respectable anti-obesity effect and that consumption of DG-CLA as a dietary oil may give a benefit for controlling overweight in humans.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 1992

The influence of various levels of major medium components such as sucrose, nitrate, phosphate, plant growth regulators, and light intensity for cell growth and the production of anthocyanin content in cell cultures of Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa were investigated. Best results for anthocyanin yield were obtained using Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium containing 5% sucrose, 12.5% nitrate, 200% phosphate, 1.0mg/l indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), 1.0mg/l benaylaminopurine(BAP), and continuous illumination of 7,000 lux. On the other hand, maximum cell growth was achieved with 5% sucrose, 50% nitrate above 400% phosphate compare with that of MS basal mediumi, and 0.5mg/l 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2, 4-D). Anthocyanin accumulation in a suspension cultured cells of given genotype was stimulated by subculturing onto the medium lacking 2, 4-D. Pigmented cell clusters were extracted with methanol containing 1% hydrochloric acid (HCl) and then anthocyanin was identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and U. V. spectrophotometer.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.241-248
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on hair growth promotion of magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP) for the treatment of alopecia. Aqueous solutions of MAP 7.5% with or without MSM 1%, 5% or 10% were prepared and applied onto the depilated back skin of the male mice once a day for 20 days. The degree of hair growth was evaluated by visual scoring using hair growth quantification scale (0-5, 0 being initial state and 5 being complete hair growth). In vitro transdermal penetration and intradermal retention studies of MAP were performed with Franz diffusion cell using hairless mice skin. Hair growth in the group treated with the aqueous solution containing MAP 7.5% and MSM 10% was comparable to or better than the result in the group treated with minoxidil 5% solution. Hair growth promotion of MAP was dose-dependently increased by the presence of MSM used in combination with MAP 7.5% solution. The in vitro transdermal penetration of the MAP was decreased in proportion to the concentration of MSM. However, intradermal retention of MAP was profoundly and dose-proportionally increased as a function of MSM concentration, reaching 802 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ in the presence of MSM 10% (200-fold increase). The effect of MSM on hair growth promotion of MAP was dose-proportional to the concentration of MSM due to the enhanced intradermal retention of MAP in the presence of MSM. Therefore, topical application of MAP together with MSM appears to be useful for the treatment of alopecia.