• Title/Summary/Keyword: Phosphate

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Fermentation of MR-387A and B, Novel Aminopeptidase M Inhibitors by Streptomyces sp. SL-387: Phosphate Repression of Inhibitor Formation

  • YUNG-HEE KHO;CHUNG, MYUNG-CHUL;HYO-KON CHUN;HO-JAE LEE;CHOONG-HWAN LEE,;SU-IL KIM
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.213-217
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    • 1995
  • The effect of inorganic phosphate on the fermentative production of aminopeptidase M inhibitors MR-387A and B by Streptomyces sp. SL-387 has been studied. With inorganic phosphate concentrations higher than 0.78 mM, an inverse correlation was found between the maximum inhibitor production and the initial phosphate concentration added. Growth sensitivity of this actinomycete to arsenate, a phosphate analogue, and the use of magnesium carbonate, a phosphate-trapping agent, suggested that the inhibitor formation was under phosphate repression. Exogenous ATP further increased the degree of phosphate interference in both phosphate-repressed and non repressed culture conditions. The use of a phosphate analogue and a protein synthesis inhibitor also suggested that the phosphate itself repressed inhibitor formation.

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Phosphate Removal Using Recombinant Bacteria with Cytoplasmic Phosphate Binding Protein (Phosphate Binding Protein이 세포질에 발현된 재조합 박테리아를 이용한 인 제거)

  • Choi, Suk Soon;Ha, Jeong Hyub;Cha, Hyung Joon
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.558-561
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    • 2013
  • In the present work, we constructed a recombinant Escherichia coli with cytoplasmic-expressed phosphate-binding protein (PBP) and investigated its phosphate removal in water phase. When the recombinant bacteria were cultured for 6 h to treat phosphate, the removal efficiencies were 90, 49, and 41% for the treatment of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/L phosphate, respectively, indicating good specific phosphate removal of our developed system. Also, cell densities of 2.5 and 5.0 Optical density resulted in high phosphate removal efficiencies and ~80% of 2.0 mg/L phosphate was efficiently removed. A novel biotechnology developed in this study could be effectively employed for resolving eutrophication problem in water body.

Comparison of Soil Testing Methods for Plant Available Phosphate

  • Kim, Myung Sook;Kwak, Han Kang;Kim, Yoo Hak;Kang, Seong Soo;Gong, Myung Suk;Zhang, Yong Seon;Yoon, Hong Bae;Lee, Chang Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.153-162
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    • 2013
  • Most test methods for plant available soil phosphate are based on the extraction with a chemical solution. The objective of this study is to evaluate available phosphate of various tests at different soil phosphate levels. Two experiments were conducted as follows: i) Extracting capacities of soil phosphate tests - Mehlich III, Mehlich II, Bray I, Olsen, Kelowna, and Modified Lancaster(Mod. Lancaster) - were compared with that of Lancaster test for the soils collected from 32 paddy and 27 upland fields with various soil chemical properties. ii) Field trials on comparing to phosphate uptake by plant were accomplished by cultivating rice and corn plants in the pots filled with the soils. Available phosphate of Lancaster test was significantly correlated with those of Mehlich III, Mehlich II, Bray I, Olsen, Kelowna, and Mod. Lancaster. In upland soils, available phosphates of all the tests were curvilinearly regressed with phosphate uptake by corn. The determination coefficients ($R^2$) of the regression equation between available phosphate in soils and phosphate uptake by plants were ranged from 0.861 (Mehlich III) to 0.741 (Olsen). In paddy soils, the available phosphate measured by Mehlich III and Lancaster was significantly correlated with phosphate uptake by rice. In conclusion, Lancaster and Mehlich III tests could be used for predicting available phosphate in upland and paddy soils.

Determining the Optimal Level of Natural Calcium Powders and Whey Protein Concentrate Blends as Phosphate Replacers in Cooked Ground Pork Products

  • Jeong, Jong Youn
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.1246-1252
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the addition levels of a phosphate replacer blend in ground pork sausages. The phosphate replacer consisted of 0.2% oyster shell calcium powder, 0.3% egg shell calcium powder, and 0.25% whey protein concentrate. Depending on the presence or absence of synthetic phosphate and the addition level of phosphate replacer, the following products were processed: control (+) (0.3% phosphate), control (-) (non-phosphate), 20AL (20% replacer), 40AL (40% replacer), 60AL (60% replacer), 80AL (80% replacer), and 100AL (100% replacer). The pH values of pork sausages increased (p<0.05) with increasing addition level of the phosphate replacer. When more than 40% of the phosphate replacer was added to pork samples (40AL, 60AL, 80AL, and 100AL), cooking loss was significantly reduced compared to both the control (+) and control (-). However, no significant differences were observed in the moisture content and CIE $L^*$ values between the controls and the treatments with a phosphate replacer. The control (+) and 100AL treatment had the highest (p<0.05) hardness, but the samples with the phosphate replacer were not significantly different in cohesiveness and springiness from the control (+). As addition level increased, the gumminess and chewiness of the products with the phosphate replacer increased, which were lower than those of the control (+). Therefore, more than 40% of a phosphate replacer may possibly substitute synthetic phosphate to improve product yields in ground pork sausages, although further studies may be needed for improving the textural properties of the final products.

Hormonal Regulation of Glycerol-Phosphate Acyltransferase Gene Expression (Glycerol-Phosphate Acyltransferase Gene Expression의 호르몬에 의한 조절)

  • 손승렬;신동훈
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.473-477
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    • 1993
  • Both glycerol-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) and 7.2 kb mRNAs were present at the highest level in liver. Glycerol-phosphate acyltransferase and 7.2 kb mRNA levels increased dramatically when fasted mice were refed a high carbohydrate diet. In mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, insulin increased both glycerol-phosphate acyltransferase and 7.2kb mRNA levels 2.6 to 3-fold while dibutyryl cAMP decreased mRNA levels by 50% and 80%, respectively. These results indicate positive regulation by insulin and negative regulation by dibutyryl cAMP of both glycerol-phosphate acyltransferase and 7.2 kb mRNA.

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Studies on the Effect of Various Forms of Phosphate on the Production of Paddy Rice (수도작(水稻作)에서 각종인산질비료(各種燐酸質肥料)의 비효에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Oh, W.K.
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.27-41
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    • 1968
  • In order to clarify the effect of various forms or phosphate on the production of paddy in Korea and to find out the superiority of any form, a number of field and pot experiments involving various phosphate fertilizers were carried out in addition to conducting one each of sand culture and soil culture pot experiments in 1963 and 1964. The results of these studies are summarized as follows: 1. In sand culture experiment, the best effect of a phosphate fertilizer was obtained with the mono-calcium phosphate which is soluble in water, followed by citric acid soluble phosphate such as fused phosphate and di-calicum phosphate. However, in the pot culture and field experiments, fused phosphate had shown it's superiority than triple superphosphate which contains water soluble form of phosphate followed by hypo phosphate, roasted phosphate, compound fertilizer, and slag phosphate. The effect of rock phosphate was the least in most cases. 2. The superiority of fused phosphate to triple super phosphate in soil culture was supposed to be: a) The fused phosphate can neutralize the soil acidity. b) The fused phosphate can supply magnesium and magnesium lead to the balanced conditions of exchangeable bases in soils. c) The magnesium in the fused phosphate helps the transportation of phosphate, and regulate the absorption of the element.

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Solubilization of Insoluble Phosphates by Penicillium sp. GL-101 Isolated from Soil (토양에서 분리한 Penicillium sp. GL-101에 의한 난용성 인산염의 가용화)

  • Choi, Myoung-Chul;Chung, Jong-Bae;Sa, Tong-Min;Lim, Sun-Uk;Kang, Sun-Chul
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.329-333
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    • 1997
  • Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (1,000 bacteria and 200 fungi) were isolated from soil around Kyungnam and Kyungbook regions using potato dextrose agar-calcium phosphate medium. A fungus with the greatest phosphate solubilizing activity was selected and identified to Penicillium sp. GL-101, based on the morphological characteristics of conidiophore and conidia; flask shape of phialide, simple branching type of conidiophore, and columnar shape of conidial head, in malt extract agar and potato dextrose agar media. The optimum temperature and initial pH to solubilize rock phosphate in potato dextrose broth-rock phosphate medium were $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.5, respectively. In these optimum conditions, phosphate solubilizing activities of Penicillium sp. GL-101 against four types of insoluble phosphate: tricalcium-phosphate, aluminium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and rock phosphate, were quantitatively determined. As results, this fungus highly discharged free phosphates to the culture broth with the concentrations of 1,152 ppm against tricalcium-phosphate, 565 ppm against rock phosphate, 292 ppm against aluminium phosphate, and 217 ppm against hydroxyapatite, respectively.

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Effects of Glucose and Inorganic Phosphate on the Development of Rat 8-Cell Embryos In Vitro (Glucose와 Inorganic Phosphate가 Rat 8-세포기 난자의 체외배양에 미치는 영향)

  • 이홍미;진동일
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.251-258
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    • 1996
  • This study was designed to evaluate the potential inhibitory effects of glucose (5.56 mM vs. 0 mM) and/or phosphate (potassium phosphate, 1.19 mM vs. 0 mM) on the in vitro devel-opment of rat 8-cell embryos (n=345 embryos from 36 mature rats). Evaluation of embryos at 48 h for developmental stage (STG) indicated that 37% (31/84), 70% (64/91), 69% (59/85), and 77% (67/85) developed to the blastocyst stage in media with glucose+phosphate, glucose only, phosphate only, and no glucose or phosphate, respectively. Embryo development (2.90${\pm}$0.097 for STG) in medium with glucose + phosphate was significantly reduced (P<0.001), while no significant differences were observed between all other media (3.4~3.5${\pm}$0.093-0.097 for STG). Evaluation of embryos for final cell number (FCN) indicated that the greatest number of cells (nuclei) resulted in medium with glucose alone (29.3${\pm}$0.97 cells, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed for FCN for the remaining three media (l7.5${\pm}$1, 04 cells, 18.6${\pm}$1.Ol cells, and 19.8${\pm}$1.01 cells for glucose+phosphate, phosphate only, and no glucose or phosphate, respectively). Our results suggest that glucose and phosphate together exert an inhibitory effect on 8-cell rat embryo development, while glucose alone was beneficial, yielding greater numbers of cells per embryo.

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Remediation Groundwater contaminated with Nitrate and Phosphate using Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration

  • 백기태;양지원
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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    • 2002.04a
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    • pp.334-337
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    • 2002
  • The drinking water industry faces a growing number of difficultiesin the treatment of groundwater for drinking water production. Groundwater sources are frequently contaminated with nitrates and phosphates due to usage of chemical fertilizer In this study, feasibility of micellar enhanced ultrafiltation (MEUF) was investigated to remediate groundwater contaminated with nitrate and phosphate. Ultrafiltration membrane was cellulose acetate with molecular weight cut off (MWCO) 10,000 and celtyl pyridinium chloride (CPC) was used to form pollutant-micelle complex with nitrate and phosphate. The results show that nitrate and phosphate rejections are satisfactory. The removal efficiency of nitrate and phosphate show 80% and 84% in single pollutant system, respectively with 3 molar ratio of CPC to pollutants. In the multi-pollutant systems, the removalefficiency increased to 90 % and 89 % for nitrate and phosphate, respectively, The presence of nitrate in the solutions did not affect the removal of phosphate and that of phosphate did not affect the removal of nitrate. The concentration of CPC in the permeate and removal efficiency of CPC was a function of the concentration of CPC in the feed solutions.

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A Kinetic Study on the Phosphate Efflux in Rice Roots - Rhythmic Phenomena of Phosphate Flux - (벼의 인산유출기작에 대한 연구 -인산유출의 Rhythm현상)

  • 이길재;장남기
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.9-22
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    • 1997
  • This study was performed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in efflux process of phosphate from intact and excised roots of Oryza sativa (Tongil). The rapid loss of phosphate during the first 40-minutes of treatment is mainly from the cytoplasmic fraction, and the gradual loss taking place afterwards is possibly reflecting the losses at the tonoplast. During the first 60 minutes, loss of phosphate from the excised roots treated with KCN was more rapid than the control but slower thereafter. The effect of $CaCl_2$ and KCl appeared to decrease the rate of phosphate efflux in excised roots of rice. The mechanism of phosphate efflux by rice roots seems to be passive and oscillatory in the short period. Key words: Oryza sativa(Tongil), Phosphate efflux.

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