• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2016

The phonemic awareness tasks (phonemic synthesis, phonemic elision, phonemic segmentation) by auditory presentation and visual presentation were conducted to 40 children who are 5 and 6 years old. The scores and error types in the sub-tasks by two presentations were compared to each other. Also, the correlation between the performances of phonemic awareness sub-tasks in two presentation conditions were examined. As a result, 6-year-old group showed significantly higher phonemic awareness scores than 5-year-old group. Both group showed significantly higher scores in visual presentation than auditory presentation. While the performance under the visual presentation was significantly lower especially in the segmentation than the other two tasks, there was no significant difference among sub-tasks under the auditory presentation. 5-year-old group showed significantly more 'no response' errors than 6-year-old group and 6-year-old group showed significantly more 'phoneme substitution' and 'phoneme omission' errors than 5-year-old group. Significantly more 'phoneme omission' errors were observed in the segmentation than the elision task, and significantly more 'phoneme addition' errors were observed in elision than the synthesis task. Lastly, there are positive correlations in auditory and visual synthesis tasks, auditory and visual elision tasks, and auditory and visual segmentation tasks. Summarizing the results, children tend to depend on orthographic knowledge when acquiring the initial phonemic awareness. Therefore, the result of this research would support the position that the orthographic knowledge affects the improvement of phonemic awareness.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제23권4E호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2004

It is generally known that accurate segmentation is very necessary for both an individual word and continuous utterances in speech recognition. It is also commonly known that techniques are now being developed to classify the voiced and the unvoiced, also classifying the plosives and the fricatives. The method for accurate recognition of the phonemes isn't yet scientifically established. Therefore, in this study we analyze the Korean language, using the classification of 'Hunminjeongeum' and contemporary phonetics, with the frequency band, Mel band and Mel Cepstrum, we extract notable features of the phonemes from Korean speech and segment speech by the unit of the phonemes to normalize them. Finally, through the analysis and verification, we intend to set up Phonemic Segmentation System that will make us able to adapt it to both an individual word and continuous utterances.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.5-11
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 음성신호의 음소 단위 구분화 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 구분화 시스템은 화자 독립적이고, 음성신호에 대한 사전 정보 없이도 음소 단위로 구분화를 수행할 수 있는 특징을 갖는다. 구분화 처리는 입력 음성신호를 먼저 순수 유성을 구간과 순수 유성음이 아닌 구간으로 분리 시킨 후, 각각의 구간에 대해 세분화된 음소 단위로 분리시키는 2단계 구분화 알고리즘을 적용하였고, 이때 사용된 파라미터는 유성을 검출 파라미터, 영차 LPC 캡스트럼 계수의 시간변호 파라미터, ZCR 파라미터이다. 본 연구에서 제안한 구분화 알고리즘의 유용성을 입증하기 위해 사용한 대상어는 고립단어와 연속음성으로 구성된 어휘로서 전체 어휘중에 포함된 507개 음소에 대한 구분화율은 91.7% 이다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1988년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.20-24
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• 1988

This paper proposed the phonemic segmentation method that employed two types of Likelihood Ratio that measures the change of spectral structure. By this method, isolated digits and words of VCV form are segmented into phoneme-unit and especially, first-burst part in an aspirated bilabial plosive is divided.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1988년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.33-36
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• 1988

In this paper, the starting point of affricate is detected from the first predictor coefficient of a 12-pole linear predictive coding (LPC) analysis and phonemic segmentation is done through measuring short time energy and zero crossing rate. By this segmentation method, the duration of an aspirate can be mearsured in order to detect an aspirate or not.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2000

음성신호의 음소경계 추출방법 중 음소에 대한 사전지식 없이 음성 데이타, 혹은 특징벡터의 변화를 감지하여 음소경계를 추출해 내는 맹목 세그먼테이션은 연속음형 인식시스템이나 코퍼스 제작에 중요한 역할을 하며 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 이러한 맹목 세그먼테이션 방법은 사전지식을 필요로 하지 않아 비교적 쉽게 접근할 수 있으나 음운학적인 지식, 또는 음소나 음소경계에 대한 지식과 경험 데이타 등을 이용하는 지식 기반 세그먼테이션 방법에 비해 성능이 좋지 못한 단점이 있다. 본고에서는 우리말의 연속 음성을 맹목 세그먼테이션해서 후보 경계를 추출한 다음, 음절핵의 위치정보를 이용하여 후보 경계를 후처리함으로써 세그먼테이션 효율을 높이는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법의 전처리과정에서는 확률적인 거리 모델을 이용한 클러스터링 방법을 이용하였으며, 후처리과정에서는 음절의 핵 사이에 위치할 수 있는 음소의 수는 제한된다는 선험적인 지식을 이용하였다. 실험결과, 제안하는 방법을 이용했을 때의 삽입오류는 맹목 세그먼테이션에 비해 약 25% 감소하였다.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 1995년도 제7회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.30-34
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• 1995

신경망을 이용하는 연속 음성 인식에서 학습이라 함은 인위적으로 분할된 음성 데이타를 토대로 진행되는 것이 지배적이었다. 그러나 분할된 음성데이타를 마련하기 위해서는 많은 시간과 노력, 숙련 등을 요구할 뿐만아니라 그 자체가 인식도메인의 변화나 확장을 어렵게 하는 하나의 요인 되기도 한다. 그래서 분할된 음성데이타의 사용을 가급적 피하고 그러면서도 성능을 떨어뜨리지 않는 신경망 학습법들이 나타나고 있다. 본 논문에서는 학습된 인식기를 이용하여 자동으로 한국어 음성데이타를 분할한 후 그 분할된 데이타를 이용하여 다시 인식기를 재학습시켜나가는 반복 과정을 소개하고자 한다. 여기에는 TDNN이 인식기로 사용되며 인식단위는 음소이다. 학습은 cross-validation 기법을 이용하여 제어된다.

• 인문언어
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.287-301
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• 2002

Either in music or in language, sound plays its role by taking up the fixed multi-spaces in one's consciousness. Music space differs from auditory space whose aim Is to perceive the positions and identities of the outer things. While auditory space is based on the interests of the outer things, music space is based on the indifference. We discuss the notion of space because it is where symbols reside. Categorial perception about the phonemic restoration describes the ability of a listener how to use his own intelligence to acknowledge and fill the missing points; however, musical perception can be explained as a positive regression to avoid colloquial logic and danger of segmentation in the course of auditory experience and phonation acquisition by an infant. About the question on the difference of the listening to the language sound and other sound, auditory mechanism proceeds language sound the same as other types of sound. But there are another theories which claim that brain proceeds the farmer differently from the latter. The function of music has not been discovered as clear as that of language; music has much more meanings in comparison with language.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2006

This study investigated whether there are differences between Korean-English bilingual and Korean monolingual children on phonological awareness skills. Participants were 11 Korean-English bilingual children and 12 Korean monolingual children. The children's ages ranged between 6 and 7 years. The results were as follows. First, the bilingual children significantly outperformed monolingual children on overall phonological awareness tasks. The bilinguals performed significantly higher than monolinguals on all three types of phonological awareness tasks (segmentation, deletion, and blending). Second, there was a significant difference between the groups with respect to phonological units of the tasks. The bilinguals performed significantly better than monolinguals on the phonemic unit tasks, but two groups did not differ significantly on syllabic unit tasks. There was an interaction effect between unit size(syllables and phonemes) and group (bilinguals and monolinguals). Third, there were correlations for both bilingual and monolingual children between overall phonological awareness skills and word recognition skills.