• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 1999

최근 음성장애에 관한 관심이 높아지면서 성대질환 내지는 후두질환의 정확한 진단을 위한 발성기능의 측정이 더욱 중요시되기에 이르렀다 이에 본 연구에서는 정상 한국인 남자 81명, 여자 76명과 성대용종 환자 남자 78명, 여자 65명을 대상으로 공기역학적 검사 중 컴퓨터화된 측정기구와 기류저지법으로 최대발성지속시간, 발성기류량, 평균호기류율, 및 성문하압을 연령별 및 성별에 따라 평균치를 측정, 이를 비교 분석하였다. 최대발성지속시간은 정상인 남자가 20.6${\pm}$6.34초, 여자가 17.2${\pm}$4.20초였고, 성대용종 환자에서 남자가 13.1${\pm}$4.26초, 여자가 11.6${\pm}$4.43초였다. 평균호기류율은 정상인 남자가 170.0${\pm}$67.00ml/sec, 여자가 131.1${\pm}$49.03ml/sec였고, 성대용종 환자에서 남자가 255.7${\pm}$216.52ml/sec, 여자가 183.24${\pm}$107.16ml/sec였다. 발성기류량은 정상인 남자가 3179.0${\pm}$648.94ml. 여자가 2144.1${\pm}$650.81ml였고, 성대용종 환자에서 남자가 2905.8${\pm}$1295.35ml, 여자가 1904.4${\pm}$1068.59ml였다 성문하압은 정상인 남자가 4.0${\pm}$1.88cm$H_2O$, 여자가 3.5${\pm}$4.20cm$H_2O$였고, 성대용종 환자에서 남자가 4.2$\pm$1.48cm$H_2O$, 여자가 3.9${\pm}$1.12cm$H_2O$였다. 성대용종 환자에서 통계학적으로 유의성있게 최대발성지속시간은 감소하고, 평균호기류율은 증가하였으며, 발성기류량과 성문하압은 여자환자에서만 의미 있게 각각 감소하거나 증가하였다. 이상의 결과는 정상인과 성대용종 환자에 있어서 객관적인 공기역학적 검사결과를 보여주며 이는 성대용종 환자의 음성이상에 대한 상태판정이나 치료 후 효과 판정에 기본자료로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to survey 'voice preference' of children from among three voice pitches, which are high-pitch, mid-pitch and low pitch, and understand acoustic characteristics of the best voice chosen. To record distinctive pitches, Dr. Speech(ver. 4.0 Tiger Electronics) was used and we analyzed their choices. Also, we measured subglottal air pressure in aerodynamic analyze and phonatory aerodynamic system(Model 6600, KAY) was used. As a result children preferred to the low-pitch yet there was not any difference by sex. We fined them to prefer higher HNR voice to lower jitter and shimmer voice rate.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.721-727
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• 2013

본 연구는 모음에 따라 발성역치압력과 비성도의 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 2012년 5월부터 8월 동안에 대학에 재학 중인 20~30대의 정상성인 여성 28명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 발성역치압력은 객관적인 공기역학적 검사도구인 PAS(Phonatory aerodynamic system, model 6600, KAY electronics, Inc)를 이용하였으며, /p/와 세가지 모음 /a, i, u/를 각 5번씩 측정하여 가운데 3개를 비교하여 분석하였다. 또한 비성도는 Nasometer${\Pi}$(model 6450, KAY electronics, Inc)를 이용하였으며, 세가지 모음 /a, i, u/를 5초 이상 연장발성하여 측정하였다. 그 결과, 모음에 따른 발성역치압력은 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며, 모음에 따른 비성도도 유의한 차이를 보였다. 발성역치압력과 비성도간의 상관관계도 매우 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. 따라서 모음간의 발성역치압력은 연인두 폐쇄정도를 예측할 수 있으며 그에 따른 비성도와 매우 연관성이 깊음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.146-160
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• 2000

The current study aimed to establish rationales for using three different voice therapies (resonant voice, accent method, and tongue-tip trills) by comparing the aerodynamic, and vocal fold closure characteristics under three therapies. A total of 8 male under/graduate students(tenors) participated as subjects. In order to compare aerodynamic characteristics, air flow rates and subglottal pressures were measured using Phonatory function analyzer under three therapy conditions. The characteristics of vocal fold closure patterns also were examined by comparing closed quotients(CQ) measured by Electroglottograph(EGG) under three therapy conditions. However, maximum phonation time (MPT) was measured under only resonant voice and tongue-tip trills using Aerophone II. The results are summarized as follows : 1) CQ, subglottal pressure and MPT decreased significantly under resonant voice as compared with throat voice, but the air flow rate increased significantly under resonant voice. 2) CQ decreased significantly under accent method as compared with throat voice, but both air flow rate and subglottal pressure increased significantly under accent method. 3) Both CQ and MPT decreased significantly under tongue tip trills as compared with throat voice, but air flow rate and subglottal pressure increased significantly under tongue-tip trills. Clinical implications of results were discussed in light of differential effects of three voice therapies.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2017

An increase in speech intelligibility has been found in Clear Speech compared to conversational speech. Clear Speech is defined by decreased articulation rates and increased frequency and length of pauses. The objective of the present study was to investigate improvement in immediate speech intelligibility in 10 patients with Parkinson's disease (age range: 46 to 75 years) using Clear Speech. This experiment has been performed using the Phonatory Aerodynamic System 6600 after the participants read the first sentence of a Sanchaek passage and the "List for Adults 1" in the Sentence Recognition Test (SRT) using casual speech and Clear Speech. Acoustic and aerodynamic parameters that affect speech intelligibility were measured, including mean F0, F0 range, intensity, speaking rate, mean airflow rate, and respiratory rate. In the Sanchaek passage, use of Clear Speech resulted in significant differences in mean F0, F0 range, speaking rate, and respiratory rate, compared with the use of casual speech. In the SRT list, significant differences were seen in mean F0, F0 range, and speaking rate. Based on these findings, it is claimed that speech intelligibility can be affected by adjusting breathing and tone in Clear Speech. Future studies should identify the benefits of Clear Speech through auditory-perceptual studies and evaluate programs that use Clear Speech to increase intelligibility.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2008

Breath group generally refers to one of units of speech production. It is an integral component of structural and contextual features of utterances with some responsibility for fluctuations in speech intelligibility. The purpose of this study was to know the characteristics of breath group in reading passages spoken by healthy speakers, specifically in view of aerodynamic aspects. Eighteen female speakers aged from 20 to 30 years old without communication problems and in healthy condition were participated in this study. PAS (Phonatory Aerodynamic System) was used for aerodynamic measurement of breath group. Results showed that the mean value of breath group in reading tasks was 16.03 per minute (SD=3.1), and the spoken syllables per one breath group were 17.95. And the mean time (m) of breath group was 3.06 (SD=0.62), and the ratio of exhalation and inhalation was appeared in the 1:5. The results need to be discussed in values of normality of breath group and clinical viewpoint, especially their potential implication from speech intelligibility caused by brain damage.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2019

본 연구는 젊은 성인 음성장애 환자 집단과 노인 음성장애 환자 집단을 대상으로 문단낭독시 공기역학적 특성을 비교해보고자 시행되었다. 20-45세의 남성 음성장애 환자 12명과 60세 이상의 남성 음성장애 환자 9명이 연구에 참여하였다. PAS(Phonatory Aerodynamic System)의 Running Speech를 이용하여 문단을 낭독하게 하고 공기역학 측정치를 구하였다. 그 결과 노인집단은 젊은 성인집단보다 더 긴 지속시간과 더 적은 기류량 및 기류체적을 보였다. 그러나 그 차이는 발성지속시간에서만 유의하게 나타났다. 공기역학 측정치는 일반적으로 노인보다 젊은 성인이 모든 측면에서 비정상 소견을 보일 것이라고 예상하지만 본 연구결과 노인집단이 보인 측정치는 발성지속시간을 제외하고 기류량과 기류체적은 젊은 성인집단과 비슷한 수치를 보인것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 노인 음성장애 환자의 연속발화시 공기역학 측정치가 갖는 의미를 해석할 때 기류와 기류체적은 연령뿐 아니라 발화자료, 폐 기능 등 다양한 요건을 함께 고려해야 한다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.157-164
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• 2010

This study investigated the characteristics of two aerodynamic indices, PTP (Phonation threshold pressure) and PTF (Phonation threshold flow) in patients with ADSD (adductor spasmodic dysphonia) and to see if two new aerodynamic indices can differentiate between normal and ADSD group. Additionally, PTP and PTF values were compared in terms of overall severity of ADSD in the patient group. The severity of ADSD was rated on a 7-point rating scale by two experienced speech language pathologists. The Kay Elemetrics Phonatory Aerodynamic System (PAS) (Kay Elemetrics Corp., Lincoln Park, NJ) was used to collect PTP and PTF measurements from 16 female normal subjects, 31 female patients with ADSD. Significantly lower PTF values (P< 0.05) were observed in ADSD when compared to those of normal control. Also, significantly lower PTF values in severe ADSD patients (P<.001). However, PTP could not distinguish patients with ADSD from control groups (P=0.119) and among the ADSD groups according to the severity (P=0.177). Consequently, PTF was more sensitive than PTP which might differentiate between normal speakers and ADSD and among different levels of severity within ADSD, suggesting that PTF could be a useful diagnostic parameter to measure the aerodynamic function of ADSD and provide the neurolaryngeal dysfunction in patients with ADSD.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2008

Background and Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the perceptual and aerodynamic characteristics and the relation between vocal efficiency and the severity of strained voice. of adductor spasmodic dysphonia. Materials and Methods : 13 female patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia were examined and compared with 10 normal female control group. MPT, MFR, Psub, Sound Intensity, VE(vocal efficiency) were obtained using PAS(Phonatory Aerodynamic System). GRBA(S) scale was used for Perceptual evaluation. Results : Psub(subglottic pressure) of SD was significantly higher than normal group. MPT, MFR, Sound Intensity, VE were not significantly different between two groups. Correlation between VE and 'S'(strained) was not significant. Conclusion : The results of this study show that certain aerodynamic parameters(Psub) distinguish adductor spasmodic dysphonia from normal voice.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2019

Background and Objectives For patients with polyps and cysts, glottal gaps resulting from their lesions have negative respiratory effects when they vocalize. Phonatory Aerodynamic System is clinically used, but is often limited in the measurement of vowels. So the researchers attempted to verify the usefulness of Phonatory Aerodynamic System by comparing differences in respiratory characteristics and patterns which can be measured by the level of connected speech. Materials and Method Among the subjects who were diagnosed through a stroboscopy, there were 33 patients with polyps and 23 patients with cysts. Then, 36 subjects who were found to have no specific findings through a stroboscopy and perceptual test were selected to the normal group. We compared respiratory characteristics and patterns. And compared vocal polyps and cysts before and after laryngeal micro surgery (LMS). Results First, difference in respiratory patterns between the normal group and the patients with polyps and cysts were examined to show that breath groups, breath group syllables, and expiratory·inspiratory volume were significantly higher in the polyp/cyst group than those in the normal group, indicating that precision was lowered during the conversation, due to reduction in speech intelligibility and interruption of communication. Second, there were significant differences in maximum phonation time, mean flow rate, and subglottal pressure among respiratory characteristics, breath groups, breath group syllables, and inspiratory volume before and after LMS, which appeared to be similar to the normal group. Conclusion The understanding of respiratory characteristics and patterns produced by patients in connected speech which is most similar to natural speech was found to be the objective and useful method for examining characteristics of the subjects.