Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13064/KSSS.2017.9.3.067

An aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of Clear Speech in patients with Parkinson's disease  

Shin, Hee Baek (한림대학교 대학원 언어청각학과)
Ko, Do-Heung (한림대학교 언어청각학부)
Publication Information
Phonetics and Speech Sciences / v.9, no.3, 2017 , pp. 67-74 More about this Journal
Abstract
An increase in speech intelligibility has been found in Clear Speech compared to conversational speech. Clear Speech is defined by decreased articulation rates and increased frequency and length of pauses. The objective of the present study was to investigate improvement in immediate speech intelligibility in 10 patients with Parkinson's disease (age range: 46 to 75 years) using Clear Speech. This experiment has been performed using the Phonatory Aerodynamic System 6600 after the participants read the first sentence of a Sanchaek passage and the "List for Adults 1" in the Sentence Recognition Test (SRT) using casual speech and Clear Speech. Acoustic and aerodynamic parameters that affect speech intelligibility were measured, including mean F0, F0 range, intensity, speaking rate, mean airflow rate, and respiratory rate. In the Sanchaek passage, use of Clear Speech resulted in significant differences in mean F0, F0 range, speaking rate, and respiratory rate, compared with the use of casual speech. In the SRT list, significant differences were seen in mean F0, F0 range, and speaking rate. Based on these findings, it is claimed that speech intelligibility can be affected by adjusting breathing and tone in Clear Speech. Future studies should identify the benefits of Clear Speech through auditory-perceptual studies and evaluate programs that use Clear Speech to increase intelligibility.
Keywords
Clear speech; Parkinson's disease; dysarthria; speech intelligibility;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Hanson, D., Gerratt, B., & Ward, P. (1984). Cinegraphic observations of laryngeal function in Parkinson's disease. The Laryngoscope, 94(3), 348-353.   DOI
2 Holmes, R., Oates, J., Phyland, D., & Hughes, A. (2000). Voice characteristics in the progression of Parkinson's disease. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 35(3), 407-418.   DOI
3 Hustad, K., & Weismer, G. (2007). Interventions to improve intelligibility and communicative success for speakers with dysarthria. Motor Speech Disorders, 217-228.
4 Jang, H., Lee, J., Lim, D., Lee, K., Jeon, A., & Jung, E. (2008). Development of Korean standard sentence lists for sentence recognition tests. Audiology, 4(2), 161-177. (장현숙.이정학.임덕환.이경원.전아름.정은조 (2008). 문장인지검사를 위한 한국표준 문장표 개발. 청능재활, 4(2), 161-177.)
5 Kim, H., Hasegawa-Johnson, M., & Perlman, A. (2011). Vowel contrast and speech intelligibility in dysarthria. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 63(4), 187-194.   DOI
6 Kim, Y., Choi, Y., Kim, Y., & Choi, E. (2012). Treatment efficacy of LSVT program on individuals with Parkinson disease: A meta analysis. Journal of Speech-Language & Hearing Disorders, 21(1), 71-87. (김윤경.최예린.김윤정.최은희 (2012). Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) 프로그램이 파킨슨병의 음강 개선에 미치는 효과. 언어치료연구, 21(1), 71-87.)
7 Krause, J., & Braida, L. (2002). Investigating alternative forms of clear speech: The effects of speaking rate and speaking mode on intelligibility. The Journal of The Acoustical Society of America, 112(5), 2165-2172.   DOI
8 Lam, J., & Tjaden, K. (2013). Intelligibility of clear speech: Effect of instruction. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56(5), 1429-1440.   DOI
9 Lam, J., Tjaden, K., & Wilding, G. (2012). Acoustics of clear speech: Effect of instruction. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 55(6), 1807-1821.   DOI
10 Lang, A., & Lozano, A. (1998). Parkinson's disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 339(15), 1044-1053.   DOI
11 Lansford, K., & Liss, J. (2014). Vowel acoustics in dysarthria: Speech disorder diagnosis and classification. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 57(1), 57-67.   DOI
12 Liotti, M., Ramig, L., Vogel, D., New, P., Cook, C., Ingham, R., Ingham, J., & Fox, P. (2003). Hypophonia in Parkinson's disease neural correlates of voice treatment revealed by PET. Neurology, 60(3), 432-440.   DOI
13 Neel, A. (2009). Effects of loud and amplified speech on sentence and word intelligibility in Parkinson disease. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 52, 1021-1033.   DOI
14 Picheny, M., Durlach, N., & Braida, L. (1985). Speaking clearly for the hard of hearing I: Intelligibility differences between clear and conversational speech. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 28(1), 96-103.   DOI
15 Picheny, M., Durlach, N., & Braida, L. (1986). Speaking clearly for the hard of hearing II: Acoustic characteristics of clear and conversational speech. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 29(4), 434-446.   DOI
16 Ramig, L., Pawlas, A., & Countryman, S. (1995). The Lee Silverman Voice Treatment: A practical guide for treating the voice and speech disorders in Parkinson disease. Iowa: National Centre for Voice and Speech.
17 Ramig, L., Sapir, S., Fox, C., & Countryman, S. (2001). Changes in vocal loudness following intensive voice treatment (LSVT®) in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A comparison with untreated patients and normal age matched controls. Movement Disorders, 16(1), 79-83.   DOI
18 Sapir, S., Spielman, J., Ramig, L., Story, B., & Fox, C. (2007). Effects of intensive voice treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on vowel articulation in dysarthric individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease: Acoustic and perceptual findings. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50(4), 899-912.   DOI
19 Searl, J., & Evitts, P. (2013). Tongue-palate contact pressure, oral air pressure, and acoustics of clear speech. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56(3), 826-839.   DOI
20 Shim, H. (2004). Fluency and speech rate for the standard Korean speakers. Speech Sciences, 11(3), 193-200. (심홍임 (2004). 한국표준어 화자의 유창성과 말속도에 관한연구. 음성과학, 11(3), 193-200.)
21 Shim, H., Park, W., & Ko, D. (2012). Characteristics of speech intelligibility and the vowel space in patients with Parkinson's disease. Phonetics and Speech Sciences, 4(3), 161-169. (심희정.박원경.고도흥 (2012). 파킨슨병 환자의 말 명료도와 모음 공간 특성. 말소리와 음성과학, 4(3), 161-169.)   DOI
22 Spielman, J., Ramig, L., Mahler, L., Halpern, A., & Gavin, W. (2007). Effects of an extended version of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment on voice and speech in Parkinson's disease. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 16(2), 95-107.   DOI
23 Tjaden, K., & Wilding, G. (2004). Rate and loudness manipulations in dysarthria: Acoustic and perceptual findings. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47(4), 766-783.   DOI
24 Tjaden, K., Lam, J., & Wilding, G. (2013). Vowel acoustics in Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis: Comparison of Clear, loud, and slow speaking conditions. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56(5), 1485-1502.   DOI
25 Tjaden, K., Sussman, J., & Wilding, G. (2014). Impact of clear, loud, and slow speech on scaled intelligibility and speech severity in Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 57(3), 779-792.   DOI
26 Uchanski, R. (2005). Clear speech. In D. Pisoni, & R. Remez (Eds.), The Handbook of Speech Perception (pp. 207-235). Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
27 Yorkston, K., Hammen, V., Beukelman, D., & Traynor, C. (1990). The effect of rate control on the intelligibility and naturalness of dysarthric speech. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 55(3), 550-560.   DOI
28 Uchanski, R., Choi, S., Braida, L., Reed, C., & Durlach, N. (1996). Speaking clearly for the hard of hearing IV: Further studies of the role of speaking rate. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 39(3), 494-509.   DOI
29 Weismer, G., Jeng, J., Laures, J., Kent, R., &Kent, J. (2001). Acoustic and intelligibility characteristics of sentence production in neurogenic speech disorders. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 53(1), 1-18.   DOI
30 Yorkston, K., Hakel, M., Beukelman, D., & Fager, S. (2007). Evidence for effectiveness of treatment of loudness, rate, or prosody in dysarthria: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology, 15, 11-36.
31 Darley, F., Aronson, A., & Brown, J. (1969). Clusters of deviant speech dimensions in the dysarthrias. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 12(3), 462-496.   DOI
32 Valian, V., & Wales, R. (1976). What's what: Talkers help listeners hear and understand by clarifying sentential relations. Cognition, 4(2), 155-176.   DOI
33 Amano-Kusumoto, A., Hosom, J., Kain, A., & Aronoff, J. (2014). Determining the relevance of different aspects of formant contours to intelligibility. Speech Communication, 59, 1-9.   DOI
34 Beukelman, D., Fager, S., Ullman, C., Hanson, E., & Logemann, J. (2002). The impact of speech supplementation and clear speech on the intelligibility and speaking rate of people with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology, 10(4), 237-242.
35 Bradlow, A., Kraus, N., & Hayes, E. (2003). Speaking clearly for children with learning disabilities sentence perception in noise. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 46(1), 80-97.   DOI
36 Bunton, K., Kent, R., Kent, J., & Duffy, J. (2001). The effects of flattening fundamental frequency contours on sentence intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 15(3), 181-193.   DOI
37 Dromey, C. (2000). Articulatory kinematics in patients with Parkinson disease using different speech treatment approaches. Journal of Medical Speech Language Pathology, 8(3), 155-162.
38 Duffy, J. (2005). Motor Speech Disorders: Substrates. Differential Diagnosis, and Management. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.
39 Gillespie, A., & Gartner-Schmidt, J. (2016). Immediate effect of stimulability assessment on acoustic, aerodynamic, and patient-perceptual measures of voice. Journal of Voice, 30(4), 507-e9.
40 Fox, C., Morrison, C., Ramig, L., & Sapir, S. (2002). Current perspectives on the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) for individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 11(2), 111-123.   DOI
41 Goberman, A., & Coelho, C. (2002). Acoustic analysis of Parkinsonian speech I: Speech characteristics and L-Dopa therapy. NeuroRehabilitation, 17(3), 237-246.
42 Goberman, A., & Elmer, L. (2005). Acoustic analysis of clear versus conversational speech in individuals with Parkinson disease. Journal of Communication Disorders, 38(3), 215-230.   DOI
43 Hammen, V., Yorkston, K., & Minifie, F. (1994). Effects of temporal alterations on speech intelligibility in Parkinsonian dysarthria. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 37(2), 244-253.   DOI