• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2002년도 ICCAS
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• pp.76.5-76
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• 2002

In this paper, we provide a Nash solution to predictive control problem for nonminimum phase singular nonlinear systems. Until now, there is no result on predictive control problem for this class of nonlinear systems. Chen's recent work considered predictive control problem for a class of nonlinear systems with ill-defined relative degree. Since his work is not a result considered in the feedback linearization framework, there is no a result on singular probem in his paper. In contrast to the existing predictive control result, our work considers two main obstacles (singularity and nonminimum phase) in the feedback linearization framework. For a generally formu...

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.369-373
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• 2002

The liquid phase oxidation of p-xylene has been carried out with oxygen-enriched gas, and the manganese component was precipitated probably via over-oxidation to $Mn^{4+}$. The precipitation increased with rising oxygen concentration in the reaction gas and occurred mainly in the later part of the oxidation. The activity of the reaction decreased, and the blackening of the product and side reactions to carbon dioxide increased with the degree of precipitation. Precipitation can be decreased with the addition of metal ions, such as cerium, chromium and iron.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1995년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.635-640
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• 1995

Two techniques for the verification of the phase separation in ferrite phase of primary pressure bounary component materials, the primary cause of thermal aging embrittlement, are presented. Data base of room-temperature Charpy V-notch impact energy during reactor service was estimated as a measure of the degree of embrittlement. The serviceable period of CF-3 and CF-8 alloys as the primary pressure boundary components may be acceptably extended for 60 years of lifetime. However, the integrity of CF-8M alloys can be degraded seriously after several years of service in the nuclear reactor.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2001

The rotated bending fatigue test was conducted in air md in 3.5% NaCl salt solution to investigate the fatigue fracture behaviour of raw material and F.E.M dual phase steel made from raw material(SS41) by a suitable heat treatment. This study has compared the initial microcrack creation of material by tensile test with that by fatigue test. And the rotated bending test of cantilever type under the condition of 3.5% NaCl salt solution and air has investigated the corrosion fatigue fracture behaviour with the variation of stress concentration factor determined by each of notch shapes. The initial microcrack have been developed in fragile grainboundary with general corrosion occurring in raw material : in the pits built up by corrosion in F.E.M. dual phase steel because pits bring out stress concentration. It is small that the degree of decrease in corrosion fatigue life for F.E.M. dual phase steel compared with raw material because the notch sensitivity of F.E.M. dual phase steel is lower than raw material in reason of characteristics with two-phase construction.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 송신 다이버시티(diversity) 기법을 적용하는 OFDM 통신 시스템에서의 위 상잡음에 의한 영향을 분석하였다. OFDM 시스템은 위상잡음에 매우 민감한 특성을 가지는데 반송파 간섭 및 시스템 잡음의 증가를 초래함으로서 전체적인 시스템의 성능열화 현상이 나타나게 된다. 따라서 이러한 위상잡음의 영향을 분석하기 위하여 위상잡음의 분포특성 및 그 크기 정도를 모델링하고 이러한 위상잡음의 특성에 따라 어느 정도까지 시스템 성능이 열화 되는지를 고찰하였다. 이러한 열화 현상은 송신 다이버시티 구조에 따라 달라지는데 일반적으로 비교적 간단히 구현할 수 있는 2개 또는 3개의 송신안테나를 쓰는 경우와 송신 다이버시티 기법을 적용하지 않았을 때의 시스템 성능에 관하여 비교하고 분석하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 송신 및 수신 다이버시티(diversity) 기법을 적용하는 OFDM 통신 시스템에 서의 위상잡음에 의한 영향을 분석하였다. OFDM 시스템은 위상잡음에 매우 민감한 특성을 가지는데 반송파 간섭 및 시스템 잡음의 증가를 초래함으로서 전체적인 시스템의 성능열화 현상이 나타나게 된다. 따라서 이러한 위상잡음의 영향을 분석하기 위하여 위상잡음의 분포특성 및 그 크기 정도를 모델링하고 이러한 위상잡음의 특성에 따라 어느 정도까지 시스템 성능이 열화 되는지를 고찰하였다. 이러한 열화 현상은 송수신 다이버시티 구조에 따라 달라지는데 일반적으로 비교적 간단히 구현할 수 있는 2개의 송신 및 수신안테나를 쓰는 경우와 2개의 송신 안테나 다이버시티 기법만을 적용한 경우, 그리고 다이버시티 기법을 적용하지 않았을 때의 시스템 성능에 관하여 비교하고 분석하였다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2003

In this paper, we investigated the degree of compensation for distorted optical pulse of wavelength division multiplexed(WDM) channel with initial frequency chirp generated in optical transmitter. The WDM channel signal distortion is due to chromatic dispersion, self phase modulation(SPM) and cross phase modulation(XPM) in fiber. The considered system is 3 ${\times}$ 40 Gbps intensity modulation direct detection(IM/DD) WDM transmission systems, which adopted mid-span spectral inversion(MSSI) as compensation method. We confirmed that the effect of initial frequency chirp on compensation for signal distortion due to a SPM is gradually decreased as a dispersion coefficient of fiber becomes gradually small. But, in the aspect of a compensation for signal distortion due to both SPM and XPM, the effect of initial frequency chirp on compensation is gradually decreased as a dispersion coefficient of fiber becomes gradually large.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1999

A clock and data recovery circuit with a phase-locked loop for 10 Gb/s optical transmission system was realized in a hybrid IC form. The quadri-correlation architecture is used for frequency-and phase-locked loop. A NRZ-to-PRZ converter and a 360 degree analogue phase shifter are included in the circuit. The jitter characteristics satisfy the recommendations of ITU-T. The capture range of 150 MHz and input voltage sensitivity of 100 mVp-p were showed. The temperature compensation characteristics were tested for the operating temperature from -10 to $60^{\circ}C$ and showed no increase of error. This circuit was adopted for the 10 Gb/s transmission system through a normal single-mode fiber with the length of 400 km and operated successfully.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.231-233
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• 2007

One of the drawbacks in an OFDM system is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Among a number of techniques to reduce the high PAPR, simple amplitude predistortion (SAP), a form of active constellation extension, has been proposed to effectively achieve the desired PAPR. In this letter, a novel scheme, simple amplitude and phase predistortion (SAPP), is proposed. In SAP the carriers' amplitude is utilized to combat the peak signal. Each amplitude is amplified according to its degree of contribution as a metric. In addition to amplitude, SAPP also utilizes the phase. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme provides better PAPR reduction than SAP.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1995

Four kinds of silicon nitride based ceramic materials have been hot pressed. Effect of the sintering additives on the phase transformation, microstructural development and mechanical properties was investigated. While sintering under the same condition a big difference among the microstructures of the specimens, they appeared alike if sintered to have a similiar $\alpha$-$\beta$ phase ratio. The specimen of the stoichiometric $\alpha$-$\beta$ sialon composition showed very limited amount of the intergranular glassy phase and a significant degree of the residual stress. It exhibited almost no strength degradation up to $1300^{\circ}C$, and the strength of the specimen degraded more as its composition deviated from the stoichiometry.