• 한국광학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.267-276
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• 1997

서로 대칭되는 이중 조명을 이용한 홀로그래피 네파간섭계를 구성하여 횡변위와 종변위를 동시에 측정하였다. 물체파와 재생파의 간섭을 일으킨 후 위상이동법으로 변위위상도를 작성하였으며 최소제곱법맞춤으로 위상도의 잡음을 제거하였다. 이러한 방법으로 네파간섭계의 두 광로에 존재하는 위성의 차와 합에 대한 정보를 구하였으며, 파장 632.8 nm인 헬륨-네온 레이저 광선에 대하여 종변위와 횡변위는 각각 정밀도 .lambda./40 및 .lambda./100 이내로 측정되었다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2009

The paper proposes a quantitative causal ordering map (QCOM) to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in a framework. The procedures for developing QCOM consist of three phases. The first phase is to collect partially known causal dependencies from experts and to convert them into relations and causal nodes of a model graph. The second phase is to find the global causal structure by tracing causality among relation and causal nodes and to represent it in causal ordering graph with signed coefficient. Causal ordering graph is converted into QCOM by assigning regression coefficient estimated from path analysis in the third phase. Experiments with the prediction model of Korea stock price show results as following; First, the QCOM can support the design of qualitative and quantitative model by finding the global causal structure from partially known causal dependencies. Second, the QCOM can be used as an integration tool of qualitative and quantitative model to offerhigher explanatory capability and quantitative measurability. The QCOM with static and dynamic analysis is applied to investigate the changes in factors involved in the model at present as well discrete times in the future.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1999

Based on the pore filling theory, the microstructure evolution during liquid-phase sintering has been analyzed in terms of interrelationship between average grain size and relative density. For constant liquid volume fraction, the microsturucture trajectories reduced to a single curve in a grain size(x)-density(y) map, regardless of grain growth constant. The slope of curves in the map was inversely proportional to average pore size, while it increased fapidly with liquid volume fraction. Increase in pore volume fraction retarded the densification considerably, but showed marginal effect on the slope. The activation energy of densification was predicted to be the same as that of grain growth as long as the liquid volume fraction is constant for any temperature range studied. The present analyses on microstricture evolution may demonstrate the usefulness of pore filling theory and provide a guideline for process optimization of liquid-phase sintering.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2021

In South Korea, there is a growing domestic need for a biotope map which contains ecological and environmental geographic information of a city. After the production of a Urban Ecological Maps(biotope map) by the Seoul metropolitan government in 2000, Natural Environment Conservation Act was revised in 2017 to make it mandatory for a local government to draw up its own urban ecological map. The aim of the present study was to find out ways to utilize an urban ecological map as a mean of communication between natural environment planning and urban planning sectors in a preliminary stage before introducing a big framework of 'environmental and ecological planning.' The northern area of Incheon metropolitan city was selected as the target area for this study. The major research content includes a comparative analysis of special-purpose zones, urban planning zones, restricted development zones, and conservation forests with focus on biotope types and Grades 1 of 'Biotope Type Assessment.' Farmland biotopes and forest biotopes within an area designated as an urban zone (residential, commercial and industrial zones) need to be redesignated as a zone which can conserve them. Especially considering a high possibility of damage to a large scale of natural green areas, these areas need to be readjusted immediately. If the entire area designated as an urban planning zone is to be developed, it is likely to cause serious damage to natural biotopes in the area (56.2%), including farmland biotope (30.4%), forest biotope (15.0%) and grassland biotope (10.8%), and thus, readjustment is needed. In case of a conservation forest, as it can possibly be damaged by the designation of special-purpose zones, it is necessary to match the designation of conservation forests or a special-purpose zones with their biotope types. In conclusion, we present a variety of thematic maps for utilization of an urban ecological map and propose a phase-specific environmental and ecological plan. Phase 1 is the establishment of a urban plan in consideration of ecological status; Phase 2 is the independent establishment of an environmental and ecological plan by an environment department; Phase 3 is an integrated management of ecological planning system and urban planning system.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.379-384
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• 1999

Taxol, a natural product with significant anti-tumor activity, stabilizes microtubules and arrests cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. It has been reported that taxol has additional effects on the cell such as an increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins and activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. This phosphorylated kinase translocates into the nucleus and phosphorylates its substrate c-jun, c-fos, ATF2, and ATF3. The MAP kinase family is comprised of key regulatory proteins that control the cellular response to both proliferation and stress signals. First examination was cytotoxicity and apoptosis-induced concentration with paclitaxel in HeLa cell. A half-maximal inhibition of cell proliferation ($IC_{50}$) occurred at 13 nM paclitaxel. When DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, a nucleosomal ladder became evident 24 h after a taxol (50 nM) addition to the cells. In addition, an apoptotic body was detected by electron microscopy. Taxol-treated cells were arrested at the S phase at 10 nM. Treatment of 50 nM taxol activated the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1), and a fraction of the activated MAP kinases entered the nucleus. It was also discovered that nucleus substrates c-jun was phosphorylated and activated in the cell. The activated ERK1 could subsequently translocate into the nucleus and phosphorylate its substrate c-jun as well. This study suggests that taxol-induced apoptosis might be related with signal transduction via MAP kinases.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제17권
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• pp.251-256
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• 2001

The expression of phase II detoxifying enzymes is affected by a variety of compounds and the induction of the enzymes plays an essential role in chemoprevention. A variety of phytochemicals such as sulfur-containing chemoprotective agents (SCC) may trigger cellular signals and activate phase II gene expression through ARE activation. see induces glutathione S-transferases. Studies were conducted to investigate the role of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) in the induction of GST (e.g. rGSTA2) by sec. We also studied the MAP kinase pathway responsible for the GST expression by see and compared that with the pathway activated by oxidative stress as a result of sulfur amino acids deprivation (SAAD). see inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1/2 although the effect of see on JNK and p38 MAP kinase was minimal. Wortmannin and LY294002. PI3-kinase inhibitors. abolished the increases in rGSTA2 mRNA and protein levels by SCC. Deprivation of cystine and methionine caused oxidative stress in H4IIE cells. as evidenced by a decrease in the reduced glutathione and an increase in prooxidant production. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that the ARE complex consisting of Nrf-1/2 and Maf proteins was activated 12~48 h. The rGSTA2 mRNA and protein levels were increased by SAAD. Activation of ARE and induction of rGSTA2 were both completely inhibited by PI3-kinase inhibitors. Inhibition of p38 MAP kinase by SB203580 prevented the ARE-mediated rGSTA2 induction. The results of this study showed that PI3-kinase might play an essential role in the ARE-mediated rGSTA2 induction by see or SAAD and that the dual MAP kinase pathways were responsible for the enzyme induction.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.538-547
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• 2016

Cloud computing is a new style of computing in which dynamically scalable and reconfigurable resources are provided as a service over the internet. The MapReduce framework is currently the most dominant programming model in cloud computing. It is necessary to protect the integrity of MapReduce data processing services. Malicious workers, who can be divided into collusive workers and non-collusive workers, try to generate bad results in order to attack the cloud computing. So, figuring out how to efficiently detect the malicious workers has been very important, as existing solutions are not effective enough in defeating malicious behavior. In this paper, we propose a security protection framework to detect the malicious workers and ensure computation integrity in the map phase of MapReduce. Our simulation results show that our proposed security protection framework can efficiently detect both collusive and non-collusive workers and guarantee high computation accuracy.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.2099-2104
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 마취 중 리턴맵 분석 방법을 적용하여 ECG 신호에서 R-R 간격의 변화로 표시될 수 있는 HRV 신호를 분석하였다. HRV신호는 자율신경계(autonomic nervous system : ANS)의 상태변이에 따른 심혈관계(cardio vascular system : CVS)의 변화 양상에 대한 객관적인 정보를 구할 수 있으므로 수술중 자율신경계의 변화를 관찰하여 마취심도를 평가할 수 있다. 리턴맵 분석 방법은 일련의 시계열 HRV 신호를 위상공간으로 사상하기 위해 지연시간과 매립차원을 구한 후 2차원의 위상공간에 신호를 재구성하였다. 위상공간에 재구성된 신호 분포를 타원형으로 근사화 한 후 장축과 단축의 길이를 구하여 마취심도를 구별하는데 이용하였다. 마취 단계별 마취심도를 평가하기 위하여 마취 단계를 7단계로 구분하여 분석하였다. 외부자극이 아주 강한 마취유도단계에서 장축과 단축 모두 통계적으로 유의하게 큰값을 나타내었으며, 외부 자극이 가해지지 않은 수술중 단계에서는 장축과 단축의 길이 모두 작은 값을 나타내었다. 따라서 2차원의 위상공간에 매립된 수술중의 HRV 신호를 이용하여 자율신경계의 영향을 판단하여 마취심도를 구분 할 수 있었다.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2017

실내위치를 찾는 방법으로 각 비콘으로부터 수신된 여러 신호들의 최대값의 상대적인 순위에 따라 비교대상 비콘과 참조위치를 동시에 일차적으로 솎아낸 후 살아남은 비콘과 참조위치 만으로 기존의 핑거프린트 방식을 적용하는 Cut-off 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 방식은 두 단계로 이루어져 있다. 오프라인 단계에서는 비콘을 실내 여러 참조위치에 설치하고 그로부터 발생되는 신호세기와 UUID를 미리 파악하여 핑거프린트 지도를 만든다. 온라인 단계에서는 우선 사용자의 이동장치에서 수신된 비콘들의 신호세기 데이터에 의거하여 앞서 만든 지도를 줄인다. 줄어든 지도를 활용하여 가장 유력한 K개의 참조위치를 파악하고 그 위치를 이용하여 사용자의 위치를 추정한다. 특이한 점은, 핑거프린트 지도에 기록하거나 위치를 추정하는 과정에서 고려되는 사항은 각 비콘으로부터 수신된 신호들의 최대값들의 상대적인 순위라는 점이다. 수시로 변화하는 신호세기 자체의 불안정성을 최소화하는 효과를 내기 때문에 추정위치의 정확성이 기존 방식과 차별화 되었다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2022

초광대역 장거리 전송 링크를 구현하기 위해서는 색 분산과 비선형 Kerr 현상에 의한 광 신호 왜곡을 보상해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 왜곡된 파장 분할 다중 채널을 보상하기 위한 분산 제어와 광 위상 공액을 결합한 링크를 제안하였다. 제안하는 분산 제어 링크에서의 분산 맵 프로파일은 일정한 주기로 반복하는 형태이고, 이러한 분산 제어 링크에서 광 위상 공액기는 전체 전송로 중간뿐만 아니라 여러 다양한 곳에 위치시켰다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안하는 분산 제어 링크에서 중계 구간의 잉여 분산 (RDPS; residual dispersion per span)을 비교적 큰 값으로 선택하면 광 위상 공액기가 전체 전송로 중간이 아닌 non-midway OPC 시스템에서 왜곡된 파장 분할 다중 채널의 보상을 전통적인 구조의 분산 제어 링크에서 보다 개선시킬 수 있는 것을 확인하였다.