• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.51 no.3
• /
• pp.207-216
• /
• 2020

The analysis method for qualitative analysis of the screening method that can be performed prior to the quantitative analysis of individual pesticide was reviewed in order to meet the safety standards that are being strengthened in the field of pesticide residue testing of herbal medicines. Among the residual pesticides presented in the Korean Pharmacopoeia, 56 pesticides, excluding 15 pesticides that need to be individually analyzed, were selected for analysis using QuEChERS preprocessing and GC-MS/MS, which are used in the existing agricultural products field. For each pesticide, the detection limit level of 0.001-0.005 mg/kg and the quantitative limit level of 0.002-0.017 mg/kg were confirmed. In the recovery test in which the standard was treated at a concentration of 0.02 mg/kg, it was confirmed that the proportion of pesticides satisfying the recovery of 70-120% was 85.7-96.4% for each herbal medicine, so it was confirmed that it was a level that could be reviewed by the screening method.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.202-205
• /
• 2011

The Angelica root has been used as a medicinal herb in many Asian countries including Korea, China, and Japan. Angelica gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba have been considered as Angelicae radix in Korean, Chinese, and Japanese Pharmacopoeia, respectively. Since the origins of Angelicae radix differ from country to country, there is a need to develop an efficient analytical method to identify the origin of the Angelica root. In order to obtain chemical fingerprints, three different Angelicae Radices were analyzed by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Significantly different DART-MS spectra were observed from three different species of Angelicae Radix. Strong peaks of decursin or decusinol angelate, and its dimer were exclusively found from A. gigas. Ligustilide and linoleic acid were detected as the major component from A. acutiloba. The strongest ligustilide peak was observed from A. sinensis. DART-MS fingerprinting is a promising method for the rapid identification and/or quality control of Angelicae Radix.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.155-160
• /
• 2009

The reference herbal extracts and their identification methods by Korean Pharmacopoeia IX were established based on the organic solvent extracts to detect their marker compounds. However, most of herbal medicine decoctions in the market are prepared with water as extracting solvent. As the reference herbal extracts and their identification methods are not appropriate for the practical test, new preparation of alternative reference herbal extracts and their identification test methods are essential for the correction of test methods and identification of herbal drugs. Three novel identification test methods were developed for Evodiae Fructus, Cimicifugae Rhizoma and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus. Total 10 reference herbal extracts and their identification methods were optimized for Ephedrae Herba, Schisandrae Fructus, Curcuma longae Rhizoma, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Puerariae Radix, Corni Fructus, and Cinnamomi Cortex.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.155-161
• /
• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study is to determine the origin and daily dose of Gardeniae Fructus in Shanghanlun. Methods : Define the origin and daily dose of Gardeniae Fructus by searching Shanhanlun and Herbology Books(本草書). And Compared these with those of current Gardeniae Fructus. Results : According to Shanhanlun, the origin of Gardeniae Fructus is Gardenia jasminoides, but G. jasminoides f. longicarpa must excluded since originally it was used for dyeing. Among the 8 prescriptions containing Gardeniae Fructus, 15 Gardeniae Fructuses for the daliy dose in Chijabekpi-tang(Zhizibopi-tang) is assumed to be 14 Gardeniae Fructuses, as it is found 14 in many other prescriptions same in other prescriptions. The quantity of 14 Gardeniae Fructuses in Shananlun is 3 Ryang(兩), which is equal to 19.5 g in the current measurement. 1 Gardeniae Fructus is equal to 1.4 g. The length of the Gardeniae Fructus in the market which is produced in korea is 22-27 mm, and the diameter is 15-19 mm, whereas in China it is 20-25 mm, and the diameter is 13-18 mm. This meets the standard requirements of the Pharmacopoeia. Conclusions : As a result from above, the origin of Gardeniae Fructus is Gardenia jasminoides, but G. jasminoides f. longicarpa must be excluded. The recommended dose in a day is 14 Gardeniae Fructuses, which is equivalent to 19.5 g, the amount generally used in Shanhanlun.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.656-663
• /
• 2001

The quality of an intravenous immunoglobulin preparation (IVIG) is reflected by the degree of nonspecific activation of complements, the so-called anticomplementary activity (ACA). ACA of aggregates in IVIG was investigated using method by the European Pharmacopoeia and Clq-coated microtiter enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Both the EP method and the ELISA method showed a dose response curve with the amount of complements bound increasing with the percentage content of aggregates in immunoglobulin standard. The correlation between the two tests was good (r=0.96, r=0.99). However, the correlation was not found when the ACA (EP method) of IVIG product was compared with its aggregate percentage. These results emphasize that the method of aggregate formation affects ACA and that estimation of the percentage distribution of aggregates by HPLC may not reflect ACA. In analysing WIG product for Clq binding activity test with the ELISA, the result by using Protein A-HRP correlated with aggregate percentage (r=0.84). But the correlation decreased (r=0.48) when the result used Protein A-AP(having poorer sensitivity than HRP) was compared with aggregate percentage. As a result, some variation between the two methods, due to differences in assay principles, is to be expected. However, ELISA technique has the advantage in that it is easier to perform, more precise and less subject to reagent variability, and is the more suitable screening method than HPLC analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.620-625
• /
• 2011

A simple, rapid potentiometric back titration of Isoniazid (INH) in the presence of Rifampicin (RIF) in tablets and syrups is described. The method is based on the oxidation of INH by a known excess of copper (II) ion and the back titration of unreacted copper (II) ion potentiometrically with ascorbic acid using a lab-made Copper Based Mercury Film Electrode (CBMFE). The titration conditions have been optimized for the determination of 1.0-10.0 mg of INH in pure and dosage forms. The precision and accuracy of the method have been assessed by the application of lack-of-fit test and other statistical methods. Interference was not caused by RIF and other excipients present in dosage forms. Application of the method for INH assay in tablets and syrups was validated by comparison of the results of proposed method with that of the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) method using F- and t- statistical tests of significance.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.55-63
• /
• 2002

The plant origines of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Atractylodis Rhizoma are genus Atractylodes*Compositae). Their origines in pharmacopoeia are slightly different among Korea, Japan, North Korea and China. The species of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba are Atrctylodes japonica $K_{OIDZ}$. A. ovata $T_{HUNB}$.. Atractylodis Rhizoma are A. lancea DC., A. chinensis DC. and A. koreana $K_{ITM}$. But the texonomic genealogy of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba is different from that of Atractylodis Rhizoma. The herbal origines of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Atractylodis Rhizoma were not different at the early days. Since Tao-Hong-Jing(陶弘景) distinguished between Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Atractylodis Rhizoma at the very beginning, theri medicinal usages are different, Atractylodis Rhizoma have been used to remove pathogenic dampness in the digestive organs and Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba have been used to invigorate the digestive system and replenish qi. In additions, the figures and historical records of herbal appearance are different between Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Atractylodis Rhizoma. The diagnostics of them are in accord with the texonomic genealogies.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.93-97
• /
• 2000

As indicated by Chinese letters “沙赫” (sha-ji) is the ripe fruit of Seabuckthron(Hippophae rhamnoides Linneus) family Flaeagnaceae is one of ancient natural medicine used by the Tibetan and Mongolian nationallites with ancient methods to treat desease. It is an effectiv Traditional Tibetan medicine. Bud only now are they beginning to be understood in the world of modern medicine. Hippophae was written in the book of Traditional Tibetan Medicine - “Somalaza” (8th century), “Sibuyidian” (1840) and “Jingzhubencao” (Qing Dynasty). The “Sibuyidien” was trnslated in to the Russian and published at 1903 in the Russian. Then the Russian bigan to study on Hippophae and they have achieved great successes. The Chinese scientists began to study on the chemical constituent and medical action with modern technique at 1952. With more than 40 years painstaking eport they have conceived and used a wide variety of experimental screening systems, achieved successes. Finally they with one's own tests has keen verified that the crude drug being various kind of bioactive substance could inhibits tumor, increase immunity, wipe out free radical, prevent disease of cardiovascular system, have anti-radiation, anti-inflammeutory effects. At 1977 the Hippophae rhamnoides was written in Chinase Pharmacopoeia.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.222-227
• /
• 2019

Quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) is a well-established method adopted by international pharmacopoeia for quantitative and purity analyses. Emodin is a type of anthraquinone, well known as the main active component of Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae. Purity analysis of emodin is usually performed by using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV method. However, it cannot detect impurities such as salts, volatile matter, and trace elements. Using the qNMR method, it is possible to determine the compound content as well as the nature of the impurities. Several experimental parameters were optimized for the quantification, such as relaxation delay, spectral width, number of scans, temperature, pulse width, and acquisition time. The method was validated, and the results of the qNMR method were compared with those obtained by the HPLC and mass balance analysis methods. The qNMR method is specific, rapid, simple, and therefore, a valuable and reliable method for the purity analysis of emodin.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2021

For toxicity assessment, water extracts and powders from the Asiasari Radix et Rhizoma were manufactured and the component analysis were analyzed according to the Korean Pharmacopoeia method. Stability tests of water extracts and powders from the Asiasari Radix et Rhizoma were investigated at room temperature and refrigerated for one year. Two samples were found to have been stable for a year after analyzing them with HPLC. Therefore, the use of the water extracts and powders of Asiasari Radix et Rhizoma after preparation during the animal test turned out to be stable.