• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2023

Background and Objective: With the advancement of cancer treatments and increased life expectancy, managing breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) is essential to improve the quality of life for cancer patients. This study aimed to compare the major rapid onset opioids in Korea based on their characteristics and costs to determine the best option for each patient. Methods: Based on sales information from IQVIA-MIDAS, sublingual fentanyl tablet (SLF), fentanyl buccal tablet (FBT), and oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) were selected as the top three drugs for the treatment of BTcP in Korea, considering them the most comparable drugs. The cost and cost-pain relief ratio of the drugs for short-term (1 month) and long-term (1 year) treatment were compared and the ease of administration based on various factors, including pharmacokinetics, onset of action, and administration procedures were evaluated. Results: SLF was evaluated as the best overall in terms of rapid onset of action, ease of administration, and drug cost and also had the highest market share. SLF had the lowest cost pain relief ratio for both the initial and supplemental treatment for the 1-month pain intensity difference 15 (PID15) ratio. However, for the 1-month PID30 ratio, SLF was not superior to OTFC or FBT. The longer the breakthrough cancer pain duration, the more cost-effective the other rapid onset opioids. Conclusion: The rapid onset opioids that fit the patient's breakthrough cancer pain pattern have the best cost-effectiveness.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2013

The marine biotechnology industry is very significant as compared to other industries as one of the driving forces for economic growth in the next generation in Korea. However, the marine biotechnology market has been considered as a component of the biotechnology industry market which made difficult for creating separate research areas in relation to the scope of the relevant industry market as well as making it difficult to establish its own R&D policy strategies. Accordingly, this study was executed to estimate the future long-term market value of the marine biotechnology within the limit of industrial field and to verify the importance of national R&D investment in marine biotechnology on the basis of estimations within the industrial perspective. To this end, we classified the marine biotechnology industry into the four sub-sectors and estimated the domestic and global industrial market in 2010 and 2024. According to the results, the domestic and global market of the marine biotechnology industry will see a remarkable growth by 2024. In particular, the bio-energy, pharmaceutical and functional foods industry markets will achieve astonishing advances. On the basis of the analysis results, Korea has to establish more progressive and aggressive R&D investment strategies to strengthen national competitiveness through the marine biotechnology industry.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2013

Background: For Korean pharmaceutical industry to continue to grow, it is requisite to enter the global markets of developed countries. However, the export volume has fallen short of 10% of the gross sales and the industry has only recently warming up to prepare the globalization along with suchlike the Columbus Project. Purpose: This research was conducted to identify the difficulties Korean pharmaceutical companies perceived and to discover the gap in the needs for the government aid the companies have been seeking in the purpose of entering the developed pharmaceutical markets. Method: A survey method was used for this research. Six experts were surveyed and provided comments for the pre-questionnaire. Then, a final questionnaire was developed consisting of 10 items on regulatory-related and another 10 items on non-regulatory-related factors in drug exportation using the Likert scale (1 to 5). The survey sample was 30 Korean companies which have participated in the Columbus Project since 2010. Results: Nineteen (63%) companies responded to the survey. Most companies perceived difficulty (mean = 4.19) over the entire pathway of the regulatory process of global markets. Clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance were remarked as the most difficult barrier to follow the regulatory globalization. Among non-regulatory related factors, marketing, arranging a distribution network, obtaining experts, and projecting a timeline in exportation were brought up as the most difficulty. Conclusion: Especially, cost and language barrier were considered as the main cause producing these difficulties across regulatory and non-regulatory processes and accordingly, securing both long term budget and experts at governmental level was suggested by the domestic pharmaceutical companies.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to clarify the effects of agarwood on histamine release from mast cells in rats and on the scratching behaviors in mice. Methods: Histamine release from rat mast cells induced by compound 48/80 or concanavalin A (Con A) and compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice were examined to investigate the effects of agarwood. The hyaluronidase activity and the 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in mast cells were examined to investigate the mechanisms for the inhibition of histamine release. The correlation between the inhibitory effects of agarwood on histamine release and the content of its typical ingredients, a 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives, was analyzed using thin-layer chromatography. Results: Agarwood showed an inhibitory effect on mast-cell histamine release induced by compound 48/80 or Con A without any effect on hyaluronidase activity; this effect involves an increase in the cAMP levels in mast cells. Oral administration of agarwood showed an inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice. The inhibitory effects of agarwood on histamine release were quite different, depending on the area where the agarwood was produced, its quality, and its market price. No correlation was found between the inhibitory effects of agarwood on histamine release and the typical ingredients of agarwood, which are 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone derivatives. Conclusion: These results show that agarwood inhibits histamine release from mast cells partially through an increase in the cAMP levels in cells. We suggest that some active ingredients of agarwood must be effective on oral intake and that agarwood can be used to treat patients with a number of conditions, including urticaria, atopic dermatitis, and bronchial asthma, in which an increase in histamine release occurs. Differences in the pharmacological effects of this crude drug among markets may provide important information for the quality control of this herbal medicine.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2012

Purpose : This study aims to suggest application of patients DB to hospital marketing by performing market segmentation and selecting target market. Consequently help to establish suited strategy of marketing. Method : 14,072 patients hospitalized in a University Medical Center were recruited into this study. In order to classify the customer groups, cluster analysis was used with RFM(Recency, Frequency, Monetary) model, and 1-way ANOVA verified the differences among groups. And then, sociodemographical status, healthcare utilization and diagnosis(ICD-10) of each group were compared to draw a marketing strategy. Results : Four groups were classified through clustering analysis, and'high use and high profit' and'low use and high profit' groups were selected as a target market. The features of target market were as follows, the female proportion was high; used a private room; hospitalized through the emergency room; had operation; length of stay was long; had many comorbidity and cooperative treatment. There was difference in each feature of target market: as for the'high use and high profit' group, many patients were diagnosed with 'certain infectious and parasitic diseases'; and as for the'low use and high profit'group, the proportion of patients who purchased'industrial accident compensation insurance'and'auto insurance'was relatively high; many patients were diagnosed with'Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes'. Conclusion : It is needed to establish'positioning' strategy by monitoring and communicating with'high use and high profit' group. And for the case of'low use and high profit' group, it is necessary to make a follow-up management and lead them to have a medical check-up.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.356-365
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• 2017

본 연구는 글로벌 제약 및 바이오 기업을 대상으로 내부특허, 산학특허, 매입특허의 양적 수준이 경영성과에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 내부특허 중심으로만 이루어진 기존연구들의 단점을 보완하고자하였다. 기존의 연구방식으로는 산학협력 및 매입을 통해 특허를 확보하고 있는 글로벌 대기업들의 경영성과를 설명하는데 어려움이 있었다. 특히 제약 및 바이오 기업의 경우 M&A를 통한 특허의 매입이 빈번히 일어나고 있어 매입 특허의 분석이 매우 중요함에도 불구하고 하나하나의 특허 명세서를 추적해 권리관계의 변동을 조사해야하는 어려움 때문에 연구가 진행되지 못했었다. 또한 연구방법 측면에서도 기존 성장모형에 특허가 경영성과에 영향을 주는데 걸리는 시간을 감안해 t-3년까지의 유한 시차를 고려한 확장모형을 제시했다. 분석결과 양적 특허수준은 매출에 미치는 영향은 적었고 시장가치에 상대적으로 큰 영향을 미쳤으며 수익에는 중간 정도의 영향력을 미쳤다. 3가지 특허중 기업의 시장가치에는 내부특허가 가장 큰 영향력을 미쳤고 매출과 수익에는 매입특허가 가장 큰 영향력을 나타내었다. 제약 바이오 기업에 있어서 매입특허가 경영성과에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나오는 이유는 제약 및 바이오 기업의 연구개발이 오랜 시간과 비용이 소요되며, 여러 가지 기술의 융복합이 필요한 연구이기 때문에 빠른 시간 안에 기술을 확보하는 것이 중요하고 이를 위해 기업들이 특허를 매입하거나 M&A를 함으로써 문제를 해결하고 있기 때문으로 판단되어진다. 본 연구는 글로벌 제약 및 바이오 기업들이 최적 특허 포트폴리오 구성을 할 수 있도록 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.58-76
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• 2003

Background : Aim of this study is focused on the analysis of the needed abilities of medical representatives resulting in building up the market and increasing sales. It is to propose methods to increase this ability ensuring continuous growth in market share and profit. Methods : A survey was conducted between January 6 and May 31, 2003. Using SPSS(Version 10.0), the collected data was analyzed by Hotelling T2, factor analysis. Some hypotheses were selected to include the conclusion. Some questionnaires for physicians working in hospitals or clinics and the medical representatives working in a pharmaceutical company were created and asked to them to either prove or reject those hypotheses. The results were analyzed to find the primary factors that effect the interactions between physician and the medical representatives. These factors were also studied along with the theoretical research based on published references. Results : The results were as follows. The main reasons for the physician to meet with a medical representatives were collection of product informations needed for patient treatment and collection of informations on current medical issue and as well as personal interests. The main parameters by which physicians evaluate the medical representatives are human relationship including sincerity and manners and supply of accurate and unbiased information on products. Overall, the medical representatives' perception on the importance of medical knowledge and ability to deliver it are lower than that expected by physicians. Conclusion : Medical and pharmaceutical companies' environment are changed rapidly. And those changes forced medical representatives to set new roles and competency. In order to drive away from the past 'rule of thumb' and 'adaptation to circumstance', optimal method and systemic development to train and support the medical representatives should be quipped. They will help medical representatives to be specialists in medical knowledge and to understand the exact need of health care professions. Product competitiveness will be increased and eventually successful business can be achieved through it.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this report was to provide the information packaging of herbal medicines by analyzing papers. We investigated the packaging materials, packaging methods and expiration date of herbal medicines by analyzing papers of the Korea, Japan and China. Methods : We survey herbal medicine-related law and crude drug monograph of compendium in each three country, we purchased herbal medicine of the Korea, Japan and China in the market and verify the expressed-item in packing paper. In case of Japan, we examine packaging materials, packaging methods, and expiration date of herbal medicine in pharmaceutical company. Results : The pharmaceutical company in japan used the methods of nitrogen gas pouring, vacuum packing for the herbal medicine packaging. The expiration date of the herbal products in Japan is generally 3 to 5 year after packaging. And packaging materials were aluminium and polyethylene. In Korea, pharmaceutical company used airtight packing for the herbal medicine packaging and expiration date of the herbal product were generally 3 year after packaging. Packaging materials were polyethylene, nylon or polyethylene-nylon mixed materials. In China, pharmaceutical company also used airtight packing for the herbal medicine packaging, and the expiration date were generally 5 year after packaging. Packaging materials were polyethylene, wrapping paper-used parcel or tea leaves filter paper. Conclusion : This results can present the basic data for expiration date and preservation methods of the herbal roots in Korea.

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2013

A Korean folk medicine, "DangYak (當藥)" has been used as a bitter stomachic in Korea. With regard to the botanical origin of this crude drug, it has been considered to be from Swertia species (Gentianaceae), but there was no pharmacognostical confirmation on it. In this study, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of three Swertia species growing in Korea, Swertia japonica Makino, S. pseudochinensis Hara and S. tetrapetala Pall. were compared to clarify the botanical origin of "DangYak". As a result, it was determined that the commercial "DangYak" from Korean traditional market was proved to be the whole plant body mixture of Swertia japonica and Swertia pseudochinensis.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 1994

The previous vitamin assays in soft capsules have been performed only with capsule contents. Since some vitamins, however, could migrate into gelatin layer of the soft capsules, each vitamin of multivitamin soft capsules in the market was analyzed simultaneously in both capsule content and gelatin layer. The results showed that migrations of nicotinamide and pyridoxine hydrochloride into gelatin layer were pronounced, while those of other vitamins were negligible.