• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to develope the remediation method of contaminated soils with metals and petroleum. The diesel degrading strain was isolated and identified from the soil contaminated by petroleum at industrial sites. Diesel biodegradation experiment was performed by diesel degrading bacteria in both solution and soil slurry. Contaminated soils by Zn or As and diesel were treated consecutively by steam-vapor extraction, biodegradation, and acid washing. The strain was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and named as Pseudomonas aeruginosa TPH1. The optimal culture conditions of TPH1 were $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, 3% of diesel concentration. Biodegradation of diesel was performed using the separated strain in liquid medium, and 63% of diesel was degraded in 72 hours. And 52% of diesel was removed in the tested soils. In the treatment of contaminated soils with diesel and Zn or As, 29% ~ 44% of diesel was reduced by steamvapor extraction, 60% ~ 71% of diesel was removed after biodegradation. 47% of Zn and 96% of As were removed after acid(mixture of sulfuric and oxalic acids) washing. It is recommended that consecutive treatment method of steam-vapor extraction, biodegradation and acid washing is effective for remediation of complex contaminated soils with metals and petroleum.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.148-156
• /
• 2006

20,000ppm의 디젤로 오염시킨 토양으로부터 디젤 분해 활성이 있는 균주를 순수분리 하여 이를 동정하고 디젤유 분해능과 특성을 조사하였다. 분리된 균주는 각각 SJD2 및 SJD4로 명명하였으며, 최소배지에 디젤을 유일 탄소원으로 첨가하여 잔류 디젤 농도를 분석한 결과, SJD2 균주는 29.3%의 분해 효율을 가진 것으로 확인되었다. 각 균주의 16s-rDNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 SJD2 균주는 Bacillus fusiformis, SJD4 균주는 Bacillus cereus로 동정되었다. 실제 토양에서의 적용을 위해 microcosm을 제작하여 14일간 토양에서의 디젤 분해능을 측정한 결과, SJD2 균주가 24.9%의 분해 효율을 보였다. 두 균주 모두 $25^{\circ}C-37^{\circ}C$에서 생장이 활발히 일어나 실제 토양에서도 이용이 가능할 것으로 예상되며 pH 7-8, 디젤 농도는 2%일 때 디젤 분해 효율이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.310-314
• /
• 2002

To investigate the effect of on-site bioremediation in soil that have been contaminated by hydrocarbon fuel spills, petroleum-degrading bacteria isolated from soil around petroleum chemical industry and microbial agents were constructed. We investigated biopiles for on-site bioremediation of soil contaminated (5000 mg per kg) with bunker A fuel in five independent lab-scale experiments. Five biopile units constituting the following treatments: (1) control with no nutrients and microbial agents (2) microbial agent M plus nutrients (3) microbial agent C plus nutrients (4) only microbial agent C (5) control with only nutrients. The results were highly different one another. After 30 days in treatments with optimal condition, total petroleum hydrocarbons were reduced to below 10 mg per kg of soil at the biopile units mixed with microbial agents, but control biopile units show that were reduced from 1,105 to 2,588 mg per kg of soil. Our results show that microbial agents at on-site bioremediation of fuel-contaminated soil is highly effective.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.737-741
• /
• 1999

본 연구에서 분리된 phenanthrene 분해균주의 대부분이 소수성을 나타내었고, 미생물계면활성제를 생산하면서 분해하는 균주보다 phenanthrene 분해능이 높았다. 균주 H6의 경우 phenanthrene 분해시 생산되는 미생물계면활성제는 포도당을 분해할 때도 생산되면 미생물의 성장과 더불어 증가하다가 stationary phase에서 일정하게 유지되었다. H6는 Bacillus subtilis로서 분리된 미생물계면활성제는 lipopeptide이었으며 H6에서 추출한 미생물계면활성제는 pH 2 이하에서 거의 회수되었고, 분산력이 Tween 80이나 Brij 30 등 화학계면활성제보다 높았고 열에 강한 특성을 보였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.363-367
• /
• 2003

Batch experiments were performed to determine optimum conditions for biopile. The batch experiments results showed that 12.5 to 17.9% of moisture content was effective to biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon regardless of soil texture. Total heterotrophic bacteria populations in the inoculum-treated soil were greater than of the control and nutrient-amended soil in the early stage, but the populations in the inoculum and nutrient-amended soil were not different significantly from those in the latter stage regardless of soil texture. The same trend was observed for petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria populations. The results of the biodegradation capacity experiments showed that there was a decline in the TPH concentrations during the experiments and no significant difference on the biodegradation was observed by treatment in silt soil. Changes of n-C17/pristane and n-C18/phytane ratios in all treated soil were significantly more than those of control. This is a strong indication of biodegradation. The TPH removal rate was calculated at 60% in all treated soil.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.1599-1606
• /
• 2011

유류분해에 있어 혼합미생물제제의 효과를 평가하기 위해 미생물제제의 처리성능과 microcosm test를 수행하였다. 유류분해세균은 0.5% Arabian heavy crude oil을 유일 탄소원으로 제공된 최소배지를 이용한 연속적인 농후배양을 통하여 분리하였다. 우수 유류분해 미생물조합인 3종의 균주(BS1, BS2, BS4)는 MSM배지에서 5일의 배양기간 동안 지방족 탄화수소를 48.4%, 방향족 탄화수소를 30.5% 생분해하였다. 처리성능 및 microcosm test는 Arabian heavy crude oil을 첨가한 후 3가지 처리조건인 무처리, 무기영양염처리 그리고 무기영양염 및 혼합미생물처리조건에서 유류화합물의 생물분해에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 무기영양염처리구와 무기영양염 및 혼합미생물처리구에서 지방족 탄화수소의 분해율은 실험기간 동안 유의하게 향상되었으며 두 실험구간 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 무기영양염 및 혼합미생물처리구에서 방향족 탄화수소의 생분해율은 무기영양염제만을 처리한 시험구와 비교하여 처리성능 시험의 경우 50% 그리고 microcosm test의 경우 13%를 향상시켰다. 본 연구의 결과로부터 혼합미생물제제는 실험실, 처리성능 및 microcosm test에서 지방족뿐만 아니라 방향족 탄화수소의 생물분해를 촉진하였다. 특히 혼합미생물제제는 방향족 탄화수소의 제거를 위한 생물정화기술의 적용에 있어 유용한 도구로 판단된다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.32-38
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the slurping process affecting the variation of free product and VOCs concentration and the bioaugmentation effect on bioremediation process. Free products and soil gas were extracted from 30 extraction wells installed in a petroleum contaminated area. The extraction system was operated for 10 hours per day with 1 hour on-and-off mode. The thickness of free product in extraction well was decreased from 11.7 cm to 4.5 cm and the VOCs concentration was increased from 10.37 ppm to 30.78 ppm during the operation period. After the slurping process for 2 months, contaminated soil was treated with bioremediation process in 2 cells, $15{\times}40$ m, biologically enhanced with adjusting oxygen, moisture and nutrients concentration. Total 1,400 L of microbial inoculant, Naturesys. (Dong Myung Ent. Co.) was added to the pile B, which has an outstanding ability for degrading petroleum hydrocarbons. The results showed that bioremediaton effect in soil with the microorganisms solution is 33% higher than that in soil with only residual bacteria.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.63-66
• /
• 2008

Anthracene is a PAH that is not readily degraded, plus its degradation mechanism is still not clear. Thus, two strains of anthracene-degrading bacteria were isolated from long-term petroleum-polluted soil and identified as Sphingomonas sp. 12A and Pseudomonas sp. 12B by a 16S rRNA sequence analysis. To further enhance the anthracene-degrading ability of the two strains, the biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa $W_3$ were used, which were characterized as rhamnolipids. It was found that these rhamnolipids dramatically increased the solubility of anthracene, and a reverse-phase HPLC assay showed that the anthracene degradation percentage after 18 days with Pseudomonas sp. 12B was significantly enhanced from 34% to 52%. Interestingly, their effect on the degradation by Sphingomonas sp. 12A was much less, from 35% to 39%. Further study revealed that Sphingomonas sp. 12A also degraded the rhamnolipids, which may have hampered the effect of the rhamnolipids on the anthracene degradation.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2014

This paper reported the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and the culture-based method in the intrinsic bioremediation study at a petroleum contaminated site. The study showed that phenol hydroxylase gene was detected in groundwater contaminated with benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene isomers (BTEX) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). This indicated that intrinsic bioremediation occurred at the site. DGGE analyses revealed that the petroleum-hydrocarbon plume caused the variation in microbial communities. MTBE degraders including Pseudomonas sp. NKNU01, Bacillus sp. NKNU01, Klebsiella sp. NKNU01, Enterobacter sp. NKNU01, and Enterobacter sp. NKNU02 were isolated from the contaminated groundwater using the cultured-based method. Among these five strains, Enterobacter sp. NKNU02 is the most effective stain at degrading MTBE without the addition of pentane. The MTBE biodegradation experiment indicated that the isolated bacteria were affected by propane. Biodegradation of MTBE was decreased but not totally inhibited in the mixtures of BTEX. Enterobacter sp. NKNU02 degraded about 60% of MTBE in the bioreactor study. Tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), acetic acid, 2-propanol, and propenoic acid were detected using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry during MTBE degraded by the rest cells of Enterobacter sp. NKNU02. The effectiveness of bioremediation of MTBE was assessed for potential field-scale application.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1991

Sulfate-reducing bacteria have been isolated from soil and their abilities to degrade dibenzothiophene (DBT) were compared with those of type cultures. Among the strains tested a soil isolate M6 showed the highest ability to degrade DBT. Isolate M6 was characterized as a mesophilic obligatory anaerobe. The morphology of the bacterium was vibrioid with the size of $0.4-0.7{\;}\mu\textrm{m}{\;}by{\;}1.0-1.5{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$. Gram reaction was negative and nonsporulating. Desulfoviridin is present. Lactate, pyruvate, ethanol and malate supported growth of the bacterium in the presence of sulfate. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and sulfur served as electron acceptors for growth. Hydrogenase was present. The mol% of guanine and cytosine of DNA was determined as 56%. The bacterium produced viscous material. From these results, the isolate M6 was identified as Desulfovibrio desulfuricans.