• Title/Summary/Keyword: Petroleum contaminated soil

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Efficiency Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Plant and Groundwater Level by Pump and Treat Technology Applied for Petroleum Contaminated Site (유류오염 지하수 정화를 위한 양수처리법 적용시 지하수위 변화 및 수처리장치의 효율평가)

  • Cho, Chang-Hwan;Kim, Joon-Ho;Park, Min-Kyu;Kim, Tae-Hyung;Choi, Yoen-Soo;Choi, Sang-Il
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.33-38
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    • 2014
  • This study was performed to evaluate the applicability of pump and treat technology as well as to identify the changes of groundwater level by continuous pumping at the petroleum contaminated site. A total of 9 monitoring wells were installed at the site and the contaminant concentrations, TPH, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene, of groundwater were measured. With the results of the groundwater monitoring, a total of 9 wells were set up for pumping contaminated groundwater in 3 locations. The waste water treatment facility with a capacity of $10m^3/hr$ was installed in the site and operated for about 1 year. The concentrations of the contaminated groundwater from the 3 pumping wells were exceeded groundwater regulation for benzene and TPH. However, the effluent concentration of benzene and TPH was under the regulation showing the maximum level of 0.011 mg/L and 1.2 mg/L during the operation periods. Groundwater levels were decreased by continuous pumping and those were not recovered during the operation period. Groundwater levels of PW-1,2, PW-3,4,5,6 and PW-7,8,9 were decreased about 5 m, 0.7 m, 2 m, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity (K) of the region of PW-1,2, PW-3,4,5,6 and PW-7,8,9 was estimated to be $6.143{\times}10^{-5}cm/sec$, $2.675{\times}10^{-5}cm/sec$, $1.198{\times}10^{-4}cm/sec$. Groundwater level was seemed to be affected not by hydraulic conductivity but by morphological effect. These results show that the pump and treat technology has high applicability for the restoration of petroleum contaminated groundwater but needs continuous monitoring to prevent rapid groundwater drawdown.

Environmental Remedial Investigation and plan for the soil and groundwater contaminated with petroleum (유류오염 토양/지하수 환경복원 조사${\cdot}$설계 사례)

  • Kim, Young-Woong
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.09a
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    • pp.57-74
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    • 2001
  • The risk of the soil and groundwater that contaminated with petroleum is well known. The behaviour of petroleum in subsurface is governed by combined mechanism of several processes such as volatilization, adsorption, dissolution, biodegradation, etc. Large number of methods of remedial investigation and plan, therefore, have been developed and practiced. In application of the method, it is required engineer understands the mechanism of fate of petroleum in subsurface. So sampling procedures is very important for investigating the type of contaminants and their concentration as well as the selection of items that must be tested. For designing the remedial method, it is also required engineers to verify the structural formation of geology and the locational conditions of a land in detail, to familiar with the regulation, and to investigate the problems that can be happened after the performance was begun. In this paper it is shown that the investigation methods of contaminated land and the proper selection procedure of remedial method using the case history.

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Laboratory-scale Microcosm Studies in Assessing Enhanced Bioremediation Potential of BTEX and MTBE under Various Electron Acceptors in Contaminated Soil

  • 오인석;이시진;장순웅
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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    • 2003.09a
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    • pp.368-371
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    • 2003
  • Accidental release of petroleum products from underground storage tank(USTs) is one of the most common causes of groundwater contamination. BTEX is the major components of fuel oils, which are hazardous substances regulated by many nations. In addition to BTEX, other gasoline consituents such as MTBE(methyl-t-buthyl ether), anphthalene are also toxic to humans. Natual attenuation processes include physic, chemical, and biological trasformation. Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation are believed to be the major processes that account for both containment of the petroleum-hydrocarbon plum and reduction of the contaminant concentrations. Aerobic bioremediation has been highly effective in the remediation of many fuel releases. However, Bioremediation of aromatic hydrocarbons in groundwater and sediments is ofen limited by the inability to provide sufficient oxygen to the contaminated zones due to the low water solubility of oxygen. Anaerobic processes refer to a variety of biodegradation mechanisms that use nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide as terminal electron accepters. The objectives of this study was to conduct laboratory-scale microcosm studies in assessing enhanced bioremediation potential of BTEX and MTBE under various electron accepters(aerobic, nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate) in contaminated Soil. these results suggest that, presents evidence and a variety pattern of the biological removal of aromatic compounds under enhanced nitrate-, Fe(III)-, sulfate-reducing conditions.

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Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soils by Pilot Scale Biopile (Pilot 규모 biopile에 의한 유류오염토양의 정화)

  • Yoon, Jeong Ki;Noh, Hoe-Jung;Kim, Hyuk;Kim, Jong Ha;Kim, Tae Seung;Ko, Sung Hwan
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.10-18
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    • 2013
  • The pilot scale biopile system was designed and operated for evaluation of bioremediation efficiency for petroleum contaminated soil. The pilot scale biopile consisted of biopile dome, aeration system and monitoring system and two biopiles were operated with nutrients and inoculum for more 100 days. The test pile A and B were analyzed with regard to pH, total carbon contents, water contents, nutrients (N, P) and TPH. The initial TPH concentrations for pile A and pile B were about 10,000 mg/kg and 2,300 mg/kg, respectively. After 100 days, the TPH contents decreased about 70% in the pile A and 30% in the pile B. Also, n-$C_{17}$/pristane and n-$C_{18}$/phytane ratios in all pile were significantly changed. The microbial densities in the pile A was increased by approximately $10^7$ CFU/g-soil~$10^8$ CFU/g-soil, but there was almost no changed in the pile B. The average biodegradation rates were calculated about 66.8 mg/kg-day in the pile A and 10.9 mg/kg-day in the pile B. Over the course of operation period, pile temperature was considered the major limiting factor for the efficiency of all biopiles.

Effects of Diesel Dose and Soil Texture on Variation in the Concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in the Diesel-Contaminated Soil (경유 주입량과 토양 조성에 따른 유류 오염토양 내 TPH 측정 농도 변화 연구)

  • Jeong, Jongshin;Kim, Hakyong;Lee, Sojin;Jeong, Seung-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.69-72
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    • 2015
  • This study investigated the effects of oil dose and soil texture on the analysis results for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in artificially oil-contaminated soils. The same amount of diesel was mixed with soils having different soil texture, and soil TPH concentrations were then analyzed for comparison. Presence of clay in the soil showed lower soil TPH analysis results than that of sand only. As the clay content was increased in the soil, the lower soil TPH concentration was obtained by incompleteness of solvent extraction. As the organic matter content in soil was increased from 5.2% to 10% (weight basis), a higher concentration of TPH was obtained by TPH analysis. However, at a higher organic content in the soil, 18%, resulted in a lower TPH concentration than those of 5.2% and 10%. Gasoline dose to the soil resulted in a significantly low TPH concentration due to the volatilization of gasoline while soil mixing and analysis. This study results would provide fundamental information either to the expectation of TPH concentration in artificially oil-contaminated soil or to estimation of oil release in the real oil-contaminated site.

The Priority Management Ranking by using the Classification of Vulnerable Areas for the Soil Contamination in Busan Metropolitan City (부산시 토양오염 취약지역 등급화를 이용한 우선관리대상 순위 선정)

  • Jung, Hyunjung;Lee, Minhee;Doe, Jinwoo
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.20 no.7
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study is to highlight the National Classification System related to cleanup the soil contaminated sites and to provide some guidance to address the priority management rank system before the remediation for Busan metropolitan city. Based on the previous soil investigation data, the quantitative classification of vulnerable areas for soil pollution was performed to successfully manage the contaminated sites in Busan. Ten evaluation factors indicating the high soil pollution possibility were used for the priority management ranking system and 10 point was assigned for each factor which was evenly divided by 10 class intervals. For 16 Gu/Guns in Busan, the score of each evaluation factor was assigned according to the ratio of the area (or the number) between in each Gu (or Gun) and in Busan. Ten scores for each Gu (or Gun) was summed up to prioritize the vulnerable Gu or Guns for soil pollution in Busan. Results will be available to determine the most urgent area to cleanup in each Gu (or Gun) and also to assist the municipal government to design a successful and cost-effective site management strategy in Busan.

A Study on the In-Situ Soil Vapor Extraction and Soil Flushing for the Remediation of the Petroleum Contaminated Site (유류로 오염된 토양 복원을 위한 토양가스추출 및 세척공정의 현장적용 연구)

  • Ko, Seok-Oh;Kwon, Soo-Youl;Yoo, Hee-Chan;Kang, Hee-Man;Lee, Ju-Goang
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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    • v.1 no.3 s.3
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    • pp.83-92
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    • 2001
  • Field investigations for subsurface soil and groundwater at a gas station showed that the site was severely contaminated and even petroleum compounds as free liquid state were observed. Pilot-scale soil flushing and soil vapor extraction process(SVE) were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of pollutants removal. Surfactant solution, Tween 80, was used to enhance the solubility of petroleum compounds and resulted in about 10 times increase on TPH(Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) concentration. As for SVE method, maximum concentration of TPH and BTEX reached within 24 hours of extraction and then continuously decreased. Considerations on the groundwater level and the kinetic limitation for volatilization of contaminants have to be taken into account for the effective application of SVE process.

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Identification of Jet fuel (JP-8) in Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil through the Qualitative Analysis of Antioxidants (유류 오염 토양 중 산화방지제 정성 분석을 통한 항공유(JP-8) 유종 판별)

  • Kim, Yonghun;Lee, Goontaek;Jang, Hanjeon;Jo, Yunju;Kim, Moongun;Choi, Jaeho;Kang, Jiyoung
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.37-48
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    • 2022
  • Accurate analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil is an important prerequisite for proper source tracking of contamination. Identification of petroleum compounds is commonly carried out by peak pattern matching in gas chromatography. However, this method has several technical limitations, especially when the soils underwent biological, physical and chemical transformation. For instance, it is very difficult to distinguish jet fuel (JP-8) from kerosene because JP-8 is derivatized from secondary reaction between chemical agents (e.g. anti-oxidants, antifreezer and so on) and kerosene. In this study, an alternative method to separately analyze JP-8 and kerosene in the petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil was proposed. Qualitative analyses were performed for representative phenolic antioxidants [2,6-di-tert-butyl phenol (2,6-DTBP), 2,4-di-tert- butylphenol(2,4-DTBP), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl phenol (2,6-DTBMP)] using a two dimensional gas chromatograph mass spectrometer (2D GC×GC-TOF-MS). This qualitative analysis of antioxidants in soil would be a useful complementary tool for the peak pattern matching method to identify JP-8 contamination in soil.

혐기성 슬러지를 첨가한 오염 토양에서 저자 수용체 조건에 따른 디젤 분해 및 미생물 군집 변화

  • 이태호;최선열;박태주
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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    • 2004.09a
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    • pp.207-210
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    • 2004
  • Effect of electron accepters on anaerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by an anaerobic sludge taken from a sludge digestion tank in a soil artificially contaminated with 10,000 mg/kg soil of diesel fuel was tested. Treatments of soil with 30 mL of the digestion sludge (2,000 mg/L of vss (volatile suspended solids)) were incubated under several anaerobic conditions including nitrate reducing, sulfate reducing, methanogenic, and mixed electron accepters conditions for 120 days. Treatments with the digested sludge showed significant degradation of diesel fuel under all anaerobic conditions compare to control treatments with an autoclaved sludge and without the sludge. The amount of TPH degradation after 120days incubation was the largest in the treatment with the sludge and mixed electron accepters (75% removal of TPH) followed in order by sulfate reducing, nitrate reducing, methanegenic condition as 67%, 53%, 43%, respectively. However, the rate of TPH degradation in the nitrate- and sulfate reducing condition within 105 days were comparable with that of the mixed electron accepters condition. Microorganisms in each electron acceptor condition were plated on solid mediums containing nitrate or sulfate as sole electron acceptor and several nitrate- and sulfate reducing bacteria showed effective degradation of diesel fuel within 30 days incubations. These results suggest that anaerobic degradation of diesel fuel in soil with digested sludge is effective for practical remediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.

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Remediation of Bunker Fuel Oil C Contaminated Soil with Microwave Radiation and Heating Elements (마이크로파 조사와 발열체를 이용한 벙커C유 오염토양의 복원)

  • Oh, Da-kyung;Lee, Tae-jin
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.37 no.8
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    • pp.458-464
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    • 2015
  • Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal and temperature variations in bunker fuel oil C contaminated soil were investigated by using microwave radiation in the presence of triiron oxide or activated carbon as a heating element. Temperature increments of $1.4{\sim}1.6^{\circ}C/Watt$ were observed, when 100~500 watt of microwave radiation was applied for the contaminated soil in the presence of triiron oxide or activated carbon. Temperature variation of the soil was more rapid in the presence of triiron oxide than activated carbon. 10% or 25% of heating element content was required to reach the temperature of thermal desorption for triiron oxide and activated carbon respectively. After radiation, 44.1% and 89.4% of initial TPH in soil was removed in the presence of triiron oxide and activated carbon respectively. It was observed that activated carbon was more reactive than triiron oxide for the removal of high molecular carbon of bunker fuel oil C.