• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.220-227
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• 2024

Background: Though the artificial neural network (ANN) technique has been used to predict noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), the established prediction models have primarily relied on cross-sectional datasets, and hence, they may not comprehensively capture the chronic nature of NIHL as a disease linked to long-term noise exposure among workers. Methods: A comprehensive dataset was utilized, encompassing eight-year longitudinal personal hearing threshold levels (HTLs) as well as information on seven personal variables and two environmental variables to establish NIHL predicting models through the ANN technique. Three subdatasets were extracted from the afirementioned comprehensive dataset to assess the advantages of the present study in NIHL predictions. Results: The dataset was gathered from 170 workers employed in a steel-making industry, with a median cumulative noise exposure and HTL of 88.40 dBA-year and 19.58 dB, respectively. Utilizing the longitudinal dataset demonstrated superior prediction capabilities compared to cross-sectional datasets. Incorporating the more comprehensive dataset led to improved NIHL predictions, particularly when considering variables such as noise pattern and use of personal protective equipment. Despite fluctuations observed in the measured HTLs, the ANN predicting models consistently revealed a discernible trend. Conclusions: A consistent correlation was observed between the measured HTLs and the results obtained from the predicting models. However, it is essential to exercise caution when utilizing the model-predicted NIHLs for individual workers due to inherent personal fluctuations in HTLs. Nonetheless, these ANN models can serve as a valuable reference for the industry in effectively managing its hearing conservation program.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.257-276
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• 2021

This study investigates the factors that facilitate or hinder people to use mobile payment, especially drawing upon the theoretical perspectives on individual's privacy protection motivation and perceived market condition. Survey data (n = 200) were collected through a web-based platform and used to test a theoretical model. The results show that one's privacy protection power is formed by various individual and technological factors (i.e., perceived data exposure, self-efficacy, and response efficacy), and in turn it determines his/her intention to use mobile payment. Moreover, the relationship between privacy protection power and mobile payment use is conditional on the perceived market control by the service provider - with a perception of the high level of provider's market control, one uses mobile payment regardless of his/her privacy protection power, while under the low level of provider's market control, the decision depends on the degree of privacy protection power. The findings would help our understanding of why some people are more susceptible to mobile payment and others are not.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2001

직업성 역학 연구에서 직업적으로 유해인자와 질병과의 연관성에 대한 연구를 수행함에 타당도 높은 노출 평가를 어떻게 실시할 것인가에 대한 논의가 있어 왔다. 노출 평가를 위한 최상의 상태는 관심있는 물질에 대하여 개인별로 계량화된 노출값을 가지고 있을 때이고, 노출 값의 계산 방법 중 가장 가치가 적은 정보는 노출확률이 높은 공장, 산업 또는 직업에 고용된 사실여부만을 갖고 있을 때이다. 대부분의 산업보건연구에서 노출정보는 두 극단사이에 존재한다. 최근 유사노출군 설정 방법과 대표치 추정을 위한 통계방법들이 소개되면서 전향적으로는 이러한 노출 값의 계산이 가능해지고 있다. 그러나 후향적 노출 평가에서는 순수하게 노출 평가를 목적으로 조사된 자료가 아닌 자료들을 수집하여 노출을 추정하여야 하기 때문에 사실상 계량화된 개인 노출 값을 얻기는 매우 어렵다. 직무-노출매트릭스를 통하여 노출 값을 추정하는 것은 환자-대조군 연구, 단면조사 연구 등의 연구방법에서 흔히 일어 날 수 있는 정보편의를 줄일 수 있어 직업성 역학 연구에서 생애 노출 값의 추정 혹은 노출강도의 추정에 직무-노출매트릭스의 사용이 점차 증가되고 있다. 따라서 직업성 역학연구에서 유용하게 사용되고 있는 직무-노출매트릭스를 고찰하고 분석함으로써 특정 사업장 혹은 산업 중심의 직무-노출매트릭스의 설계 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 특히 직무구분 축을 중점적으로 설명함으로써 향후 직업적 역학연구의 노출평가를 수행할 때와 근로자 건강보호를 위한 작업장 유해인자 관리를 위한 노출평가를 수행할 때 유용한 방법을 제공하고자 하였다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2013

Objectives: Employee exposure record refers to a record containing information about environmental (workplace) monitoring or measuring of a toxic substance or harmful physical agent. The aims of this study were to examine problems related to exposure records and provide some amendments to the Korean Industrial Safety & Health Act for the effective management of chemical substances under the law. Methods: This study performed a literature search and review on legal provisions related to exposure records of a number of different countries, including Korea, the USA, Japan, EU, Germany, and the UK. They were compared and investigated and the amendment of articles was suggested. Results: The results of this study were provided as suggested amendments to the related act. There were a variety of ways of improvement, including a 30-year retention period and the introduction of new access methods, contents, transfer, and maintenance methods. All exposure data elements have to be standardized, including reference to a similar exposure group (SEG), sampling strategy, and circumstances of exposure (e.g., date, shift length, use of personal protective equipment, etc.). The SEGs are described by process, job, task, and environmental agent. Conclusions: This study is expected to provide for the amendment of the related act in order to ensure effective management of exposure records and is helpful for solving the cause and result of occupational disease by keeping exposure records according to the Industrial Safety & Health Act.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2017

Background: Radiation is used in a variety of areas, but it also poses potential risks. Although radiation is often used with great effectiveness in many applications, people perceive potential risks associated with radiation and feel anxious about the possibility of radiation exposure. Various methods of measuring radiation doses have been developed, but there is no way for the general public to measure their doses with ease. Currently, many people use smartphones, which provide information about the location of an individual phone through network connections. If a smartphone application could be developed for measuring radiation dosage, it would be a very effective way to measure individuals' radiation doses. Thus, we conducted a survey study to assess the social acceptance of such a technology by the general public and their intent to use that technology to measure radiation doses, as well as to investigate whether such an intention is correlated with anxiety and attitudes toward the use of radiation. Materials and Methods: A nationwide online survey was conducted among 355 Koreans who were 20 years old or older. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were found between the genders in attitudes, perceptions of radiation risk, and fears of exposure to radiation. However, a significant difference according to age was observed only in the intent to use a smartphone dose measurement application. Attitudes towards the use of radiation exerted a negative effect on radiation risk perception and exposure anxiety, whereas attitudes towards the use of radiation, risk perception, and anxiety about exposure were found to have a positive impact on the intent to use a smartphone application for dose measurements. Conclusion: A survey-based study was conducted to investigate how the general public perceives radiation and to examine the acceptability of a smartphone application as a personal dose monitoring device. If such an application is developed, it could be used not only to monitor an individual's dose, but also to contribute to radiation safety information infrastructure by mapping radiation in different areas, which could be utilized as a useful basis for radiation research.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.386-397
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• 1995

A cross sectional study was performed to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of chronic exposure of complex organic solvents, using NCTB(Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery) recommended by WHO(World Health Organization). Forty female shoe factory workers and twenty-two controls matched with age were participated. The tests were performed in the morning before start of work, to exclude the effects of acute exposure. Workers were exposed mainly to toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, n-hexane, cyclo-hexane, dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, benzene, xylenes etc. The ranges of present solvent exposure of hygienic effect were $0.46\sim0.71$ in the process using adhesives indirectly, and $1.83\sim2.39$ in the process using it directly. We reclassified the subjects, according to cumulative exposure. It showed significantly poorer performances in high exposed group on Santa Ana Dexterity and Benton Visual Retention, compared with control group. After controlling confounder, the significances were still remained. But, further cohort studies, having the information of personal exposure dose from entering a factory, are required to clarify the effects of chronic exposure of complex organic solvents in relation to dose and duration of exposure.

• 경영과학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2012

While feeling anxious about the risk of exposure of personal information and privacy, users of microblogs and social network services are continuously using them. This study aims to develop a model to investigate this phenomenon. Specifically, this study explores the relationship between personal characteristics (represented by privacy concern and self-presentation) and an individual's self-disclosure. An individual's personal belief (represented by perceived risk and perceived trust) is also tested as an mediator between the relationship. Through a questionnaire survey to 183 twitter users in Korea, the results indicate that self-presentation has a direct influence on self-disclosure as well as an indirect influence through perceived trust. In contrast, privacy concern has not a direct but an indirect negative influence on self-disclosure through perceived risk. In conclusion, self-presentation has a stronger influence on self-disclosure then privacy concern to Twitter users. An individual who has a higher propensity for self-presentation will form a stronger perceived trust on Twitter, which in turn, affects the individual's self-disclosure. On the other hand, an individual who is more concerned with personal privacy will feel more serious about perceived risk, which in turn, negatively influences one's perception of the trust in Twitter as well as his desire for self-disclosure.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2018

The Personal Information Protection Act has been revised continuously since its establishment, and as a way to secure stability properly, the guidelines as well as enforcement ordinances and regulations have been changed, too. It seems that people's recognition and awareness of private information have already evolved to a certain level that is regarded to be fairly high. However, no one can exactly imagine how much ripple effect scrapping discarded paper regarded simply as waste material which is often and easily practiced in our everyday lives exerts and how many socially significant events it may arouse in our lives. Private information is produced, operated, preserved, utilized, distributed within the frame of law unidentified, and then discarded with a particular purpose. While going through a series of processes, each piece of that private information comes to be reproduced melting a lot of information. It is used and also changed beneficially sometimes to richen our lives or as basic material for welfare. Meanwhile, its importance is decided by its weight or mass and then often gets discarded after all. It means that the process of disuse is being done in a way to arouse the possibility of invasion of personal rights and also the second and third and also more exposure of private information. Therefore, approaching the meaning of automation politically, this study aims to suggest how to secure stability in the process of discarding private information in terms of logical automation.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2021

인증 프로세스는 사용자가 합법적인지 확인하는 데 사용되어야 하는 주요 단계이며, 사용자가 합법적인 사용자인지 확인하고 해당 사용자에게만 액세스 권한을 부여하는 데 사용되어야 한다. 최근에는 로그인 프로세스에 보안 계층을 추가하여 인증에 하나의 요소만 사용하는 취약점을 해결하기 위해 대부분의 애플리케이션에서는 이중인증과 OTP체계를 사용하고 있지만, 이 방법도 허가 없이 사용자 계정에 액세스할 수 있는 방법이 알려져 보안에 취약하다. 본 논문에서는 최소한의 개인정보만을 노출 조건으로 사용자를 인증하는 블록체인의 Smart Contract 기반으로 영지식(ZKP:Zero Knowledge Proofs)개인정보 인증 기법을 제안한다. 이는 블록체인 기술을 기반으로 인증 프로세스에 많은 보안 기술을 제공하고, 개인정보 인증을 기존의 인증방식보다 안전하게 수행할 수 있다는 장점이 있다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.298-305
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• 2022

Background: The concentration of air pollutants as measured by the Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS) is not an accurate population exposure level since actual human activities and temporal and spatial variability need to be considered. Therefore, to increase the accuracy of exposure assessment, the population should be considered. However, it is difficult to obtain population data due to limitations such as personal information. Objectives: The existing population defined in this study is the number of people in each region's grid. The purpose is to provide a methodology for evaluating exposure to PM_2.5 through existing population data provided by the National Geographic Information Institute. Methods: The selected study period was from October 26 to October 28, 2021. Using PM_2.5 concentration data measured at the Sensor-based Air Monitoring Station (SAMS) installed in Guro-gu and Wonju-si, the concentration for each grid was estimated by applying inverse distance weights through QGIS version 3.22. Considering the existing population, population-weighted average concentration (PWAC) was calculated and the exposure level of the population was compared by region. Results: The outdoor PM_2.5 concentration as measured through the SAMS was high in Wonju-si on all three days. Wonju-si showed an average 22% higher PWAC than Guro-gu. As a result of comparing the PWAC and outdoor PM_2.5 concentration by region, the PWAC in Guro-gu was 1~2% higher than the observed value, but it was almost the same. Conversely, observations of Wonju-si were 10.1%, 11.3%, and 8.2% higher than PWAC. Conclusions: It is expected that the Geographic Information System (GIS) method and the existing population will be used to evaluate the exposure level of a population with a narrow activity radius in further research. In addition, based on this study, it is judged that research on exposure to environmental pollutants and risk assessment methods should be expanded.