• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제54권11호
• /
• pp.470-472
• /
• 2011

Familial hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HYPP) is an autosomal-dominant channelopathy characterized by transient and recurrent episodes of paralysis with concomitant hyperkalemia. Mutations in the skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channel gene $SCN4A$ have been reported to be responsible for this disease. Here, we report the case of a 16-year-old girl with HYPP whose mutational analysis revealed a heterozygous c.2111C>T substitution in the $SCN4A$ gene leading to a Thr704Met mutation in the protein sequence. The parents were clinically unaffected and did not have a mutation in the $SCN4A$ gene. A $de$ $novo$ $SCN4A$ mutation for familial HYPP has not previously been reported. The patient did not respond to acetazolamide, but showed a marked improvement in paralytic symptoms upon treatment with hydrochlorothiazide. The findings in this case indicate that a $de$ $novo$ mutation needs to be considered when an isolated family member is found to have a HYPP phenotype.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2010

Submerged plants whose most of vegetative mass are below the water surface can have great effects on wetland biogeochemistry and water purification through their photosynthesis and nutrient uptake processes. In this study, change of dissolved oxygen concentration and pH as well as nutrient removal capacity of the submerged plant dominant wetland were investigated using wetland mesocosm experiments. Obvious periodic DO and pH fluctuation was observed due to photosynthetic activities of the submerged plants. It implies that the submerged plants can provide periodic or sequential changes of oxic and anoxic conditions that affect nitrification and denitrification processes and contribute permanent nitrogen removal in the wetland system. The pH changes in the wetland mesocosm suggested that submerged plant could also play an important role as a temporary $CO_2$ storage. Higher nutrient removal efficiency was observed in the submerged plant dominant wetland mesocosm. The removal efficiencies under experimental conditions were 38.89, 84.70, 91.21, 70.76, 75.30% of TN, DIN, $NH_4-N$, TP, $PO_4-P$ in the wetland mesocosm, while those were 26.11, 57.34, 63.87, 28.19, 55.15% in the control treatment, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 2011

Some treatment methods have been proposed for patients with chronic closed lock of temporomandibular joint. We report a conservative treatment for patients who had chronic closed lock of temporomandibular joint and who did not want surgical treatment. Two patients who had been treated in the Template clinic, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, are the subjects of this report. The subjects had chronic closed lock symptom for over 3 months after an onset of locking; conventional therapies had no effect. The subjects were treated by making them wear a Template appliance while sleeping and exercise for 10 hours a day. After periodic follow-up, significant improvement was observed for Template treatment in terms of the maximal mouth opening range. When conventional therapy is expected to be ineffective, The Template appliance can be used as conservative treatment for temporomandibular disorders patients with chronic closed lock of temporomandibular joint.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.194-202
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서 처리수를 이용한 주기적인 역세척은 춘천시 공지천의 관형 세라믹 한외여과막에 의한 고도정수처리 시스템에서 막오염을 저감하고 투과선속을 향상시키고자 수행되었다. 일정한 역세척 시간(BT) 15초에서 여과시간 즉, 물 역세척 주기(FT) 2분이 가장 높은 무차원 투과선속(초기 투과선속에 대한 투과선속)과 가장 낮은 막오염 저항값을 보였다. 또한, FT 10분으로 고정한 BT 영향의 결과에서 BT 20초가 가장 낮은 막오염 저항과 가장 높은 무차원 투과선속을 나타내어, 가장 많은 총여과부피 107.3 L를 얻을 수 있었다. 결론적으로 공지천의 정수처리에서 FT 10분과 BT 20초가 최적조건으로 관형 알루미나 정밀여과의 선행 연구결과와 정확히 일치하였다. 한편 관형 세라믹 한외여과 시스템에 의한 오염물질 평균제거율은 탁도 97.0%, 망간법에 의한 COD 32.1%, 암모니아성 질소 28.8%, 총인 54.4%로 나타났다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.50-56
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is one of the most common problems in childhood. NE has a multifactorial etiology and is influenced by sleep and arousal mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to prospectively evaluate sleep problems and patterns in children with NE compared with normal healthy controls. Methods: Twenty-eight children with NE and 16 healthy controls were included in the study. To evaluate sleep habits and disturbances, parents and children filled out a questionnaire that included items about sleep patterns and sleep-related behaviors prior to treatment for NE. Demographic factors and other data were compared for the two groups based on the responses to the sleep questionnaire. Results: Night awakening, sleepwalking, and periodic limb movements were more prevalent in children with NE, but symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing were not increased in this group. There were statistically significant differences in periodic limb movements and daytime sleepiness between the two groups. Conclusion: Children with NE seemed to have more sleep problems such as night awakening, sleepwalking, and periodic limb movements. In addition, a higher level of daytime sleepiness and hyperactivity in patients with NE suggested a relationship between NE and sleep disorders.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.521-529
• /
• 1996

In an effort to obtain basic data of carbohydrate metabolism during spermiogenesis of the sexually-matured Jindo dog, the glycogen distribution in the testis was investigated by light and transmission electron microscopy. Periodic acid thiocarbohydrazide silver proteinate physical development(PA-TCH-SP-PD) staining method provided better results in the detection of glycogen granules from Sertoli cells and germ cells than the periodic acid schiff(PAS) staining method did. Pre-treatment of the tissue sections with ${\alpha}$-amylase elicited a significant decrease in PA-TCH-SP-PD stained granules, which suggested that the stained granules were of glycogen origin. High concentration of the glycogen granules were observed in the Sertoli cells, especially in its column, sheet-like processes, club-like processes, and tubular processes. The glycogen granules were unevenly distributed in some Sertoli cell columns. These results strongly indicated that the Sertoli cells of Jindo dogs showed vigorous activity of carbohydrate metabolism.

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.164-171
• /
• 1997

Introduction : Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is shown to common in patients with OSA and may become evident or worsened when treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Whether this is due to im proved sleep continuity. adverse nocturnal body positioning, uncovered by CPAP, or due to the CPAP stimulus is still debat-ed. We hypothesized that the increase in PLM activity following CPAP is associated with more supine-sleeping tendencies when being treated with CPAP. In the present work, we compared differences in the PLMD index (PLMI) and sleeping position of patients with sleep disordered breathing before and after CPAP treatment. Method : We studied 16 patients (mean age 46 yr, 9M, 7F) with OSA (11 patients) or UARS (5 patients) who either had PLMD on initial polysomnogram (baseline PSG) or on nasal CPAP trial (CPAP PSG). All periodic leg movements were scored on anterior tibialis EMG during sleep according to standard criteria (net duration; 0.5-5.0 seconds, intervals; 4-90 seconds. 4 consecutive movements). Paired t-tests compared PLMD index (PLMI), PLMD-related arousal index (PLMD-ArI), respiratory disturbance index (RDI), and supine sleeping position spent with baseline PSG and CPAP PSG. Results : Ten patients (63%) on baseline PSG and fifteen patients (94%) on CPAP PSG had documented PLMD ($PLMI{\ge}5$) respectively with significant increase on CPAP PSG(p<0.05). Ten patients showed the emergence (6/10 patients) or substantial worsening (4/10 patients) of PLMD during CPAP trial. Mean CPAP pressure was $7.6{\pm}1.8\;cmH_2O$. PLMI tended to increase from baseline PSG to CPAP PSG, and significantly increase when excluding 2 outlier (baseline PSG, $19.0{\pm}25.8/hr$ vs CPAP PSG, $29.9{\pm}12.5/hr$, p<0.1). PLMD-ArI showed no significant change, but a significant decrease was detected when excluding 2 outlier (p<0.1). There was no significant sleeping positional difference (supine vs non-supine) on baseline PSG, but significantly more supine position (supine vs non-supine, p<0.05) on CPAP PSG. There was no significant difference in PLMI during supine-sleeping and nonsupine-sleeping position on both of baseline PSG and CPAP PSG. There was also no significant difference in PLMI during supine-sleeping position between baseline PSG and CPAP PSG. With nasal CPAP, there was a highly significant reduction in the RDI (baseline PSG, $14.1{\pm}21.3/hr$ vs CPAP PSG, $2.7{\pm}3.9/hr$, p<0.05). Conclusion : This preliminary data confirms previous findings that CPAP is a very effective treatment for OSA, and that PLMD is developed or worsened with treatment by CPAP. This data also indicates that supine-sleeping position is more common when being treated with CPAP. However, there was no clear evidence that supine position is the causal factor of increased PLMD with CPAP. It is, however, suggested that the relative movement limitation induced by CPAP treatment could be a contributory factor of PLMD.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.266-270
• /
• 2010

The effect of an Ar plasma treatment on polycarbonate substrates was investigated using $TiO_2$ coatings produced by reactive ion-beam assisted sputtering. The typical pressure used during sputtering was about $10^{-4}$ Torr. After the Ar plasma treatment, the contact angle of a water droplet was reduced from $88^{\circ}$ to $52^{\circ}$ and then further decreased to $12^{\circ}$ with the addition of oxygen into the chamber. The surface of the polycarbonate substrate hanged from hydrophobic to hydrophilic with these treatments and revealed its changing nano-scale roughness. The $TiO_2$ films on the treated surface showed various colors and periodic ordering dependant on the film thickness due to optical interference.

• Korean Membrane Journal
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2009

We investigated the effect of organic materials on membrane fouling in advanced drinking water treatment by a hybrid module packed with granular activated carbon (GAC) outside multi-channel ceramic microfiltration membrane. Synthetic water was prepared with humic acid and kaolin to simulate natural water resouces consisting of natural organic matter and inorganic particles. Kaolin concentration was fixed at 30 mg/L and humic acid was changed as 2~10 mg/L to inspect the effect of organic matters. Periodic back-flushing using permeate water was performed for 10 sec per filtration of 10 min. As a result, both resistance of membrane fouling (Rf) and permeate flux (J) were influenced highly by concentration of humic acid. It proved that NOM like humic acid could be an important factor on membrane fouling in drinking water treatment. Turbidity and UV254 absorbance were removed up to above 97.4% and 59.2% respectively.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.519-527
• /
• 2017

멤브레인 파울링은 지표수를 처리하는 저압 멤브레인 기술 적용의 확장에 있어 큰 장애가 된다. 따라서 파울링 제어를 위한 주기적인 수리학적 세정기술의 최적화는 매우 중요하다. 주기적인 수리학적 세정과 이와 연관된 파울링 현상에 관한 올바른 이해는 멤브레인 세정 전략을 최적화하기 위해 매우 유용할 수 있다. 실험적으로 측정한 투과도와 전통적인 Hermia 파울링 모델 예측 치의 비교를 통해, 본 연구에서는 합성 탁도유발 시료를 처리하는 가압식 멤브레인 공정에서 30분 여과와 정세정/역세정이 포함된 1분 세정조건을 바탕으로 6번의 운전사이클을 통해 발생하는 파울링 현상을 분석하고 이를 통해 지배적인 파울링 기작을 정량적으로 이해하고자 하였다. 단독 세정에서, 첫 번째 운전사이클에서 발생하는 파울링은 완전공극막힘 현상에 의해 주로 지배되었고 마지막 운전 사이클에서는 케이크 형성이 지배적인 파울링 기작으로 관찰되었다. 정세정과 역세정이 혼합된 경우, 파울링 속도는 감소하였으나 전반적으로 케이크 형성이 주 파울링 기작으로 관찰되었다.