• Proceedings of the EASDL Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.145-174
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• 2004

It is estimated that sesame spread to Korea about BC 1000 years and people cultivated sesame and ate sesame-oil e age of three-nations. In the Koryo dynasty, sesame was cultivated as the major crop and there were specialists for making sesame oil. The sesame oil was enough for the both upper and lower classes. In the Chosun dynasty, it was introduced widely the method of sesame and deul-sesame (Perilla japonica) cultivation, the way of keeping sesame oil, and how to make sesame oil. Also, there were several ways of making sesame oil; press oil from raw sesame, or from roasting, boiling, and steaming sesame and etc. Even though sesame-oil and sesames were consumed in large quantities to cook Chan(饌, side dishes) and Byung-gwa(餠菓, Korean traditional dessert), most of common people could not use freely because it was expensive. You-mil-gwa(油蜜菓) took always a major dishes in the ceremony or party of the royal classes to the ordinary classes in the Chosun dynasty. Sesames and Sesame-oil made a major role in adding flavor to Chan-mul and Coookies in the Korean traditional cuisine. Especially, sesame-oil was consumed a lot to cook You-mil-gwa, You-kwa(油菓), You-jeon-byung(油煎餠 fried rice cake) and Yak-bab(藥飯). Roasted sesame and black sesame were used to cook Da-sik(茶食), Gang-jung, and rice cake. Sesame oil and sesame was the major part of vegetable dishes such as Na-mul and it was used to add flavor to steamed, roasted and, pan-fried dishes and to roast, fry, and stew food. Heuk-im-ja-jook(black sesame porridge) and Im-ja-su-soup (荏子水湯).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.204-208
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• 1999

We carried out this study to confirm the possibility of C. wilfordii cultivation using crop as a substitute for stake or net, and tested sit support crops, i.e., soybean, peanut, Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo, Job's tears, sorghum, and corn compared with net support. Effects of support crops on growth and root yield of C. wilfordii were as follows. Attracting efficiency of vine showed 94∼100% among crops. The number of branches per plant was 1 or 2 more in p. frutescens var. acuta Kudo, Job's tears, and sorghum support than in net support. Fresh root yield per 10a was 919kg in net support, while it was 717kg in P. frutescens var. acute Kudo, 656kg in Job' tears, and 652kg in sorghum support. However, the problem of decreased yield in these support crops could be overcome by cost saving of staking installation and by harvesting support crops. Therefore, C. wilfordii cultivation using P. frutescens var. acute Kudo, Job's tears, and sorghum as support crops showed most effective in labor and cost saving.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.51-51
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• 2020

들깨는 식물성 오메가-3의 우수한 급원으로서 국내에서 그 수요가 크게 확대되고 있는 실정이다. 들깨 재배농가에서는 파종시기를 고려한 적합한 들깨 품종에 대한 요구가 많아 이를 해결하고자 중부지역에 적합한 품종을 선발하고자 시험을 수행하였다. 파종시기는 6월 상순, 6월 중순, 7월 초순 3시기로 구분하여 파종하였으며, 토양 검정시비량을 시비하고 완전임의배치법으로 3반복으로 시험구를 배치하였다. 시험품종으로 다유 등 10품종을 선정하여 시험하였다. 6월 초순 파종에서 개화기는 다실 품종이 8월 20일로 가장 빨랐으며, 다유, 대실, 들샘, 새엽실 품종이 9월 10일로 가장 늦었다. 6월 중순 파종에서 개화기는 다실 품종이 8월 27일로 가장 빨랐으며, 들샘 품종이 9월 11일로 가장 늦었다. 7월 초순 파종에서 개화기는 다실 품종이 8월 27일로 가장 빨랐으며, 들샘과 새엽실 품종이 9월 11일로 가장 늦었다. 들깨 천립중은 파종기가 늦어질수록 대체적으로 무거워지는 경향을 보였다. 6월 초순 파종에서 백진, 들향, 새엽실 다유 품종이 10a 당 110kg 이상의 수량을 나타냈으며, 6월 중순 파종에서 다유, 들향, 백진, 새엽실 품종이 10a 당 120kg 이상의 수량을 나타내었고, 7월 초순 파종에서는 다유, 들향, 새엽실 품종이 10a 당 110kg 이상의 수량을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 중부지역에서는 대체적으로 6월 중순 파종이 적합하였으며 전작물을 고려하여 들깨 파종시기를 빠르거나 늦게 할 경우에는 각 시기에 적합한 품종을 파종하면 안정적인 수량 확보가 가능하다. 중부지역에서 파종기에 따른 영향이 적고 안정적인 수량을 생산할 수 있는 품종으로는 다유, 들향, 새엽실 이었다. 이상의 결과로 부터 품종별 최대 수량을 얻기 위해서는 각 품종에 맞는 파종기를 준수하여야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.211-216
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• 2017

BACKGROUND:This study was conducted to investigate residual organochlorine pesticides (ROCPs) in agricultural soils and crops. Agricultural soil samples and crop samples were collected from 93 cities and counties. METHODS AND RESULTS: Extraction and clean-up for the quantitative analysis of ROCPs were conducted by the modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method. Recovery and limit of detection (LOD) of ROCPs in agriculturalsoils and crops were 76.5-103.0 and 75.2-93.2%, 0.01-0.08 and $0.10-0.15{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. Detected ROCPs in agricultural soils were ${\alpha}$-endosulfan, ${\beta}$-endosulfan, and endosulfan sulfate, the residue were 2.0-12.0, 1.2-53.1, and $2.2-329.8{\mu}g/kg$, respectively. But these pesticides in all green perilla leaf and green pepper samples were not detected. CONCLUSION: These results showed that ROCPs residues in agricultural soils were not as high as crop safety threatening.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2015

Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara was collected from farmland in Seongju-gun. Fifteen endophytic fungal strains with different colony morphologies were isolated from roots of P. frutescens. Waito-c rice seedlings were treated with the concentrated culture filtrates (CF) of endophytic fungi for observation of their plant growth-promoting activities. In the results, the CF of Y2H001 fungal strain promoted the growth of the waito-c rice seedlings. The phylogenetic tree of Y2H001 strain was analyzed by the combined sequences of the partial internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and partial betatubulin gene. Molecular and morphological studies identified the Y2H001 strain as belonging to Aspergillus flavus. In gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the CF of Y2H001 strain, gibberellic acid (GA) was detected and quantified. Therefore, we describe Y2H001 strain as a new $GA_3$-producing A. flavus based on morphological, molecular characteristics and analysis of secondary metabolite.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.858-864
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• 2008

In the greenhouse fields for fruits and vegetables during the winter in Korea, there are serious damages by the sclerotium diseases due to the low temperature and humidity. This study was carried out to select an antagonic agent for the biological control of the sclerotium diseases. The 55 antagonic agents were selected from the rhizosphere in soil where the fruits and vegetables were cultivated in the green house fields, and strain AB02 among the tested isolates was estimated to be the strongest antagonist against the sclerotium disease. Using strain AB02, the antifungal spectrum was tested against 5 different plant pathogens. According to the results of the test, strain AB02 . showed the high antagonistic effect against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. For the experiment of biological control against the sclerotium disease, it was estimated the suppression effect and the control effect by the strain in the pot experiment using the green perilla. According to the result of the pot experiments, the suppression effect was 40% and the control effect was 62%, respectively. For the stimulation effect of the tested plant growth by strain AB02 compared to the control, it was improved as 120% for the total length, 141% for the liveweight, 121% for the total number of leaves, 185% for the leaf area, and 327% for the liveweight of the root, respectively. Strain AB02 showing the antagonistic effect against the sclerotium disease and the stimulation effect for the plant growth was identified as Bacillus sp.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.716-721
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• 2007

This study was conducted to obtain the basic data on the development of resources of wild edible greens, and the industrialization of the marketing of fresh wild vegetables. We have also investigated the distributing factors at five-day traditional markets (Taebaek, Hongcheon and Hoengseong) in Gangwon district, and in Jeonnam district (Naju, Damyang and Jangseong), in May and June 2007. At each market, there were 34 to 49 diverse shops selling fresh wild vegetables except at Naju, where there were 22 shops. Between 27 to 29 kinds of fresh wild vegetable were on sale at the traditional markets in Gangwon district, and 15 to 19 kinds were on sale along with many horticultural plants in Jeonnam district. Fresh wild vegetables including Aster scaber, Petasites japonicus, Pteridium aquilinum var. latussculum, Malva verticillata, leaves of Perilla frutescens, Lactuca sativa, leaves of Capsicum annuum, and Oenanthe javanica were on sale in the markets in both districts. Those selling fresh wild vegetables were typically over 51 years of age (88%), and among these over 66.4% were over 61 years old. Less than 6 kinds of fresh wild vegetable accounted for over 72.1% of the vegetables sold. Edible wild greens were mainly packed in vinyl bags (over 77%).

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.391-400
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• 2005

This study was undertaken to survey the pesticides used under the greenhouse cultivation of 9 vegetable crops including cucumber, tomato, strawberry, eggplant, hot pepper, paprika, lettuce, perilla leaves and green onion in the Southern area during the period of 2003-2004. The total number of farmers investigated was 202 which consisted of 124 conventional growers and 78 environment-friendly growers. The farmers were requested to record with respect to the crop's name, cultivation acreage, growing practices (conventional/environment-friendly), use purpose, pesticide kinds, usage quantity and application time of pesticides. The average usage quantity of pesticides for the 9 crops was 3.30 kg ai/ha in conventional growing and 0.47 kg ai/ha in environment-friendly growing. The average application time of pesticides was 11 times in conventional and 2 times in environment-friendly growing, with more than 90% cases as a foliar application. The number of active ingredients of pesticides was 34 in conventional and 10 in environment-friendly growing on the average per crop. The purpose of pesticide application was as a fungicide in 56% cases and as an insecticide in 43% cases.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.27
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• pp.47-55
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• 1984

The results of series studies on the ratio of supplements, out-door composting and out-door fermentation induced by using the rice straw as a main substrates at the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus, and the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus using the rice straw bundles on its compost are as follows; When rice straw for cultivation of A. bisporus was used as the main substrates in synthetic compost as a carbon source, yields were remarkably high. Fermentation was more rapid than that of barley straw or wheat straw and the total nitrogen content was high in rice straw compost. Use of barley straw compost for cultivation of A. bisporus was shown of low yield compared with rice straw, but when a 50% barley straw and 50% rice straw mixture was used, the yield was almost the same as that using only rice straw. The total organic nitrogen on the compost were shown the positive relation to the yield of A. bisporus, but the ammonium nitrogen negative relation to the mycelial growth and yield of A. bisporus. When rice straw was used as the main substrate for compost media, urea was the most suitable source of nitrogen. Poor results were obtained with calcium cyanamide and ammonium sulfate. When urea was applied three separate times, nitrogen loss during composting was decreased and the total nitrogen content of compost was increased. The supplementation of organic nutrient activated compost fermentation and increased yield of A. bisporus. The best sources of organic nutrients selected were as follows: perilla meal, sesame meal, wheat bran and poultry manure, etc. Soybean meal, tobacco powder and glutamic acid fermentation byproducts which were industrial wastes, could be substituted for perilla meal, sesame meal and wheat bran as organic nutrient sources for compost media. During out door composing of rice straw for cultivation of A. bisporus, using of tuner, composter and tunnel system increased up to 13% of its yield, and also cut down 34% of production Cost. The cultivation of P. ostreatus and utilizing of rice straw and wheat straw was established and its yield was high on the rice straw pots. When the substrates 'Rice straw' was heated by steam at $60^{\circ}C$ for 6 hr. mycelial growth of P. ostreatus was moderately rapid and its yield was high.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.213-216
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• 2005

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) occurred abruptly with a high incidence rate in 14 vegetable crops in Anyang area, Gyunggido in 2004. TSWV was identified by the symptoms on the indicator plants, immunocaptured reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC/RT-PCR), virion captured (VC)RT-PCR and RT-PCR using total RNA from the infected plants. Vegetable crops infected with TSWV included table tomato, cherry tomato, red pepper, lettuce, chicory, red leaf chicory, red mustard, dragon tongue, treviso, potato, perilla, sesame, pumpkin, and ssamchoo (hybrid of oriental cabbage and cabbage). The incidence of TSWV in fields ranged from 30 to $100\%$. TSWV usually produced necrosis, wilt and/or severe mosaic with typical single or double ring spots on the leaves. TSWV could be detected in Frankliniella occidentalis collected from the crops in the fields with $90\%$ rate by IC/RT-PCR.