• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.256-262
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• 2021

In order for small electric vehicles to drive on hilly roads in Korea, methods to improve the climbing ability and power performance of vehicles should be taken. In order to improve the power performance of small electric vehicles, the performance of motors mounted on electric vehicles should be improved. However, if the performance of the motor is improved to improve the power performance of the electric vehicle, it is possible to lower the price competitiveness accordingly. In addition, the power consumption of the battery is rapidly increased to drive the high-performance motor, so in order to introduce the small electric vehicle into the domestic market, various problems must be overcome. In order to commercialize small electric vehicles that do not emit harmful exhaust gases to the human body in the hilly domestic terrain, it is effective to introduce a separate continuously variable transmission system that can improve the climbing ability and power transmission ability. In this study, we propose a proprietary model of continuously variable transmissions that can be applied to small electric vehicles. The proposed continuously variable transmission is equipped with a spring in the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and has the advantage of performing a shift that increases torque in a situation where the vehicle needs to increase torque when driving on a hill. In addition, the basic design for commercialization of the proposed continuously variable transmission was carried out, and the prototype manufactured and attached to the body of a small electric vehicle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 2007

This study was designed to investigate the correlation between perceived TQM performance and organizational culture of dietitians. The objective of the study is to help the management of foodservice by providing a direction which will elevate perceived TQM performance of dietitians and presenting plans which will ensure effective dietitians. Questionnaires handed out to 308 dietitians worked in institutional foodservice operation including elementary, middle and high schools, hospitals, business and industries. In terms of TQM importance and performance, the more important dietitians perceived, the higher their performance level rose. Data form the IPA, external and internal customer satisfaction, executive ability, communication system and technology, information technology and application ability, food process, strategy, and leadership were required further improvement by dietitians. Of present organizational culture model, human relations model and open systems model were more likely to be adopted by dietitians in middle and high schools. According to the type of foodservice management, the open systems model was more preferred by dietitians from self-operated operations rather than respondents from contracted operations. Canonical correlation analysis between TQM performance and organizational culture showed canonical correlation to be higher (canonical correlations coefficient: .66). In conclusion, TQM performance-organizational culture showed higher canonical correlation. In the organizational culture, foodservice operation is capable of improving the aims for the rational goal model and the open systems model. The results showed that TQM performance and organizational culture had significant relationship, especially positive organizational culture emphasizing on internal process and rational goal model would have influence on TQM performance of dietitians. Foodservice operation, however, should recognize importance of open and development culture to improve dietitians' TQM performance. To apply open system foodservice organization should encourage dietitian and foodservice employees to challenge and compete for the works, Moreover, organizational effort such as information exchange program and support system should be established.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.266-271
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• 2020

Purpose: A survey was conducted to investigate the role, priority, and awareness of physical therapists in the community care system for the elderly. Methods: Nine hundred ninety-three physical therapists were invited to an online survey from 1st to 30th June 2020. Results: While the awareness of physical therapists for the community care system for the elderly was found to be low, the role priority and performance ability were found to be high. Fall training scored the highest for the job duties of physical therapists, and functional training scored the highest for the performance ability of physical therapists. For the role priority by the education status regarding the community care system, the participants who received the education program showed higher scores in the performance ability than those who did not. For the role priority and performance ability according to the education levels, higher education levels resulted in higher scores in both outcomes. Regarding the clinical experience, low scores were found in the participants with less than five years of experience. Conclusion: Physical therapy establishes itself as an essential area of expertise in the community care system for the elderly. Therefore, these results can be utilized in developing a model for Korean community care for the elderly.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.450-456
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• 2023

Background: This study aims to develop a "Predictive Model for the Possibility of Collection Delinquent Health Insurance Contributions" for the National Health Insurance Service to enhance administrative efficiency in protecting and collecting contributions from livelihood-type defaulters. Additionally, it aims to establish customized collection management strategies based on individuals' ability to pay health insurance contributions. Methods: Firstly, to develop the "Predictive Model for the Possibility of Collection Delinquent Health Insurance Contributions," a series of processes including (1) analysis of defaulter characteristics, (2) model estimation and performance evaluation, and (3) model derivation will be conducted. Secondly, using the predictions from the model, individuals will be categorized into four types based on their payment ability and livelihood status, and collection strategies will be provided for each type. Results: Firstly, the regression equation of the prediction model is as follows: phat = exp (0.4729 + 0.0392 × gender + 0.00894 × age + 0.000563 × total income - 0.2849 × low-income type enrollee - 0.2271 × delinquency frequency + 0.9714 × delinquency action + 0.0851 × reduction) / [1 + exp (0.4729 + 0.0392 × gender + 0.00894 × age + 0.000563 × total income - 0.2849 × low-income type enrollee - 0.2271 × delinquency frequency + 0.9714 × delinquency action + 0.0851 × reduction)]. The prediction performance is an accuracy of 86.0%, sensitivity of 87.0%, and specificity of 84.8%. Secondly, individuals were categorized into four types based on livelihood status and payment ability. Particularly, the "support needed group," which comprises those with low payment ability and low-income type enrollee, suggests enhancing contribution relief and support policies. On the other hand, the "high-risk group," which comprises those without livelihood type and low payment ability, suggests implementing stricter default handling to improve collection rates. Conclusion: Upon examining the regression equation of the prediction model, it is evident that individuals with lower income levels and a history of past defaults have a lower probability of payment. This implies that defaults occur among those without the ability to bear the burden of health insurance contributions, leading to long-term defaults. Social insurance operates on the principles of mandatory participation and burden based on the ability to pay. Therefore, it is necessary to develop policies that consider individuals' ability to pay, such as transitioning livelihood-type defaulters to medical assistance or reducing insurance contribution burdens.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1057-1068
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• 2014

Phase-locked loops (PLL) based on the synchronous reference frame (SRF-PLL) have recently become the most widely-used for grid synchronization in three phase grid-connected inverters. However, it is difficult to study their performance since they are nonlinear systems. To estimate the performances of a SRF-PLL, a canonical small-signal linearized model has been developed in this paper. Based on the proposed model, several significant specifications of a SRF-PLL, such as the capture time, capture rang, bandwidth, the product of capture time and bandwidth, and steady-state error have been investigated. Finally, a noise model of a SRF-PLL has been put forward to analyze the noise rejection ability by computing the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of a SRF-PLL. Several simulation and experimental results have been provided to verify and validate the obtained conclusions. Although the proposed model and analysis method are based on a SRF-PLL, they are also suitable for analyzing other types of PLLs.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.107-118
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• 2019

Purpose - The present study examines the effect of service employees' experienced customer incivility through their emotional exhaustion. We identified service employees' emotion regulation ability as a boundary condition (i.e., moderating variable) that decreased the positive relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, we also investigated the negative relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their service performance via emotional exhaustion. Research design, data, and methodology - Drawing on AET (affective event theory) and COR (conservation of resources) theory, we developed three research hypotheses (i.e., mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation). Online panel survey data from 552 frontline employees at several service organizations (e.g., department stores, retail stores, hotels, restaurants, airlines, banking, insurance company, and etc) in South Korea were examined. To assess two types of validity (i.e., convergent and discriminant validity) and reliability of measurement model, we employed the CFA (confirmatory factor analysis) using M-plus 8.2 software. Internal consistency also was tested by Cronbach' α. In addition, we employed the SPSS PROCESS MACRO 2.16, which was recommended by Hayes (2013, 2015), to estimate mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation effects. Results - As predicted, the negative relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their service performance was mediated by emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, service employees' emotion regulation ability also played a significant moderating role of the relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and emotional exhaustion, such that this relationship was less pronounced when service employees had a high level of their emotion regulation ability than when thir emotion regulation ability was low. Service employees' emotion regulation ability further moderated this mediation effect of service employees' experienced customer incivility on service performance through emotional exhaustion. These findings have theoretical implications for employees' experienced customer incivility and emotion regulation ability research and provide managerial implications for practitioners. Conclusions - This study empirically elaborated the previous model of service employees' experienced customer incivility and personal resource (e.g., emotion regulation ability) literature by presenting the findings that service employees' experienced customer incivility influences their service performance via emotional exhaustion and that emotion regulation ability effectively reduces this negative effect.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2015

Recent developments in robotics and intelligent vehicle area, bring interests of people in an autonomous driving ability and advanced driving assistance system. Especially fully automatic parking ability is one of the key issues of intelligent vehicles, and accurate parked vehicles detection is essential for this issue. In previous researches, many types of sensors are used for detecting vehicles, 2D LiDAR is popular since it offers accurate range information without preprocessing. The L shape feature is most popular 2D feature for vehicle detection, however it has an ambiguity on different objects such as building, bushes and this occurs misdetection problem. Therefore we propose the accurate vehicle detection method by using a 3D complete vehicle model in 3D point clouds acquired from front inclined 2D LiDAR. The proposed method is decomposed into two steps: vehicle candidate extraction, vehicle detection. By combination of L shape feature and point clouds segmentation, we extract the objects which are highly related to vehicles and apply 3D model to detect vehicles accurately. The method guarantees high detection performance and gives plentiful information for autonomous parking. To evaluate the method, we use various parking situation in complex urban scene data. Experimental results shows the qualitative and quantitative performance efficiently.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2012

In bridge engineering, maintenance strategies and thus budgetary demands are highly influenced by construction type and quality of design. Nowadays bridge owners and planners tend to include life-cycle cost analyses in their decision processes regarding the overall design trying to optimize structural reliability and durability within financial constraints. Smart permanent and short term monitoring can reduce the associated risk of new design concepts by observing the performance of structural components during prescribed time periods. The objectives of this paper are the discussion and analysis of influence line or influence field approaches in terms of (a) an efficient incorporation of monitoring information in the structural performance assessment, (b) an efficient characterization of performance indicators for the assessment of structures, (c) the ability of optimizing the positions of sensors of a monitoring system, and (d) the ability of checking the robustness of the monitoring systems applied to a structure. The proposed influence line- model correction approach has been applied to an integrative monitoring system that has been installed for the performance assessment of an existing three-span jointless bridge.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study was to explore the features of Emotional Intelligence(EI) in psychiatric patients in terms of the ability model. EI scores of patients, measured by performance-based test and self-report inventory, was compared. The scores of performance-based test(Emotional Literacy Test) and self-report inventory(Trait Meta-Mmood Scale) of patients(30 with psychotic symptoms, 32 without psychotic symptoms) who had a appropriate literacy were analyzed by means of independent t-test. There was a no significant difference of IQ between two groups. Our results indicated that psychotic group had significantly lower EI in performance-based test than non-psychotic group. In contrast, non-psychotic group showed lower EI in self-report inventory than psychotic group. This inconsistent results might be attributable to the differences in method of measurement. Thus, these results suggested that it may be important to adopt a convergent using of both performance-based test and self-report inventory while assessing EI of patients with psychopathology.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.588-600
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test a model of nursing competencies of nursing simulation learners. The conceptual model was based on the theory of Jeffries's simulaton theory. Methods: Data collection was conducted in October 2017 for 310 students from two nursing universities in Kyungbuk area for 20 days. Data analysis methods were covariance structure analysis using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical programs. Results: The hypothetical model was a good fit for the data. The model fit indices were comparative fit index=.97, normed fit index=.94, Tucker-Lewis Index=.97, root mean square error of approximation=.44, and standardized root mean square residual=.04. Teacher factors were directly related to simulation design characteristics, and it was confirmed that the curriculum, classroom operation and teaching method of the instructors were important factors. Learner factors were found to have a direct effect on nursing competence, self-confidence, and clinical performance that belong to nursing capacity. In particular, the results of this study indicate that the simulation design characteristics have a partial mediating effect on learner factors and clinical performance, and a complete mediating effect on learner factors and clinical judgment ability. Conclusion: In order to improve the learner's clinical performance and clinical judgment ability, it is necessary to conduct practical training through nursing simulation besides preparing the learner and the educator.