• 보존과학연구
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• 통권7호
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• pp.48-55
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• 1986

The gold crown unearthed from the ancient tombs at Imdang-dong, Kyongsan-gun, Kyongsangbuk-do was in a state of severe corrosion that its original pattern couldn't be identified. Therefore, for the conservation of the relics, the following methods are employed :1. With 10% formic acid are used for the elimination of the bronze-rust and then plated them with gold.2. As a rust-proof treatment, 1% Benzotriazole is used for stem corrosion as well3. For protection and reinforcement of the surface of the relics, 30% incralac agentsare used.4. Pieces of fragments are bonded together by cyanoacrylate and on the backside are coated partially with Araldite for the reinforcement of the glass-wool.5. Silica-gels are kept into the acryl box for perfect maintenance.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.7-16
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• 1999

Silver-containing antimicrobial inorganic pigments that have been developed so far still have problems, which result from silver's unique metallic color and discoloration. Therefore, those things are used only for make-up cosmetics or just the restricted amount is used. Although the use of white-base pigments or iron oxides has been considered to solve those problems, they virtually fail to serve as a perfect substitute. So it seems difficult to use enough quantity of those materials or to apply them to diverse kinds of products. The purpose of this study was, accordingly, to attain the complete removal of metallic color and the maintenance of color. Additionally, a rosemary extract was employed to develop a silver-containing inorganic antimicrobial pigment(Ag-AIP-R) that has an improved antimicrobial effect and anti oxidative effect.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 1999년도 IFSCC . ASCS 학술대회 발표 논문
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• pp.7-16
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• 1999

Silver-containing antimicrobial inorganic pigments that have been developed so far still have problems, which result from silver’s unique metallic color and discoloration. Therefore, those things are used only far make-up cosmetics or just the restricted amount is used. Although the use of white-base pigments or iron oxides has been considered to solve those problems, they virtually fail to serve as a perfect substitute. So it seems difficult to use enough quantity of those materials or to apply them to diverse kinds of products. The purpose of this study was, accordingly, to attain the complete removal of metallic color and the maintenance of color. Additionally, a rosemary extract was employed to develop a silver-containing inorganic antimicrobial pigment(Ag-AIP-R) that has an improved antimicrobial effect and antioxidative effect.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부A
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• pp.10-12
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• 1998

Pumping liquid metal in nuclear power plant application by conventional centrifugal pumps pose difficulties such as bearing wear out at high temperatures and leak proof sealing of the liquid metal. MHD machine is obtained by replacing solid conducting secondary of conventional motors with ionized gas or liquid metal. It is used for reactor cooling pump because of construction simplicity, perfect sealing and easy operation/maintenance MHD pump is complicated because it includes electromagnetic and hydrodynamic phenomena. The principle of MHD Pumps is described in this paper. We design small laboratory size Flat Linear Induction Pump(FLIP) for transferring sodium.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.125-140
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• 2013

This paper aims to give an overview of the methods to inherently prevent human errors and to effectively mitigate the consequences of such errors by securing defense-in-depth during plant management through the advanced man-machine interface system (MMIS). It is needless to stress the significance of human error reduction during an accident in nuclear power plants (NPPs). Unexpected shutdowns caused by human errors not only threaten nuclear safety but also make public acceptance of nuclear power extremely lower. We have to recognize there must be the possibility of human errors occurring since humans are not essentially perfect particularly under stressful conditions. However, we have the opportunity to improve such a situation through advanced information and communication technologies on the basis of lessons learned from our experiences. As important lessons, authors explained key issues associated with automation, man-machine interface, operator support systems, and procedures. Upon this investigation, we outlined the concept and technical factors to develop advanced automation, operation and maintenance support systems, and computer-based procedures using wired/wireless technology. It should be noted that the ultimate responsibility of nuclear safety obviously belongs to humans not to machines. Therefore, safety culture including education and training, which is a kind of organizational factor, should be emphasized as well. In regard to safety culture for human error reduction, several issues that we are facing these days were described. We expect the ideas of the advanced MMIS proposed in this paper to lead in the future direction of related researches and finally supplement the safety of NPPs.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2017

본 논문은 해양플랜트 입찰단계에서 시스템엔지니어링(Systems Engineering)기법을 이용하여 해양플랜트를 구성하고 있는 장비 배치를 검증(Verification)할 수 있는 검증수행모델에 대한 연구이다. 해양플랜트 상부구조물(Topside) 유지보수 장비들을 엔지니어링하기 위하여는 Topside 장비 Layout검증이 선행되어야 한다. 하지만 입찰단계에서 완성도가 높지않는 FEED(Front End Engineering Design)결과물로 인한 많은 오류가 존재함에도 불구하고 검토시간의 부족 등의 이유로 검증을 수행하지 못하는 경우가 존재한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다학제간 접근방식인 시스템엔지니어링 프로세스를 간략화하여 적용함으로써 제한된 시간내 효과적으로 장비배치를 검증할 수 있는 검증수행모델을 제안하였다. 모델의 구성은 기능전개모델(Functional Deployment Model)을 통하여 구축하였으며 사례연구를 통하여 본 Topside 장비 배치에 대한 검증 수행모델을 검증하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2008

철근콘크리트 구조물에서 배근상태에 따라서는 다짐불량에 의한 재료분리 및 골재폐쇄현상이 발생하여 채움이 제대로 되지 않는 경우가 발생할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 그 영향을 충분히 고려하지 않고 있는 재료분리에 따른 중립축이하 인장부 콘크리트가 보부재 거동에 미치는 영향 파악을 위한 실험을 수행하여, 보부재의 인장 철근영역 콘크리트의 유효성 파악을 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 실험결과 인장철근영역 콘크리트의 재료분리에 따른 거동은 부재항복강도에는 미치는 영향이 없으나, 부재 휨연성, 전단저항능력을 저하시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 탄소섬유판이 표면 매입된 철근 콘크리트 보의 휨 거동 효과를 고찰하였다. 이를 위하여, 탄소섬유판이 표면 매입된 T 형 철근 콘크리트 보를 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구 결과, 표면매입(NSM) 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 철근콘크리트 부재의 휨 강성 및 극한강도는 섬유판으로 보강되지 않은 보에 비하여 크게 증진되며, 그 최대 증가율은 보강되지 않은 부재의 경우보다 약 247%로 나타났다. 위 철근콘크리트 부재의 파괴는 부재 길이 방향으로 섬유 소선이 풀리는 표면매입 탄소 섬유판의 파괴로 시작되며, 탄소섬유판의 파단이 이어지는 2차 파괴가 발생하였다. 표면매입 탄소섬유판은 콘크리트와의 완정한 합성거동을 유도하여 따라서 탄소섬유판을 표면에 매입하는 방식은 노후 구조물 보강방식으로 매우 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2017

Electric utilities has been considered the necessity to introduce AM(asset management) of electric power facilities in order to reduce maintenance cost of existing facilities and to maximize profit. In order to make decisions in terms of repairs and replacements for power transformers, not only measuring by counting parts and labor costs, but comprehensive comparison including reliability and cost is needed. Therefore, this study is modeling input cost for power transformer during its entire life and also the life cycle cost (LCC) technique is applied. In particular, this paper presents an application of heuristic harmony search(HS) optimization algorithm to the convergence and the validity of economic life assessment of power transformer from LCC technique. This recently developed HS algorithm is conceptualized using the musical process of searching for a perfect state of harmony. It uses a stochastic random search instead of a gradient search so that derivative information is unnecessary. The effectiveness of the proposed identification method has been demonstrated through an economic life assessment simulation of power transformer using HS optimization algorithm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.5322-5342
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• 2016

In vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) networks, where selfishness degrades node activity, countermeasures for collaboration enforcement must be provided to enable application of a sage and efficient network environment. Because vehicular networks feature both high mobility and various topologies, selfish behavior judgment and establishment of a stable routing protocol become intensely challenging. In this paper, a two-phase-based generous cooperative routing protocol (called GEC) is presented for V2V networks to provide resistance to selfishness. To detect selfish behaving vehicles, a packet forwarding watchdog and an average connection rate based on the multipath weight method are used, where evidence is gathered from different watchdogs. Then, multihop relay decisions are made using a generous cooperative algorithm based on game theory. Finally, through buffering of the multiple end-to-end paths and judicious choice of optimal cooperative routes, route maintenance phase is capable of dealing with congestion and rapidly exchanging traffic. Specifically, it is proved that the GEC is theoretically subgame perfect. Simulation results show that for V2V networks with inherently selfish nodes, the proposed method isolates uncooperative vehicles and is capable of accommodating both the mobility and congestion circumstances by facilitating information dissemination and reducing end-to-end delay.