• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-26
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to provide a formalized process of decision making for companies or organizations that need to make various decisions in the age of uncertainty. Therefore, this study aimed to proposes a strategic decision-making approach citing the relatively easily accessible using IPA(important-performance analysis) and SWOT/AHP analysis. Research design, data, and methodology - To be specific, the first step is to derive necessary attributes and conduct IPA. The second step is to subdivide the IPA results into internal strength and weakness factors and the external opportunity and threat factors, hierarchize those factors, and weight them accordingly. The third step is to build a causality model to propose a method of supporting a rational decision making. Results - The foregoing approach seems to facilitate the diversification of decision-making strategies by helping businesses or organizations to measure and analyze the attributes needed for certain decisions. Additionally, the perceived importance and satisfaction (or achievement) usage of those derived attributes can be used as the reference data for SWOT/AHP analysis. Conclusions - The proposed stepwise approach is applicable to businesses or organizations in need of making stepwise decisions in line with their retained competencies in comparison to conventional or intuitive decision-making practices.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.68-79
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• 1999

The purposes of the study, based on the social comparison theory, were 1) to examine the body image and the body distortion of the late adolescent through the attitudinal and perceptual measurement of the body image and to examine the self-esteem, 2) to examine the difference of the clothing behaviors depending on the level of the body image, the body distortion and the self-esteem, 3) to examine the difference in the clothing behavior, the body image and the self-esteem according to sex. The sampling method was a convenient sampling and the subjects were 137 undergraduate students in Chungnam national University. The results of this study were as follows : The results of analysing the factors to the response of attitudinal body image emerged three factors (appearance interest, weight concern, and body satisfaction). The results of analysing the response of the clothing behavior showed four factors (fashion interest, psychological dependence of clothing, conformity to clothing, and exhibitionism of clothing). The positive group to the body image showed more interest in the fashion and had the tendency of depending on the clothing psychologically, and also showed that the group revealed much exhibitive attitude by using the clothing. The group of perceiving the face rather correctly tends to do the conformity behaviors, but the group distorting the shoulder width wider than tends to reveal more conformity behaviors. The group with the higher self-esteem had little interested in the fashion and also did the conformity behaviors slightly.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.113-117
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• 1996

We study the similarities in timbre by varying both the form of the spectrum and the fundamental frequencies. A three dimensional configuration was drawn as a result of multidimensional scaling analysis. This configuration suggests that the difference in fundamental frequencies is one of the factors that change the timbre of complex tones. Also we considered the possibility of expressing the broad perception of timbre using auditory spectrum. The experimental result is well agreed with the calculation using the frequency weight matrix excluding the small value of auditory spectrum.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.9-21
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• 2021

This study investigated whether Korean learners improve acoustic cue weights to identify Korean lenis and aspirated stops in the direction of native values through perception training that focused on contrasting the stops in various phonetic contexts. Nineteen native Chinese learners of Korean and two native Korean instructors for the perception training participated in the experiment. A training group and a non-training group were divided according to pretest results, and only the training group participated in the training for 5 days. To estimate the perceptual weights of the stop cues, a pretest and a posttest were conducted with stimuli whose stop cues (F0 and VOT) were systematically manipulated. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed on each learner's test results to calculate perceptual β coefficients, which estimate the perceptual weights of the acoustic cues used in identifying the stop contrast. The training group showed a statistically significant increase of 0.451 on average in the posttest for the coefficient values of the F0, which is the primary cue for the stop contrast, whereas the non-training group showed an insignificant increase of 0.246. The patterns of change in the F0 use after training varied considerably among individual learners.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.544-551
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• 2023

Speech enhancement used to improve the perceptual quality and intelligibility of noise speech has been studied as a method using a complex-valued spectrum that can improve both magnitude and phase in a method using a magnitude spectrum. In this paper, a study was conducted on how to apply attention mechanism to complex-valued spectrum-based speech enhancement systems to further improve the intelligibility and quality of noise speech. The attention is performed based on additive attention and allows the attention weight to be calculated in consideration of the complex-valued spectrum. In addition, the global average pooling was used to consider the importance of the feature map. Complex-valued spectrum-based speech enhancement was performed based on the Deep Complex U-Net (DCUNET) model, and additive attention was conducted based on the proposed method in the Attention U-Net model. The results of the experiments on noise speech in a living room environment showed that the proposed method is improved performance over the baseline model according to evaluation metrics such as Source to Distortion Ratio (SDR), Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ), and Short Time Object Intelligence (STOI), and consistently improved performance across various background noise environments and low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) conditions. Through this, the proposed speech enhancement system demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the intelligibility and quality of noisy speech.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.147-168
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• 2017

We investigated perceptual similarity and the difference between client and vendor in information technology (IT) outsourcing projects. Specifically, we focused on each player's perception of how the fit of governance and peripheral knowledge affects the performance of IT project outsourcing. For 107 IT projects, we surveyed both client and vendor in the same IT projects and compared the responses of each side. Through a dyadic analysis, we first found that both client and vendor put more weight on the vendor's peripheral knowledge than that of the client as a positive influencer of project performance. However, regarding the governance style of an IT project, client and vendor showed completely different perspectives. The client believed that the vendor's peripheral knowledge positively contributes to the performance of IT project under the governance of outcome control. However, the vendor showed that its peripheral knowledge creates synergy effects under the governance of process control. Our interpretation of the perceptual similarity and difference between client and vendor delivers managerial implications for businesses that process IT projects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.679-686
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• 2020

In this thesis, an enhanced method for the feature extraction of vocal source signals and score combination using an MCE-Based weight estimation of the score of multiple feature vectors are proposed for the performance improvement of speaker recognition systems. The proposed feature vector is composed of perceptual linear predictive cepstral coefficients, skewness, and kurtosis extracted with lowpass filtered glottal flow signals to eliminate the flat spectrum region, which is a meaningless information section. The proposed feature was used to improve the conventional speaker recognition system utilizing the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and the perceptual linear predictive cepstral coefficients extracted with the speech signals and Gaussian mixture models. In addition, to increase the reliability of the estimated scores, instead of estimating the weight using the probability distribution of the convectional score, the scores evaluated by the conventional vocal tract, and the proposed feature are fused by the MCE-Based score combination method to find the optimal speaker. The experimental results showed that the proposed feature vectors contained valid information to recognize the speaker. In addition, when speaker recognition is performed by combining the MCE-based multiple feature parameter scores, the recognition system outperformed the conventional one, particularly in low Gaussian mixture cases.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.383-388
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• 2006

This Paper presents a novel approach to single channel microphone speech enhancement in noisy environments. Widely used noise reduction techniques based on the spectral subtraction are generally expressed as a spectral gam depending on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The well-known decision-directed(DD) estimator of Ephraim and Malah efficiently reduces musical noise under the background noise conditions, but generates the delay of the a prioiri SNR because the DD weights the speech spectrum component of the Previous frame in the speech signal. Therefore, the noise suppression gain which is affected by the delay of the a priori SNR, which is estimated by the DD matches the previous frame rather than the current one, so after noise suppression. this degrades the noise reduction performance during speech transient periods. We propose a computationally simple but effective speech enhancement technique based on the sigmoid type function for the weight Parameter of the DD. The proposed approach solves the delay problem about the main parameter, the a priori SNR of the DD while maintaining the benefits of the DD. Performances of the proposed enhancement algorithm are evaluated by ITU-T p.862 Perceptual Evaluation of Speech duality (PESQ). the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) and the speech spectrogram under various noise environments and yields better results compared with the fixed weight parameter of the DD.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2014

In order to study the capacities of a new occurrence of Brazilian clay samples as partial replacements of cement, a bentonite sample was selected for utilization in the natural and modified forms for present study. The natural bentonite (BBT) was modified by anchorament of 3-aminopropyltrietoxisilane ($BBT_{APS}$) and 3,2-aminoethylaminopropyltrimetoxisilane (BBTAEAPS) in the surface of component minerals of bentonite sample. The original and organo-bentonite samples were characterized by elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopic and textural analyses. The values of micropore area were varying from $7.2m^2g^{-1}$ for the BBT to $12.3m^2g^{-1}$ for the $BBT_{AEAPS}$. The bentonite samples were characterized by the main variable proportion of bentonite in the natural and intercalated forms (2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 % by weight of cement) in the replacement mode whiles the amount of cementations material. The workability, density of fresh concrete, and absorption of water decreased as the substitution of ordinary Portland cement by perceptual of natural and modified bentonite increased. The results reveal that workability decreased with decrease of the amount of natural bentonite in the concrete, same behavior is observed for bentonite functionalized, varying from 49 to 28 mm. The energetic influence of the interaction of calcium nitrate in the structure of blends was determined through the calorimetric titration procedure.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.573-579
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• 2019

To achieve fully autonomous driving, the perceptual skills of the surrounding environment must be superior to those of humans. The $60^{\circ}$ angle, $120^{\circ}$ wide angle cameras, which are used primarily in autonomous driving, have their disadvantages depending on the viewing angle. This paper uses a multi-angle object recognition system to overcome each of the disadvantages of wide and narrow-angle cameras. Also, the aspect ratio of data acquired with wide and narrow-angle cameras was analyzed to modify the SSD(Single Shot Detector) algorithm, and the acquired data was learned to achieve higher performance than when using only monocular cameras.