• 한국노년학
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.363-388
• /
• 2019

This study examined the influence of subjective age on subjective well-being and depression, and the mediating effect of meaning in life. A survey of 394 adults aged 40 or older completed a questionnaire concerning subjective age perception, meaning in life, subjective well-being, and depression. The main results are summarized as follows. First, the analysis of subjective age according to the sociodemographic variables showed that middle-aged and elderly people, who were highly educated and had good perceived health status, felt themselves younger than their counterparts did. Second, a young subjective age had a positive effect on meaning in life and subjective well-being while negatively influencing depression. Third, meaning in life significantly mediated the relationship among subjective age, subjective well-being, and depression. In other words, the younger the middle- and old-aged adults perceived themselves, the more meaning they found in life, which led to higher subjective well-being and lower depression. These findings suggest that, as people get older, perceiving themselves as younger than their chronological age can protect their mental health, and meaning in life plays an important role in the process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.539-548
• /
• 2014

The objective of this study was to determine the perception of monosodium glutamate (MSG) contents in eating out menu and MSG symptom complex. Respondents in the Seoul area were surveyed from Feb. 10 to 20, 2014. The results are summarized as follows. The 51.3% of respondents were male and 48.7% of them were female. As for age, 73.5% of respondents were 20~24 years old. Favorite menu of respondents' eating out were Korean food (57.8%), Western food (17.6%), Fast food (9.5%), Japanese food (6.2%), Chinese food (5.2%). Male respondents favored Korean food (62.4%), Fast food (10.2%) and Western food (9.6%), but female respondents favored Korean food (53.0%), Western food (26.2%) and Fast food (8.7%). The 48.7% of respondents considered Chinese food containing high amount of MSG. A few respondents (18.6%) recognized to usage amount of MSG as consideration factor to select eating out menu. However, most respondents (55.2%) perceived harmful to take excessive amount of MSG contained food. The 37.9% of respondents had experience of MSG symptom complex after eating out. Respondents' self recognized MSG symptom complex were thirstiness (84.5%), drowsiness (55.7%), weakness (34.5%), nausea (30.2%), tightness (20.7%) and headache (14.7%). The 19.9% of respondents like MSG contained food. The reason for disliking MSG contained food were 'bad for health' (66.3%) and 'MSG symptom' (33.2%). The reason for liking MSG contained food were 'good taste (83.6%) and 'habitual eating' (14.8%). The result of this study showed that some sensitive people have unpleasant reaction after eating out. Therefore, it is suggested that natural flavor enhancer may develop to replace the use of MSG.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.427-434
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the elements to affect the usage of individual oral hygiene devices in adults by the age group, to make the community inhabitants keep their healthy dental hygiene status, and to provide them with the educational materials for the dental hygiene and the basic data for the program development. The purpose of the study is to investigate the relation ot use of oral hygiene devices in the adults. Methods: The subjects were 9,073 adults from the sixth KNHANES from January, 2013 to December, 2014. The study consisted of questionnaire survey and direct physical examination. The questionnaire included genral characteristics of the subjects and oral health characteristics. The general characteristics consisted of subjective perception of health and chronic diseases. The oral health characteristics consisted of subjective oral health perception, dental caries, periodontal disease, annual oral examination, toothbrushing, prosthetics, implant surgery, and use of individual oral hygiene devices. Results: Those within 40 to 64 years old were the top users of oral hygiene devices. They perceived their dental hygiene was normal because they did not have periodontal disease but most of them had dental caries. They used oral hygiene devices three times a day and brushed teeth more than three times a day. They took annual dental checkup. Conclusions: It is necessary to promote the use of oral hygiene devices to prevent the dental caries and periodontal disease. The continuous training for the dental hygienists is very important because the dental hygienists is the first line of the prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.344-352
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The study was to identify influencing factors on fear of falling in postmenopausal women. Methods: With a correlational survey design, 125 postmenopausal women were recruited at the D metropolitan city by a convenience sampling. Fracture risk status was assessed by bone mineral densities (BMD) at lumbar and femur with DEXA method. A structured study questionnaire was used to measure demographic variables, osteoporosis self-efficacy, and fear of falling. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 59 years old and duration since menopause was 9.55 years. Twenty six percent of the subjects belonged to osteoporotic group in fracture risk status. Mean score for fear of falling was 16.10 (SD=5.18) indicating low level, and osteoporosis self-efficacy for exercise and diet was 44.76 (SD=7.41), indicating mid-range level. Factors influencing the fear of falling was longer time since menopause ($\beta=.30$), lower score of osteoporosis self-efficacy for exercise ($\beta=-.26$), poor health perception status ($\beta=-.16$), and presence of chronic disease ($\beta=.16$), and the explained variance was 20%. Conclusion: Although the level of fear of falling was yet low in postmenopausal women, women who had lower self-efficacy of osteoporosis for exercise and poorer health perception felt greater fear of falling. Therefore, an educational program specific to improve osteoporosis self-efficacy and reduce the fear of falling is needed for improving postmenopausal women's psychosocial well-being.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.376-385
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to estimate beverage consumption frequency and determine related problems of elementary school students in Chungnam. The survey was conducted with 488 students(boys=230, girls=258) using a questionnaire. The average age of the students was 10.1 years old, thir average height and weight were 145.1 cm and 39.5 kg, respectively and the obesity index was -1.3%. The frequencies for breakfast, lunch and dinner were 5.8 times/week, 6.7 times/week and 6.4 times/week, respectively. Regarding the frequency of snacks, high response rates for 'once/day'(38.3%) and 'none' (30.5%) were observed. Nutrition label on beverages were identified rarely(39.1%), nearly never(19.7%), and never(12.9%). The choice factors in selecting beverage were taste, nutrition, and price. For the type of snack most often consumed, fruit or juice was 25.8%, snack items were 25.2%, bread was 24.8%, dairy products were 7.6%, beverages were 7.0%, noddles were 6.2%, and rice cakes were 3.5%. The kinds of favorite beverages were carbonated drinks(30.3%), functional drinks (24.4%) and milk and yoghurt(23.8%), and main reason for the choice of beverage was "it tastes good". For the point of time that students wanted to drink a beverage, "when I feel thirsty" appeared most often for dairy products and beverages and the next most frequent answer was "after exercise". Therefore it may be necessary to administer systematic nutritional education on perception on nutrition fact label of beverage. And it is thought that plan for proper beverage consumption in elementary school students may be established.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.439-446
• /
• 2011

Purpose: Early diagnosis is the primary method aimed at controlling breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to analyze some factors affecting the performance of mammography screening among women with a family history of breast cancer in Korea. Methods: This study applied a descriptive design method through structured self-report questionnaires. The Care Seeking Behavior Theory provided a theoretical framework for the study. Factors measured in this study represent demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables including anxiety, barriers, utility, habits, perception, and facilitators. A total of 212 participants, of at least 20 years old, were sampled from April 8, 2010 to March 31, 2011. The data was analyzed by logistic regression method using the Statistical Package for the Social Science 18.0 software. Results: Of the 212 participants, 122 women (57.5%) went through mammography screening. The results of the analysis showed that (a) age (Odds Ratio [OR] =1.10, p<.001), (b) facilitating influences (OR=1.83, p=.008), (c) perception of mammography importance (OR=1.92, p=.011), (d) barriers to mammography (OR=0.60, p=.031), and (e) utility of mammography (OR=2.01, p=.050) significantly affect mammography screening. Conclusion: The results underscore the impact that psychosocial variables in obtaining mammography have on adherence to screening. Women with a family history of breast cancer should be given accurate information and recommendation about mammography by healthcare provider and a regular source of healthcare.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.205-211
• /
• 2017

Background: Radiation is used in a variety of areas, but it also poses potential risks. Although radiation is often used with great effectiveness in many applications, people perceive potential risks associated with radiation and feel anxious about the possibility of radiation exposure. Various methods of measuring radiation doses have been developed, but there is no way for the general public to measure their doses with ease. Currently, many people use smartphones, which provide information about the location of an individual phone through network connections. If a smartphone application could be developed for measuring radiation dosage, it would be a very effective way to measure individuals' radiation doses. Thus, we conducted a survey study to assess the social acceptance of such a technology by the general public and their intent to use that technology to measure radiation doses, as well as to investigate whether such an intention is correlated with anxiety and attitudes toward the use of radiation. Materials and Methods: A nationwide online survey was conducted among 355 Koreans who were 20 years old or older. Results and Discussion: Significant differences were found between the genders in attitudes, perceptions of radiation risk, and fears of exposure to radiation. However, a significant difference according to age was observed only in the intent to use a smartphone dose measurement application. Attitudes towards the use of radiation exerted a negative effect on radiation risk perception and exposure anxiety, whereas attitudes towards the use of radiation, risk perception, and anxiety about exposure were found to have a positive impact on the intent to use a smartphone application for dose measurements. Conclusion: A survey-based study was conducted to investigate how the general public perceives radiation and to examine the acceptability of a smartphone application as a personal dose monitoring device. If such an application is developed, it could be used not only to monitor an individual's dose, but also to contribute to radiation safety information infrastructure by mapping radiation in different areas, which could be utilized as a useful basis for radiation research.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 2009

African Americans in the United States suffer from many health disparities such as obesity, diabetes or hypertension. Lifestyle factors including diet and physical activity play an important role in prevention of these health conditions. The purpose of this research project was to assess beliefs, barriers and self-efficacy of eating a healthy diet and self efficacy of shopping for foods such as whole grains or foods designated as low fat or low sodium. Additionally, the objective was to assess beliefs about healthfulness, appropriate consumption, and protective aspect of specific foods including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. The assessment was done using a survey instrument developed for this study. Data collection took place at two church locations. Data were obtained from 57 African Americans, mean age 50 years old (SD 12.70) completed the survey. The majority of respondents (58.1%) were females and most (75%) had at least some college education. Generally, benefits of eating healthy foods received considerably higher scores compared to barriers of eating healthy. A belief that healthy foods would help to take care of one's body received the highest mean score while a belief that healthy foods are too expensive had the highest score from all barriers. The results showed high self-efficacy of eating and purchasing healthy foods, high awareness of knowledge regarding foods associated with disease prevention but low awareness of recommendations for fruits and vegetables. The high scores for benefits, self-efficacy and knowledge regarding eating healthy foods did not translate into the perception of intake of such foods. Most participants believed that they do not eat enough of healthy foods. Interventions design to help African Americans make dietary changes should be culturally relevant and should involved working on a community level utilizing messages that are familiar and relevant to African Americans.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.18 no.9
• /
• pp.424-432
• /
• 2018

Job-wage is "a compensation system in which the basic pay is determined by the value of the task regardless of the nature of the person performing the task." The retirement age of workers in 2016 is trying to improve the wage system due to the enactment of the 60-year-old law. The performance salary system introduced in the previous administration try to switch the government of Moon Jae-in. In other words, the introduction of performance salary from the Seniority based Wage and the shift to the job payment system are taking place. This study analyzed case agencies in connection with the transition of job wage to public agencies. In other words, based on the awareness of the employees involved to the contents of the transition of the performance annual salary system to the job wage system analyze empirically. This study finds that there was strong negative perception of the performance-based pay system as a whole and the shift to a job wage system was also highly opposing. It was revealed that efforts to improve the problem are needed to improve performance annual salary system, to reverse the negative perception of job wage, to prepare fair evaluation criteria for performance and job duty and to persuade employees who oppose job change.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to define the purchase behavior of online luxury fashion brand consumers that soon became new luxury consumption trends. To investigate online luxury fashion brand consumer's purchase behavior, three variables were suggested based on advanced researches. These variables include economic value, item variety and pleasure. Purchasing luxury online was not common but as cross-border online shopping market became popular, consumers began to purchase luxury items through online shopping platforms. Preliminary surveys was conducted on 20~40-year-old consumers who have experience in online shopping for luxurious items. Total 238 questionnaires were used for analysis. By using SPSS, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, t-test and ANOVA were conducted. The results of the study were as follow; first, consumer's purchase behavior appeared to be influenced by the order of pleasure of shopping, economic value and item variety. Repurchase intention appeared to be affected by the order of economic value, item variety, and pleasure of shopping. Second, online luxury fashion consumers perceived that risk does not affect purchase intention and repurchase intention. Third, as purchase intention increases, repurchase intention also increases. Fourth, shopping value, age and channel risk also indicated meaningful differences. As an early study of luxury fashion brand products purchased directly online, the academic significance can facilitate an overall understanding of consumer behavior such as usage motive, risk perception, behavioral intention.