• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

The goal of the current study is to investigate how the sound change is reflected in production or in perception, and what the effect of lexical frequency is on the loss of sound contrasts. Specifically, the current study examined whether the vowel length contrasts are retained in Korean speakers' productions, and whether Korean listeners can distinguish vowel length minimal pairs in their perception. Two production experiments and two perception experiments investigated this. For production tests, twelve Korean native speakers in their 20s and 40s completed a read-aloud task as well as a map-task. The results showed that, regardless of their age group, all Korean speakers produced vowel length contrasts with a small but significant differences in the read-aloud test. Interestingly, the difference between long and short vowels has disappeared in the map task, indicating that the speech mode affects producing vowel length contrasts. For perception tests, thirty-three Korean listeners completed a discrimination and a forced-choice identification test. The results showed that Korean listeners still have a perceptual sensitivity to distinguish lexical meaning of the vowel length minimal pair. We also found that the identification accuracy was affected by the word frequency, showing a higher identification accuracy in high- and mid- frequency words than low frequency words. Taken together, the current study demonstrated that the speech mode (read-aloud vs. spontaneous) affects the production of the sound undergoing a language change; and word frequency affects the sound change in speech perception.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the audiologic results after cochlear implantation (CI) in older patients and the degree of improvement in their quality of life (QoL). Subjects and Methods: Patients over 65 years old who underwent CI at implant center in Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital were included in this study (n=54; 34 males and 20 females). The control group was patient over 65 years old with normal hearing (n=54; 34 males and 20 females). We administered three questionnaires [World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD (WHOQOL-OLD)], and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to evaluate the QoL, CIrelated effects on activities of daily life, and social activities in all the subjects. Moreover, correlations between speech recognition and the QoL scores were evaluated. The duration of implant use and comorbidities were also examined as potential factors affecting QoL. Results: The patients had remarkable improvements (the mean score of postoperative speech perception 75.7%) in speech perception after CI. The scores for the WHOQOL-OLD and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire responses were similar in both the study and control groups, except those for a two subdomains (social relations and social participation). The patients with longer-term CI had higher scores than those with short-term CI use. In general, the changes in GDS scores were not significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The treatment of hearing loss with CI conferred significant improvement in patient's QoL (p<0.01). The evaluation of QoL can provide multidimensional insights into a geriatric patient's progress and, therefore, should be considered by audiologists.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the audiologic results after cochlear implantation (CI) in older patients and the degree of improvement in their quality of life (QoL). Subjects and Methods: Patients over 65 years old who underwent CI at implant center in Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital were included in this study (n=54; 34 males and 20 females). The control group was patient over 65 years old with normal hearing (n=54; 34 males and 20 females). We administered three questionnaires [World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), World Health Organization Quality of Life-OLD (WHOQOL-OLD)], and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) to evaluate the QoL, CIrelated effects on activities of daily life, and social activities in all the subjects. Moreover, correlations between speech recognition and the QoL scores were evaluated. The duration of implant use and comorbidities were also examined as potential factors affecting QoL. Results: The patients had remarkable improvements (the mean score of postoperative speech perception 75.7%) in speech perception after CI. The scores for the WHOQOL-OLD and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire responses were similar in both the study and control groups, except those for a two subdomains (social relations and social participation). The patients with longer-term CI had higher scores than those with short-term CI use. In general, the changes in GDS scores were not significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The treatment of hearing loss with CI conferred significant improvement in patient's QoL (p<0.01). The evaluation of QoL can provide multidimensional insights into a geriatric patient's progress and, therefore, should be considered by audiologists.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.59-74
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• 2020

본 연구는 참여적 연구방법인 포토보이스 방법을 적용하여 대학생들의 인터넷 중독에 대한 주관적 인식에 대해 심층적으로 탐색해 보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 G대학의 대학생 9명이며, 일반적인 포토보이스 연구절차에 따라 오리엔테이션, 연구 참여자들의 사진촬영을 통한 자료수집, 사진 선정, 맥락화, 범주화 과정으로 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과 인터넷 중독의 의미, 인터넷 중독이 삶에 미치는 영향, 인터넷 중독에서 벗어나는 방안이라는 주제에 따라 15개의 하위범주가 도출 되었다. 인터넷 중독의 의미에 대한 인식은 '자기조절 능력상실', '출구 없는 습관', '세상과의 단절', '나를 잃어버림', '자발적 감옥'이라는 5가지 범주로 나타났다. 인터넷 중독이 삶에 미치는 영향은 5가지 범주로 '건강 악화, '사회적 고립, '망가진 일상', '익명으로 인한 폭력성', '나의 발견과 삶의 확장'이었다. 인터넷 중독에서 벗어나는 방법에 대해서는 '자기바라보기', '새로운 취미생활', '주변의 도움', '현실속의 만남', '강제적 차단'이 도출되었다. 대학생의 시선으로 바라본 인터넷 중독에 대한 논의와 올바른 인터넷 사용을 조력할 수 있는 상담 프로그램 구성에 대한 시사점을 제언하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2019년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.525-528
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• 2019

Atmospheric particle removal is a challenging task and attacks wide interests in computer vision filed. In this paper, we proposed a single image snow removal framework based on deep residual networks. According to the fact that there are various snow sizes in a snow image, the inception module which consists of different filter kernels was adopted to extract multiple resolution features of the input snow image. Except the traditional mean square error loss, the perceptual loss and total variation loss were employed to generate more clean images. Experimental results on synthetic and realistic snow images indicated that the proposed method achieves superior performance in respect of visual perception and objective evaluation.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2018

본 연구는 주관적 체형 인식이 체중 조절 행태와 체중 변화에 미치는 영향에 관하여 규명하고, 바른 정보와 교육의 필요성을 제시 하기위해 시행 되었다. 제6기(2013-2015년) 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 활용하여 체질 량 지수가 $18.5-25kg/m^2$ 인 만 19세 이상 성인 여성 6,238명을 대상으로 분석한 결과, 교육 수준과 소득 수준이 높을수록 자신을 비만으로 인식하고 있었으며 전체 조사대상자에서, 체중 감소를 위해 운동과 식사량 감소를 가장 많이 선택하고 있었다. 체중 감소 노력 비율은 비만 체형 인식 군이 높았으나, 1년간 체중 변화에서 마름 체형 인식 군이 가장 높은 체중 감소 결과를 보였다(p< .001). 결과적으로, 주관적 체형 인식이 체중 조절 행태 뿐 만 아니라 체중 변화에도 영향을 미치고 있었다(p< .001). 따라서 건강한 체중 조절 행태에 대한 교육과 바른 신체 이미지, 건강한 체형인식에 대한 교육이 체계적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.150-167
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• 1991

The intent of this longitudinal descriptive correlational study is to investigate the change of the mother - infant interactions over the periods of one month, three months and six months of the infant's age. This study is also intended to explore the interrelationships among three major factors- the perception of pregnancy, the mother -infant inter-action and the maternal attitude. The samples participated are 36 pairs of mother and infant from two university hospitals in Seoul. A data collection was made, from October in 1988 to September in 1989, for each subject at five periods of time ; prenatal period (after 36 weeks in pregnancy), postpartum two or three days, one month, three months and six months of infant's age. The research tools used in this investigation are Mother - Infant Play Interaction Scale (MIPIS), Prenatal Self- Evaluation Questionnaire and Cohler's Maternal Attitude Scale. Some of the findings are as follows ; 1. There is a significant increase in the mother - infant interaction from one month to three months and six months of infant's age. The highest score of the mother - infant interaction during three periods is at the time of three months. 2. The primipara's mother -infant interaction is not affected by the demographic characteristics, such as age, education and vocation of mother, types of delivery, or sex of infant. 3. Among seven categories of the perception of pregnancy, the most positively perceived categories by primiparas are acceptance of pregnancy and identification of. a motherhood role : whereas the negative ones are preparation for labor, concern for well -being of self and baby, md fear of pain, helplessness and loss of control in order of negativity. 4. There is no significant relationship between the perception of pregnancy and the mother - infant interactions. 5. There is no significant change in the maternal attitude over the period of one month, three months, and six months of infant's age. 6. There is no significant relationship between the maternal attitude and the mother - infant interactions. 7, The significant relationships are (end between the perception of pregnancy and maternal attitude, especially in the categories of concern for well -being of self and baby, accetance of pregnancy, identification of a motherhood role, fear of pain, helplessness and loss of control, and relationship with husband. In conclusion, it is confirmed that primipara's mother-infant interactions change over time period, and that perception of pregnancy and the maternal attitude do not affect the mother-infant interactions despite a significat relationship between those two variables. The implications of this investigation include a suggestion that nurses need to teach and demonstrate to mothers how to care for and interact with their infants, with a view to improving the mother-infant interactions which can be obtained through the improvement of maternal sensitivity to their infants.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.520-531
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• 2018

Aim of this study is to investigate the perception and purchasing status of functional beverages for adults in the Chungnam area. In this case, the reasons to buy the functional beverages for men were 'recovery of fatigue (43.1%)', 'quenching thirst (21.6%)', 'health promotion (19.6%)', 'supply of nutrition (15%)', and 'a loss in weight (7%)'. Otherwise the reasons to buy the functional beverage for women showed to be 'recovery of fatigue (28.6%)', 'health promotion (26.4%)', 'quenching thirst (22.1%)', 'supply of nutrition (12.9%)', and 'a loss in weight (10%)', which were significant different between the men and women subjects. The place to buy functional beverages was for singles (46.5%) a store and for married person a supermarket. The purchase of functional beverages was affected by as follows; manufactured date > original granule > nutrition sign > country > price > taste > brand > scent > color and the women are affected more than men. For functional beverages, the men preferred to buy an energy drink and vitamin drink more than the women. After the intake of functional beverages, the men and women recognized the effect on 'recovery of fatigue' and 'a loss of weight/release of a feeling of hunger/improvement of constipation', respectively. Considering the results of the study, it is necessary to clarify the function of functional beverages so that consumers can choose and take the correct functional beverage by themselves. In addition, the nutritional education should be conducted for the intake allowance for the compositions and excessive or inadequate intake of functional beverages.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2020

탈모인들은 자신의 이미지 개선과 자신감 극복을 위해 많은 노력을 하고 있다. 그 중 탈모를 위해 착용하는 가발에 대한 수요와 인식의 변화는 좋아지고 있으나 가발 자체의 탈모, 탈색, 엉킴 현상이 발생하고 부자연스러운 헤어 스타일링과 가발 착용에 드는 소요 시간 등 불편한 부분들이 있어 이를 개선한 새로운 시술방법으로 헤어 증모술이 대두되고 있다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 자신의 모발에 인모 가닥을 엮어 증모시키는 헤어 증모술을 통해 중년 여성 탈모인들의 삶의 질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는지 검증하는데 있다. 조사 대상자는 중년 탈모여성으로 증모 전, 후 삶의 질을 측정하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과 헤어 증모술이 중년 탈모 여성의 경제적 만족도, 신체적 만족도, 정신적 만족도, 사회적 만족도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 헤어 증모술이 중년 탈모 여성의 삶의 질을 향상시키는데 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 증모 후 만족도와 재시술 의향도 높아 뷰티 시장의 블루오션인 헤어 증모술을 통해 고부가 가치 창출을 기대할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.176-182
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• 2021

본 논문은 다양한 손실 함수에 따른 Deep Nerual Network(DNN) 기반 음성 향상 모델의 성능을 비교 평가한다. 베이스라인 모델로는 음성의 위상 정보를 고려할 수 있는 복소 네트워크를 사용하였다. 손실 함수는 두 가지 유형의 기본 손실 함수, Mean Squared Error(MSE)와 Scale-Invariant Source-to-Noise Ratio(SI-SNR)를 사용하였으며 두 가지 유형의 지각 기반 손실 함수 Perceptual Metric for Speech Quality Evaluation(PMSQE)과 Log Mel Spectra(LMS)를 사용한다. 성능은 각 손실 함수의 다양한 조합을 사용하여 얻은 출력을 객관적인 평가와 청취 테스트를 통해 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 지각기반 손실 함수를 MSE 또는 SI-SNR과 결합하였을 때 전반적으로 성능이 향상되며, 지각기반 손실함수를 사용하면 객관적 지표에서 약세를 보이는 경우라도 청취 테스트에서 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.