• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1067-1073
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• 2021

가상 환경 속의 참여자는 가상 객체와의 상호작용을 통해 실제와는 다른 몰입감과 인지적 경험을 하게 된다. 최근에는 누구나 쉽고 저렴하게 가상 환경을 경험할 수 있는 스마트폰 기반의 머리 착용형 디스플레이(HMD)들과 광시야각의 고품질 HMD들도 폭넓게 상용화되고 있다. 하지만, HMD의 근본적 수렴-초점조절 불일치 구조와 현실 세계에서 학습된 인지 차이로 인한 어지러움, 메스꺼움 등의 부작용은 여전히 극복해야 할 문제로 남아 있다. 본 연구는 여러 인지 차이 요인 중 가상 객체와의 상호작용에 중요한 일관된 크기 인지에 초점을 두고 있다. 실제 환경에서 물체의 크기 인지에 영향을 주는 시각도가 가상 환경에서도 주된 요인인지 검증하고, 그 시각도와 가상 객체 크기 인지에 도움을 주는 환경 구성 요소인 그림자와 격자 표현과의 관계를 분석한다. 회귀 분석 결과 시야각이 작은 HMD 환경에서 시각도는 크기 인지에 영향을 미치며, 그림자와 격자 표현도 크기 인지와 유의미한 결과를 얻었다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 실외 환경에서 모바일 디스플레이에 발생하는 명순응 현상과 섬광(flare)을 고려하여 주변광원에 적응적인 모바일 디스플레이에서의 색 재현을 제안하였다. 실외 환경에서 디스플레이된 영상은 인간 시각의 명순응 현상에 의해서 어둡게 인지되고 섬광으로 인하여 장치의 밝기는 다소 높아지지만 채도가 감소하는 현상이 발생한다 이러한 현상을 해결하기 위하여 입력 영상의 밝기를 향상하고 채도를 보상하여 실외에서 영상을 보더라도 실내에서와 유사한 영상으로 인지되도록 하였다. 첫째, 주변광원의 밝기는 조도센서를 사용하여 측정하고, 디스플레이의 반사율을 측정하여 해당 조도 하에서의 섬광을 계산하게 된다. 영상의 밝기는 주변광원의 밝기에 따라 변화하는 추상체(cone) 응답이 선형적으로 되도록 역변환 하여 향상하였다. 다음은 섬광으로 인하여 발생하는 물리적인 채도 저하 현상은 이것이 발생하기 전과 후의 차를 이용하여 그 크기만큼을 보상해 주었다. 결과적으로 제안한 방법을 적용한 영상을 실외 환경에서 보았을 때 기존의 어둡게 보이고 채도가 낮아지던 현상이 향상됨을 실험을 통하여 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: In an environment-friendly agriculture, plant extracts have been perceived as alternatives of synthetic pesticides. The Environment-friendly Agriculture Promotion Act of Korea has approved cinnamon extract as a matter for the production of commercial biopesticides. Thirteen commercial biopesticides containing cinnamon extract have been marketed locally. However, the analytical method for the quality control of these biopesticides containing cinnamon extract has not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cartridge clean-up method for the determination of cinnamaldehyde, cinnamylalcohol and salicylaldehyde in biopesticides containing cinnamon extract was developed and validated by gas chromatography (GC). The clean-up method was optimized with HLB SPE cartridges for the bioactive substance in biopesticides containing cinnamon extract, and the eluate was analyzed by GC. The developed method was validated, and the LOQ and recovery rates of cinnamaldehyde, cinnamylalcohol and salicylaldehyde were 0.139, 0.067 and $0.062mgL^{-1}$ and 84.2, 86.5 and 82.1%, respectively. The contents of cinnamaldehyde, cinnamylalcohol and salicylaldehyde were analyzed using the developed method in the 13 commercial biopesticides. Results showed 0.06-17.37%,

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2007

This study was designed to : (a) investigate the present situations of a college union foodservice and suggest authority on establishing new college foodservice, (b) estimate the service quality attributes as perceived by students, (c) identify the effecting factor to customer satisfaction, and (d) formulate the plans and marketing strategies for the increasing usage rate of the foodservice in the future. The questionnaire that developed by interviewing student were conducted with 305 male and female students, who were registered for daytime classes. A total of 284 were usable and data was analyzed by the SPSS(ver. 11.0) for the descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability test, multiple regression analysis, t-test, and $x^2$. The decrease in the usage rate of college foodservice by the respondents were influenced most by the 'taste of meal' and next by the 'distance'. The service quality attributes of foodservice currently under operation were evaluated above the average only for the 'price' while evaluated generally to be in the lower level of the average or under for others. As the overall level of satisfaction with the college union foodservice, most of the respondents showed the 36% for the ‘dissatisfaction’ and dissatisfied at 54.4%. Two service quality dimensions,"food . sanitation . service" and "price and comfortable environment" were derived from factor analysis and the reasons for decreasing usage rate of the college foodservice both the nearly located group from college union foodservice(NG) and the far away located group from college union foodservie(FG) indicated the ‘poor taste’ and the 'far distance', and the 'evaluation of students' dining room showed a low rating for the factor of "food . sanitation . service". "food . sanitation . service" was analyzed to have more influence to the overall customer satisfaction.

• Architectural research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2015

The physical environment can dramatically affect students' feeling and their behavior, educational attainment, and the way in which we do school activities. Unlimited access to campus areas without appropriate securities have reported an increase of crime in school area and safety issues has encouraged school facility planners to install securities devices at every corner of buildings. However, it is still questionable whether this approach is enough to protect students and staffs from the victimization of crime, including thefts, burglaries and sexual offences. There has been continued doubt about the safety of educational facilities where individual college students are studying and enjoying extra-curricular activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is intended to investigate the effects of perception of safety by students on the level of academic performance at public outdoor environment of university campus. An extensive literature noted that the central element of modern school design principle mainly holds the theory of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and the concept of defensible space. The second generation of CPTED also focused on social soft issues as well as situational factors, which extends beyond mere physical design to include social factors. The correlation analysis found that the effect of sense of safety does appear to be statistically significant on the facilitation of academic achievement. However, the analysis of Chi-square concluded that the perception of safety was not related to demographic and socio-economic profiles of the group except for gender. Further, stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most prime predictor for academic achievement were 'safe public outdoor space/paths' at university campus environment, implying careful design of public open space and sidewalks based on the guideline of CPTED. The study also demonstrated that as the level of positive perception of safety rose, the overall academic achievement also responded to the specified rate (${\beta}=.99$). Finally, the findings reinforce an evidence that high-quality school environments are a positive factor in student academic performance.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.163-176
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• 2021

본 연구는 급변하는 시장환경에서 기업의 의사결정에 영향을 미치는 요인을 찾기 위해 직원들이 지각한 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질이 흡수역량을 통하여 의사결정의 질에 미치는 영향 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 중소기업 직원들을 대상으로 239부의 설문데이터를 수집하였고, SPSS 22.0과 PLS 3.0을 사용하여 연구가설을 검증하였다. 연구결과 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질이 흡수역량에 개별적으로 정(+)의 영향을 나타내었고, 흡수역량은 의사결정의 질에 정(+)의 영향을 나타내었다. 본 연구를 통하여 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질이 흡수역량의 선행요인이 되는 이론적 토대를 마련하였고, 인적자원에 동기부여가 되는 조직공정성과 정보시스템 품질에 대한 종합적인 분석을 통하여 중소기업의 의사결정의 질을 높여 경쟁력을 확보하는 이론적, 실무적 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다. 향후 연구에서는 정보시스템 품질에 대한 추가적인 연구과 의사결정의 질로 인한 성과부분에 다양한 연구가 필요하다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2009

The marketing environment has become competitive to an extent that requires firms to target their products at markets that span national boundaries. However, competitive clout cannot be achieved in global consumer markets unless firms thoroughly understand and adequately respond to the core values and needs of those consumers. Brand equity is one of the most important assets to a company. Especially in sportswear markets, brand equity is the crucial value added to a product by its brand name. Factors such as country of origin also influence customer's attitude towards brand equity. Therefore, this paper discusses the relationship between country of origin effect and brand equity, and how they influence consumers' loyalty for respective brands. This paper focused on the sports shoes market, because it is an increasing area of opportunity for world manufacturers. The objectives of this study were the following. (1) Test the effect of country of origin on brand equity. (2) Test how brand equity influences consumers' brand loyalty. (3) Find whether there are differences in the effects of country of origin and brand equity among the three countries. (4) Find whether there are differences in the effects of country of origin and brand equity among the different lifestyles. Based on the review of literature results, the hypotheses are concluded as the following: H1-a: Country image has positive influence on country of origin. H1-b: Product perception has positive influence on country of origin. H2-a: Perceived quality has positive effect on brand equity. H2-b: Perceived price has positive effect on brand equity. H3: Country of origin has positive effect on brand equity. H4: Brand equity has a positive impact on brand loyalty. Research model was constructed (see Fig. 1). After data analysis, the following results were concluded: sports shoes purchase behavior showed significant differences among Korean, Chinese, and American consumers for favorite brand, purchased brand, purchased place, information usage, and favorite sports games. The results of this study also extend the research of the relationship among country of origin, brand equity and brand loyalty to the sports shoes market. Brand equity was proven to have a significant relationship with brand loyalty for all countries. The factors which can influence brand equity are different for different countries. The third finding of this paper is that we identified different three lifestyles, adventurer, follower, and laggard, for Korean, Chinese and American consumers. Without the nationality boundary, seeing the emergence of a new group of consumers who have similar preferences and buy similar brands is more important. All of the consumers consider brand equity to keep their brand loyalty. Perceived price is the only factor which can influence brand equity for adventurers; brand is more important for them. The laggards were not influenced by any factor. All of the factors expect perceived price are important for the followers. Marketing managers should consider brand equity when introducing their brand into a new market. Also localization is the basic strategy that all the sports shoes companies should understand. But as a global brand, understanding the same characteristics for each country is more important to build global strategy.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.247-275
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to offer the results of content analysis and qualitative study that explored the perceptions about quality nursing care of patients and families as consumers and to identify the implications of this study for quality nursing care management and research. The data was collected from 12 adult patients and 9 families who were admmitted at medical and surgical nursing unit of one university hospital in Seoul from October, 1996 to January, 1997. Research participants were asked to response "what do you think quality nursing care?" and similar questions during the interviews was performed. Data were analyzed using open coding and content analysis with frequencies and percents of attributes of quality nursing care. Attributes of quality nursing care and meaning of quality nursing care that patients and families perceived were explored. 1. The attributes of quality nursing care that patient and families perceived were categorized into 56 attributes. The highest response rate among the attributes was 'one's heart at ease' (76.2%), and the next high response rates were ranked in order 'consideration' , 'care about' (each 61.9% 'expert skill' (57.1%), 'deal with problem promptly' , 'information offer' (42.9%), 'intimate feeling' (38.1%), 'smile' 'service spirit' , 'do one's best' (each 33.3%), 'frequent visit' (23.8%), 'observe the time' (23.8%), 'direct nursing care' , 'speaking warmly' , give a hope' , 'address kindly' , 'a sense of duty' , 'good facilities' (each 19.0%), 'inquire after a patient health' , 'patient-centered nursing care' , 'showing an example' , 'professional knowledge' , 'careless moraly patient' , 'give encourage to patients' , 'good answer a question' (each 14.3%), 'do not imprudently' , 'do not disregard' , 'broad knowledge' , 'emergency treatment skill' , 'dependability' ,'consolation' giving a sense of security' , 'a self sacrificing spirit' , 'a sense of responsibility' 'hard - working', 'enough disposition of nursing staff (each 9.5%), 'improve patient's pride' and the rest attributes exhibited 4.7%, respectively. 2. The attributes that were identified in patients' data only were 8 categories, 'service sprit' (58.3 %) 'expert knowledge' , 'good answer a question' (each 25.0%), 'hard working' (16.7%), 'a warm character', 'professional attainments', 'do without reserve', 'satisfaction' (each 8.3%), 3. The attributes were identified to families' data only were 31 categories, 'speaking warmly' , 'direct nursing care', 'adress kindly', 'patientcentered nursing care', 'showing an example' (each 33.3%). 'do not imprudently' , 'do not disregard' , 'consolation', 'giving a sense of security', 'broad knowledge' , 'emergency treatment skill', 'dependability' ,'a self - sacrificing spirit', 'a sense of responsibility' (each 22.2%), 'improve patient's pride' , 'without discrimination' , 'show kindness' , 'individual nursing care', 'being with patient' , 'helping' , 'accuracy' , 'without any mistake' , 'love' , 'self - confidence', 'self possession', 'a self - denying spirit' , 'a sense of duty' , 'tighten discipline' , 'disposed room with similar patient to diagnosis', 'compensatory relationship between me dical team' , 'role of connection' (each 11.1 %). 4. The attributes of quality nursing care were integrated into 11 categories that they were 'patientcentered nursing care' (25.1%), 'expertise' (22.1%), 'caring'(18.1%), 'kindness'(11.1%L 'nurse attainments(10.1%), 'sincerity' (7.5%), 'good environment' (2.0%), 'effective organizational management', 'coordination', 'enough nursing staff' ( each 1.0%), 'satisfaction' (0.5%) were showed in the order of the highest rate. 5. The concept of quality nursing care were defined as 'give a satisfaction to patients by patientcentered care based on professional skill and caring with kindness and sincerity'. The description of the meaning of quality nursing care provided by this research participants, patients and families can provide important information for quality nursing care management, medical marketing, education and researches of this field. On the basis of the above findings the following recommendations are made: to suggest to utilize this results for patient care in practice setting, development of quality assessment tool in nursing care, repeat study by the same subjects and method, and to a comparative study by the same method to nurse.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2012

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the foodservice management support program focusing on menu management in community child centers. The support program provided reference menus, staff training, and field consulting to 10 community child centers in the Jeollanam-do province for one month, August in 2010. One month menus were developed, based on children's preference for menu items, foodservice personnel's preference for food materials, and availability of local specialty foods, and offered as reference menus. In addition, staff training and field consulting focusing on menu management were conducted before and during the pilot period, respectively. To evaluate the support program, menus, foodservice personnel's knowledge level and perceived performance in foodservice management, and children's level of satisfaction for foodservice were analyzed before and after the support program. As a result of analysis of 222 and 210 menus of before and after the support program, respectively, the number of dishes per meal increased from five to six on average, and the proportion of meals including five food groups, which were grain, meat, vegetable, fruit, and milk and dairy product, rose from 2% to 24%. Foodservice personnel's knowledge level regarding foodservice management increased significantly (p = 0.007), however, their perceived performance in foodservice management did not show any significant changes. Children were more satisfied with 'food' (p = 0.001), 'sanitation' (p = 0.001), and 'environment' (p < 0.008) of foodservice in community child centers after the support program. In conclusion, the foodservice management support program focusing on menu management in this study was effective for improving menu quality of and children's satisfaction with foodservice in community child centers.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.610-632
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• 2024

Mobile Learning (M-learning) adoption and success in supporting students' learning engagement mainly depend on many factors. Therefore, this study systematically reviews the literature, synthesizes and analyzes the predictors of M-learning adoption, and uses success for students' learning engagement. Literature from 2016 to 2023 in various databases is covered in this study. Based on the review's findings, the factors that influence students' learning engagement when it comes to M-learning usage and adoption, can be divided into technical, pedagogical, and social factors. More specifically, technical factors include mobile devices availability and quality, connectivity to the internet, and user-friendly interfaces, pedagogical factors include effective instructional design, teaching methods, and assessment strategies, and social factors include motivation of students, social interaction and perceived enjoyment - all these factors have a significant impact on the M-learning adoption and use success. The findings of the review also indicated that M-learning has a key role in enhancing the learning engagement of students through different ways, like increasing their motivation, attention, and participation in their process of learning, paving the way for interaction and building relationships opportunities with peers and instructors, which in turn, can lead to strengthening the learning environment. The implications of these findings extend beyond immediate educational contexts, offering vital insights for future educational technology strategies and policy decisions, particularly in addressing global educational challenges and embracing technological advancements in learning.