• Mycobiology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.128-130
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• 2006

The solid waste of sago industry using cassava was fermented by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus and Rhizopus stolonifer in solid state fermentation. Cassava waste contained 52 per cent starch and 2.9 per cent protein by dry weight. The amylase activity was maintained at a high level and the highest amylase activity was observed on the $8^{th}$ day in R. stolonifer mediated fermentation. R. stolonifer was more efficient than Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus in bioconverting cassava waste into fungal protein (90.24 mg/g) by saccharifying 70% starch and releasing 44.5% reducing sugars in eight days of solid state fermentation.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 1998

The quality control literature contains a substantial number of articles concerned with how to optimally choose control limits in order to minimize production cost. The purpose of the this study is to determine the economic setting for the process mean of an industrial process. In this study it is assumed that the lower control limit is set by government regulations and the u, pp.r limit and process mean are chosen based on economic considerations. Much research has been conducted on this problem under the condition of the fixed rpm(rate per minute). However a variance can be increased in proportion to the level of rpm and the increase of the variance can change the optimal process mean. Therefore, it is desirable to determine both the process mean and the level of rpm simultaneously. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented which considers the u, pp.r limit and the rpm as variables.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.spc
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• pp.52-61
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• 2004

During the past decades automated storage/retrieval (AS/R) systems have been dominantly implemented in most industrial fields due to their handling efficiency and high utilization of storage space. Such AS/R systems consist of several modules each of which contains two racks and a S/R machine. This paper proposes a design of the hybrid AS/R module which can be adopted without too much initial expenditure by most of small-and-medium sized companies. The hybrid module consists of an AS/R module on the upper floor and a traditional warehouse module on the lower floor. For the AS/R module, analytical expressions of the expected travel times for the S/R machine and the elevator per operation are derived. The expected travel times represent the performance of the module and thus can be used for its economic design.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.768-777
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to minimize radiation exposure to the workers and public members during CT examination. The objects are seven of the CT rooms in university hospitals and four of the CT rooms in clinics located in Busan and Gyung-nam area. The places of measurement for radiation leakage are 1) 3 m above the ground of shielding wall in the control room 2) particular space in the control room 3) worker's gate in the control room 4) the patient gate. Its values were calculated maximum leakage radiation per week(MLRW). As a result, the worker's gate of M clinic displayed the highest dose. When it was calculated by MLRW in classic method, it showed 1) $5.97{\pm}0.23$, 2) $0.50{\pm}0.02$, 3) $10.00{\pm}0.11$, 4) $2.37{\pm}0.47$ mR/week. All of them did not exceed limit for maximum permissible dose per week(MPDW). However, When MLRW of M clinic was calculated by empirical method, its value displayed $118.31{\pm}17.72$ mR/week.(MPDW>100 mR/week). Radiation leakage influenced in the control room(p<0.05). Therefore, The way of calculating MLRW must be developed and shielding wall in control room is designed 3 m above the ground for reducing dangerous of leakage radiation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 1978

In order to understand the diets of Gwangju city resident, nutrition survey was carried out through four years from 1974 to 1977. 1. Average intake of nutritional elements for an adult per day was 580. 25gr in 1974, 583.62gr in 1975, 599.13gr in 1976, and 597.72gr in 1977. 2. Average calorie distribution of the nutritional elements per adult per day was 13.51% protein, 4.70% fat and 81.08% carbohydrate in 1974; 11.6% protein, 7.1% fat and 81.3% carbohydrate in 1975; 15.0% protein, 4.9% fat and 80.1 % carbohydrate in 1976; 13.79% protein, 4.3% fat, and 82% carbohydrate in 1977. 3. The ratio of the animal protein to total protein consumed was 20.01% in 1974, 25.89% in 1975, 26.01% in 1976, and 29.38% in 1977. 4. In aspect of calorie, taken-in calorie was 2456.91 cal in 1974, 2515.10 cal in 1975, 2544.58 cal in 1976, and 2519.08 cal in 1977. However most of calorie were lower than the R.D.A. (3000cal). 5. The amount of ingested protein was 78.18 gr in 1974, 87.61 gr in 1975, 89,93 gr in 1976, and 81.65gr in 1977. The amount was higher than the R.D.A. (80gr) except 1974’s protein amount. 6. As for fat consumption, it was 27.18 gr in 1974, 40.96gr in 1975, 29.61gr in 1976, and 25.64gr in 1977. But these values were much lower than the R.D.A. (40gr) except for 1975’s. 7. In aspect of the minerals (Fe, Ca), intake of Ca was 462.34mg in 1974, 400.07 mg in 1975, 488.14 mg in 1976 and 440.95mg in 1977. The consumption of Ca was lower than the R.D.A. (600mg). Fe was 10.27mg in 1974, 8.54mg in 1975, 11.36mg in 1976 and 20.84mg in 1977. Most of them were higher than the R.D.A. (10mg) except 1975. 8. It was found that thiamine and riboflavin were ingested slightly higher than the R.D.A. (1.4mg, vit. $B_1$, 1.6mg, vit. $B_2$). The amount of niacin and ascorbic acid were also higher than the R.D.A. except 15.41mg of niacin in 1975.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.8-12
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• 2005

Response in a modified reciprocal recurrent selection scheme for egg production was evaluated considering variable family sizes and genetic correlation between purebred and crossbred half sisters. The criteria of selection of purebred breeders included pullet's own performance, purebred full and half sisters and crossbred half sister's performance. Heritability of egg production of crossbreds (aggregate genotype) and purebred's was assumed to be 0.2 and genetic correlation between purebred and crossbred half sisters ($r_{pc}$) as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1.0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, -0.5 and -1.0. Number of dams per sire to produce purebred and crossbred progenies assumed to be 5, 6, 7, 8, while number of purebred female progeny ($N_p$) and crossbred progeny ($N_c$) per dam were considered to be 3, 4, 5 and 6 in each case. Considering phenotypic variance as unity, selection indices were constructed for different combinations of dams and progeny for each value of $r_{pc}$. Following selection index theory, response in crossbred and purebred for egg production was computed. Results indicated that response in crossbreds depended mainly on crossbred family size and also on magnitude of$r_{pc}$ irrespective of its direction, and response was greater with large crossbred family size than the purebred families. Correlated response in purebreds depends both on magnitude and direction of $r_{pc}$ and was expected to be greater with large purebred family size only. Inclusion of purebred information increased the accuracy of selection for crossbred response for higher magnitude of$r_{pc}$ irrespective of its direction. Present results indicate that desirable response in both crossbred and purebred performance is a function of $r_{pc}$ and family sizes. The ratio of crossbred and purebred family sizes can be optimized depending on the objective of improving the performance of crossbreds and/or of purebreds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.465-468
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• 1992

Urinary purine derivatives and creatinine excretion was measured in a total of 4 white Alpine sheep. They were given diets 718 to 1060 g/kg dry matter (DM) of roughage. The crude protein content of this diets was on average $93.87{\pm}5.57g$ in kg DM. Purine derivatives-N excretion increased linearly with incremental DM intake and was significantly correlated (n = 16) with amounts of digestible organic matter (DOM) intake: allantoin-N (mg) = 1.205 (${\pm}0.070$) $\times$ DOM (g) - 136.709 (${\pm}37.399$), r = 0.9770, RSD = 22.97; uricacid-N (mg) = 0.131 (${\pm}0.041$) $\times$ DOM (g) + 11.380 (${\pm}21.881$), r = 0.6306, RSD = 13.44; Hypoxanthine-N (mg) = 0.049 (${\pm}0.014$) $\times$ DOM (g) - 28.640 (${\pm}7.708$), r = 0.6544, RSD = 4.73; total purine derivatives-N (mg) = 1.385 (${\pm}0.083$) $\times$ DOM (g) - 90.261 (${\pm}44.552$), r = 0.9706, RSD = 27.47. Microbial protein synthesis per kg DOM was estimated of 113 g. The urinary creatinine-N excretion was on average 9.10 mg/kg live weight (LW) with a standard error of 0.12 mg creatinine-N per kg LW. The excretion of creatinine excreton was not related to feed intake. Daily creatinine excretion (mg/d) was calculated from individual LW measurements and the average creatinine excretion (mg/kg LW). It was possible to predict the daily urinary purine derivatives excretion (r = 0.9720 for allantoin, r = 0.9886 for total purine derivatives) from the ratio of purine derivatives (mg/100 ml) and creatinine (mg/100 ml) in the urine and the daily creatinine excretion.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2015

This study was carried out to develop control thresholds for anthracnose on red pepper. To investigate relationship between anthracnose incidence and diseased fruits, experimental plots with six treatments were established. There existed close correlation between rate of diseased fruits and yields in field (Y = -16.83X + 327.57, $R^2=0.83$), in rain shelter (Y = -4.92X + 361.02, $R^2=0.84$), and in rain shelter with rain (Y = -5.91X + 359.71, $R^2=0.76$). Control thresholds for anthracnose of pepper were 0.9% diseased fruits per plant in field and from 1.7 to 2.3% diseased fruits rate per plant in rain shelter.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.360-365
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• 2004

Rehmannia glutinosa shows a high level of resistance to the non-selective herbicide paraquat. To characterize the antioxidant enzyme system of R. glutinosa, we comparatively examined the responses of antioxidant enzymes to UV, wounding and a general elicitor yeast extract in R. glutinosa and soybean. The levels of enzyme activities of the two plant species were drastically different between those per fresh weight (general activity) and per protein (specific activity) bases. The general activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR) were lower, but that of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was higher in R. glutinosa than in soybean. The specific activities of the enzymes, however, were about two- to seven-fold higher in R. glutinosa than in soybean, except that of CAT, which was about 12-fold higher in soybean. The general and specific enzyme activities of R. glutinosa relative to those of soybean showed a consistent increase in responses to the stresses only in SOD. The specific activities of SOD and APX were higher in R. glutinosa in all stress treatments. The results might suggest a relatively higher contribution of SOD and APX to the stress tolerance.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.66-78
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• 1995

The purposes of this study were to a) analyze the dietitian's job as a foodservice manager in employee foodservice, b) examine the performance and importance levels of management activities, c) determine factors affecting performance and importance levels of management activities. A job analysis questionnaires were developed and mailed to 65 dietitians who were members of The Korean Dietetic Association Practice Group, members with management responsibilities in employee foodservices. Completed questionnaires were received from 32 dietitians for a response rate of 49%. The questionnaire contained two parts with a total of 99 statements. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS programs for descriptive analysis, Wilcoxon signed ranks test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and pearson correlation. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The average score of performance and importance levels on management activities were 3.11, 3.99 respectively. And they were significantly different(p<0.001). 2. The performance level was significantly correlated to working hours per week(r= .6598, p<.01), number of meals(r=.3934, p<.05) and foodcost(r=.5208, p<.05). 3. The importance level on management activities was significantly correlated to working hours per week(r=.6214, p<.05), number of meals(r= .4161, p<.05) and foodcost (r =.6920, p<.01).