• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2016

The efficacy of plant breeding has been enhanced by application of molecular markers in population screening and selection. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a major staple crop that is economically important with worldwide distribution. It is valued for its spicy taste and medicinal effect. The aim of this study was to discover single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), microsatellite markers information, and percentage sharing through orthologous analysis of pepper-specific pungency-related genes. Here, we report the results of transcriptome analysis and microsatellite markers for four pepper varieties that possess a pungency-related gene. Orthologous analyses was performed to identify species-specific pungency-related genes in pepper, Arabidopsis thaliana L., potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Advancements in next-generation sequencing technologies enabled us to quickly and cost-effectively assemble and characterize genes to select molecular markers in various organisms, including pepper. We identified a total of 9762, 7302, 8596, and 6886 SNPs for the four pepper cultivars Blackcluster, Mandarine, Saengryeg 211, and Saengryeg 213, respectively. We used 454 GS-FLX pyrosequencing to identify microsatellite markers and tri-nucleotide repeats (54.4%), the most common repeats, followed by di-, hexa-, tetra-, and penta-nucleotide repeats. A total of 5156 (15.9%) pepper-specific pungency-related genes were discovered as a result of orthologous analysis.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2012

In this study, the changes in the quality characteristics of $Kimchi$ added with fresh red pepper ($Capsicum$ $annuum$ L.) was investigated during 5 months of fermentation at $2^{\circ}C$. The moisture content of $Kimchi$ increased with an increase in the amount of added fresh red pepper, whereas the crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash content decreased. The initial pH and total acidity of $Kimchi$ containing the fresh red pepper showed ranged from 4.96-5.36 and 0.27-0.33%, respectively. The pH and total acidity rapidly changed within a range of 4.27-4.37 and 0.53-0.55%, respectively, up to 2 months. The fructose and glucose content slowly changed up to 2 months and 3 months, respectively, and then gradually decreased afterwards. The total bacterial and lactic acid bacterial counts of $Kimchi$ containing the fresh red pepper gradually increased up to 2 months and 3 months, respectively, and then decreased thereafter. In addition, there was no difference between the $Kimchi$ containing the fresh red pepper and the control in the sensory evaluation.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.646-655
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• 2022

Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), one of the most prevalent viruses in chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a non-enveloped, rod-shaped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus classified in the genus Tobamovirus. The supernatants of five bacterial cultures (Pseudomonas putida [PP], Bacillus licheniformis [BLI], P. fluorescens [PF], Serratia marcescens [SER], and B. amyloliquifaciens [BA]) were analyzed to find novel antiviral agents to PMMoV in chili pepper. Foliar spraying with supernatants (1:1, v/v) obtained from Luria-Bertani broth cultures of PP, BLI, PF, SER, and BA inhibited PMMoV infection of chili pepper if applied before the PMMoV inoculation. Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that treatments of five supernatants resulted in 51-66% reductions in PMMoV accumulation in the treated chili pepper. To identify key compounds in supernatants of PP, BLI, PF, SER, and BA, the supernatants were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The 24 different types of compounds were identified from the supernatants of PP, BLI, PF, SER, and BA. The compounds vary from supernatants of one bacterial culture to another which includes simple compounds-alkanes, ketones, alcohols, and an aromatic ring containing compounds. The compounds triggered the inhibitory effect on PMMoV propagation in chili pepper plants. In conclusion, the cultures could be used to further conduct tissue culture and field trial experiments as potential bio-control agents.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2014

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most important viral diseases in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), and several genes for resistance were reported in Capsicum spp. In Korea, a single dominant gene that is resistant to $CMV_{Fny}$ and $CMV_{P0}$ has been used for breeding. Recently, a new strain ($CMV_{P1}$) was reported that could infect cultivars resistant to both $CMV_{Fny}$ and $CMV_{P0}$. Therefore, breeding of more robust CMV-resistant cultivars is required. In this study, we surveyed the inheritance of $CMV_{P1}$ resistance and analyzed the location of the resistance loci. After $CMV_{P1}$ inoculation of various germplasms and breeding lines, one accession (ICPN18-8) showed no visual symptoms at 15 dpi (days post inoculation) but was susceptible after 45 dpi, and one resistant line (I7339) showed resistance until at 45 dpi. The latter line was used for tests of resistance inheritance. A total of 189 $F_2$ plants were examined, with 42 individuals showing resistance at 15 dpi and a phenotype segregation ratio close to 1:3 (resistant:susceptible plants). In a lateral ELISA test at 45 dpi, 11 plants showed resistance, and the segregation ratio was changed to 1:15. These results indicate that resistance in C. annuum 'I7339' is controlled by two different recessive genes; we named these resistance genes 'cmr3E' and 'cmr3L,' respectively. To locate these two resistant loci in the pepper linkage map, various RAPD, SSR, and STS markers were screened; only nine markers were grouped into one linkage group (LG). Only one RAPD primer (OPAT16) was distantly linked with cmr3E (22.3 cM) and cmr3L (20.7 cM). To develop more accurate markers for marker-assisted breeding, enriching for molecular markers spanning two loci will be required.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.49-52
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• 1999

고추 (Capsicum annuum L.)의 일대잡종을 이용하여 모본의 유전자형 및 생태형이 약배양 효율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 모본의 유전자형에 따라 약배양 효율에 차이를 보였다. 또한 약배양 효율은 모본으로 배 발생률이 낮은 계통보다 높은 계통을 사용한 교배조합에서 높아 약배양 효율에 세포질 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 생태형에 따른 배 발생 효율은 재래종$\times$피망 교배조합에서 배 발생률이 17.8~46.1%로 가장 높았고, 피망$\times$재래종 조합은 5.4~8.5%의 배발생률을 보여 가장 낮았다. 재래종 $\times$남방계, 남방계 $\times$재래종, 남방계 $\times$피망, 피망 $\times$남방계 교배조합의 배 발생률은 10.5～23.1%로 비교적 중간값을 보였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.229-240
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phosphorus acid (H₃PO₃) addition to the horticultural bed soil on the initial growth of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv.), and kimchi cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr. cv.). The stem heights of red pepper and cucumber were 46.1% and 23.0% greater in the 50 mg/L of phosphorus acid treatment than the untreated (control). Further, the stem diameter of pepper and cucumber were 48.7% and 23.0% greater in the 50 mg/L of phosphorus acid treatment than the control. In addition, the number of kimchi cabbage leaves was 47.5% greater in the 50 mg/L of phosphorus acid treatment than the control. The dry weights of red pepper, cucumber and kimchi cabbage were 72.9%, 16.5%, and 30.4% heavier in the 50 mg/L than the control, respectively. Cations (K, Ca, and Mg) and total phosphorus (T - P) were quantitatively analyzed for these three horticultural crops. The concentrations of K, Ca, and Mg, and T - P were higher in the 50 mg/L of phosphorus acid than the control, respectively. Based on the results obtained in this study, it appears that treatment of phosphorus acid in horticultural bed soil enhanced the growth of red pepper, cucumber and Kimchi cabbage.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2009

적심 및 rootone 처리가 고추 10품종의 발근력에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 모두 정상적으로 발근되었으나 품종간에 큰 차이를 보였다. 즉 'Gukbo'와 'Chungyang' 등은 발근력이 낮은 반면, 대목 이용 가능성이 높은 'Geumsang' 등은 매우 높았다. 발근촉진제 rootone 처리는 모든 품종의 발근을 현저히 증가시켜 높은 실용성을 보여주었다. 또한 적심에 따른 발근 지연 현상은 rootone 처리로 거의 완벽하게 보완될 수 있었다. 선발된 대목 10품종과 접수 3품종을 적심과 IBA 단용 또는 병행처리 후 발근력을 검토한 결과, 대목 중에서는 'Tantan'이 가장 높았고, 'Konesian Hot'과 'Wonkwang 1호'도 높았다. 또한 공시된 10개 대목은 대면적에 일반재배 되는 품종인 'Manita', 'Chungyang', 'Nokkwang'보다 발근력이 높았다. IBA 처리는 발근력을 다소 향상시켰으나 rootone 처리에 비해 효과가 뚜렷하지 않았다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2011

In order to exploit Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 as of plant growth promoting agent, different inoculation methods have been evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate soil, foliar, and soil+foliar inoculations of M. oryzae CBMB20 to improve the growth, fruit yield, and nutrient uptake of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under greenhouse conditions. The population range of green fluorescent protein (gfp)-tagged M. oryzae CBMB20 using the three inoculation methods was 2.5-2.9 ${\log}_{10}$ cfu/g in the rhizosphere and 4.5-6.0 ${\log}_{10}$ cfu/g in the phyllosphere of red pepper plants. Confocal laser scanning microscopy results confirmed the colonization of M. oryzae CBMB20 endophytically on leaf surface. Plant height, fruit dry weight, and total biomass were significantly higher ($p{\leq}0.05$) in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods as compared to non-inoculated control. Furthermore, uptake of mineral nutrients such as N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in red pepper plants in all M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation methods was higher than in non-inoculated control. Comparative results of inoculation methods clearly demonstrated that soil+foliar inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20 lead to the highest biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake which may be due to its efficient colonization in the red pepper rhizosphere and phyllosphere.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.400-406
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• 2008

To examine the relationship between plant hormones and the development of pepper anthracnose, we investigated the effects of several plant hormones on the progression of disease symptoms. Of the five plant hormones examined, abscisic acid (ABA) increased the lesion length and disease incidence on detached fruits of Capsicum annuum cv. Nokkwang. The simultaneous application of ABA with inoculation of Colletotrichum acutatum JC24 resulted in increased lesion length, depending the concentration of ABA applied. Additionally, application of ABA caused the development of pepper anthracnose in fruits of Capsicum baccatum cvs. PBC80 and PBC81, which were previously resistant to the disease. Furthermore, ABA administration rendered increased pathogenicity of other isolates of C. acutatum BAC02063, PECH10, and TCBNU3 obtained from the Chinese matrimony vine, peach, and tea tree, respectively. Our data suggest that exogenous ABA may result in the suppression of defense mechanisms of pepper fruits against anthracnose, which leads to a change in the susceptibility of pepper fruits and the development of pepper anthracnose.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1972

A total of 163 virus infected pepper plants(Capsicum annuum L.) collected from various pepper growing regions in Korea were investigated on the presence of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus X(PVX), potato virus Y(PVY) and alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) by serological methods. Van Slogteren's microprecipitin test was applied for the testing of TMV, PVX and PVY from infected plants, and Ouchterlony agar double diffusion test was used for CMV and AMV. Results obtained are as follows: 1. TMV, CMV, PVX, PVY and AMV were found to occur on the pepper plants growing in Korea. 2. The prevalence of each of these viruses among the 163 pepper plants investigated was in the order of CMV: 93 plants(57.0%)>TMV: 91 plants (55.8%)>AMV: 58 plants (35.6%)>PVY: 40 plants (24.5%)> PVX:6 plants(3.7%). 3. Among the 163 plants investigated, 72 plants (44%) showed infection with one kind of virus and 91 plants (56%) showed mixed infection with more than two different viruses. In general, heavier damage of the plants was observed from mixed infection. 4. The results of serological identification of pepper viruses coincided with those results obtained by sap inoculation experiment conducted at the Horticultural Experiment Station along with present investigation. Thus the serological techniques applied in this experiment proved to be very reliable for the identification of TMV, CMV, PVX, PVY and AMV from pepper plants infected with these viruses.