• 수산경영론집
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2016

This study aims to analyze effectiveness of the resource use under the total allowable catch system (TACs) of Comb pen shell, a species among TAC targeting ones through its stock assessment based on the surplus production model such as the Clark Yoshimoto Pooley (CYP) model. Particularly, this study is separated into five analysis periods in order to understand changes in Comb pen shell resource and its efficient use after TAC system implemented in 2001. The results of this study are as follows. First, five sustainable yield curves (SYCs) and exponential growth functions (EGFs) produced by the surplus production model based on Gompertz growth function to compare before and after implementation of the Korean TAC system show that the TAC system has generated a positive stock rebuilding effect for Comb pen shell caught by the diver fishery since 2001. Secondly, five profits based on differences between the sustainable total revenue (STR) and the total cost (TC) with respect to fishing efforts present that the TAC system has increased efficiency of resource use of Comb pen shell caught by the diver fishery after implementation of the Korean TAC system. In conclusion, the Korean TAC system has increased efficiency of resource use as well as has led a positive stock rebuilding effect for Comb pen shell.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.25.4-25
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• 2001

In this paper, a five degree-of-freedom haptic device is proposed. The proposed haptic device has a pen which is suspended by tensioned six strings. Human operator handles the pen. Six DC motors are used as actuators to generate tensions in six strings to make resultant force feedback at the pen to the human operator Six encoders are used for calculating the movement of the pen. A digital controller is used for generate control signals for the suitable tension in the six strings. A current amplifiers is used for amplifying the control signals. Cable-suspended system has advantages of structure simplicity (only with several strings driven by motors without using other tensioning mechanisms), low inertia, and high force-to-weight ratio. Pen-based system has advantages of compactness and ...

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

In the construction industry, IT based information system has been diversely applied to increase productivity. Although IT device such as PDA, RFID, Barcode, wireless network and web camera has been introduced to gather information in construction site, the effect of the IT device is limited, because of bringing about additional works of engineer. In this paper, we proposed a defect management system which is based on handwritten document digitalization framework for introducing applicability of new IT device, digital pen. By the proposed system, we can effectively gather and input defect information to defect management system by using digital pen and paper like conventional way. Applying the data gathering device, digital pen to defect management, it is able to increase productivity by improving work process, building up and utilizing defect information database of good quality.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.713-720
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• 2017

We present a non-photo realistic pen-ink drawing method for outlining and shading of the input image. Especially, we focus on the detailed illustration of the image of which stroke's direction is important. The pen-ink renderer is an alternative display models user can generate traditional illustration renderings of their photo realistic image. The previously proposed pen drawing methods produce feasible description in general image but it is difficult to express in detail for the sophisticated images that need to consider the direction of stroke for each image region. In order to overcome the disadvantages of the conventional method, a direction vector is extracted from a tensor field and we determine a stroke's direction in consideration of not only an edge area but also a gradient of a surrounding area in the image. For more detailed description for the sophisticated image, we generate white noises based on the light and shade of the input image and determine the direction and length of the stroke by using the tensor field for each generated white noise. The proposed method works particularly well for traditional architectural images where the direction and detailed description of the pen is important.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2006

Organic and inorganic hybrid nanocomposites based on poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) and silica nanoparticles were prepared by a melt blending process. In particular, polymer nanocomposites consisting mostly of cheap conventional polyesters with very small quantities of inorganic nanoparticles are of great interest from an industrial perspective. The crystallization behavior of PEN/silica hybrid nanocomposites depended significantly on silica content and crystallization temperature. The activation energy of crystallization for PEN/silica hybrid nanocomposites was decreased by incorporating a small quantity of silica nanoparticles. Double melting behavior was observed in PEN/silica hybrid nanocomposites, and the equilibrium melting temperature decreased with increasing silica content. The fold surface free energy of PEN/silica hybrid nanocomposites decreased with increasing silica content. The work of chain folding (q) for PEN was estimated as $7.28{\times}10^{-20}J$ per molecular chain fold, while the q values for the PEN/silica 0.9 hybrid nanocomposite was $3.71{\times}10^{-20}J$, implying that the incorporation of silica nanoparticles lowers the work required to fold the polymer chains.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2011

Phenological variables derived from remote sensing are useful in determining the seasonal cycles of ecosystems in a changing climate. Satellite remote sensing imagery is useful for the spatial continuous monitoring of vegetation phenology across broad regions; however, its applications are substantially constrained by atmospheric disturbances such as clouds, dusts, and aerosols. By way of contrast, a tower-based ground remote sensing approach at the canopy level can provide continuous information on canopy phenology at finer spatial and temporal scales, regardless of atmospheric conditions. In this study, a tower-based ground remote sensing system, called the "Phenological Eyes Network (PEN)", which was installed at the Gwangneung Deciduous KoFlux (GDK) flux tower site in Korea was introduced, and daily phenological progressions at the canopy level were assessed using ratios of red, green, and blue (RGB) spectral reflectances obtained by the PEN system. The PEN system at the GDK site consists of an automatic-capturing digital fisheye camera and a hemi-spherical spectroradiometer, and monitors stand canopy phenology on an hourly basis. RGB data analyses conducted between late March and early December in 2009 revealed that the 2G_RB (i.e., 2G - R - B) index was lower than the G/R (i.e., G divided by R) index during the off-growing season, owing to the effects of surface reflectance, including soil and snow effects. The results of comparisons between the daily PEN-obtained RGB ratios and daily moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS)-driven vegetation indices demonstrate that ground remote sensing data, including the PEN data, can help to improve cloud-contaminated satellite remote sensing imagery.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2016

Pen-based interaction is universally available on smart devices and especially on Tablet PCs. Previous studies compared various input methods like fingers, a mouse or a stylus pen on PCs or on a touchscreen based devices such as smart phones. At the same time, various soft keyboard applications are being developed on application stores of smart devices. However, these previous studies did not suggest which one is a suitable keyboard application for Tablet PCs when users perform a certain interaction as input type. In this study, we compared two types of input methods (finger and pen) and three types of soft keyboard applications (QWERTY, Gesture and Swype) in a Tablet PC using performance measurements (accuracy and input speed) and discussed what types of applications showed better performance with each interaction on tablet PC. From these results, recommendations for the keyboard types depending on the input methods on tablet PCs were developed.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.1054-1061
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• 2003

전자 잉크 데이터는 스타일러스 펜을 주된 입력 도구로 사용하는 PDA 등과 같은 펜 기반 컴퓨터의 개발로 출현한 멀티미디어 데이터이다. 최근 들어 펜 기반 모바일 컴퓨터의 발전과 보급은 전자 잉크 데이터 처리 기술에 대한 필요성을 증가시키고 있다. 본 논문에서는 펜 제스쳐 (pen gesture)를 허용하는 전자 잉크 에디터개발에 필요한 기술들을 연구하였다. 제스쳐와 잉크 데이터는 펜 기반 사용자 인터페이스의 가장 큰 특징중 하나이지만 아직 충분한 연구가 되지 않았다. 본 논문에서는 펜 제스쳐 구분을 위한 새로운 제스쳐 인식 알고리즘과 제스쳐 명령을 수행하기 위한 잉크 데이터의 분할 방법이 제안되었으며 제안된 방법들을 이용하여 제스쳐를 허용하는 전자 잉크 에디터 GesEdit를 개발하였다. 제스쳐 인식 알고리즘은 입력된 획의 여덟 가지 특징에 기반하고 있으며 전자 잉크 데이터를 GC(Gesture Components) 단위로 분할하는 방법은 볼록껍질(convex hull)과 입력 시간을 사용하였다. 열 명의 피실험자에 의해 수행된 다양한 실험 결과 아흡 가지 제스쳐들은 평균 99.6%의 인식률을 보여 주었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.651-656
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• 2012

A study on capacitive characteristics of stylus pen for touch panel are progressed in this paper. Also the main factors for capacitive sensitivity are studied. Namely, highly sensitive stylus pen which can be applied to capacitive touch panel are studied based on the analysis of materials and process conditions regardless of pattern shapes. Stylus pen was made of PDMS(Poly-Di-Methyl-Siloxane) and conductive metal powders which does not damage the touch panel surface. We tried to get the advantages of both the properties of soft PDMS and conductive metal powders. We found that potential difference of capacitance change with conductivity of the composite materials(PDMS + metal powders) it implies that during touch process, large voltage difference can be caused by the high conductive materials of stylus pen. Stylus pen made by PDMS with mixed with Ag powders which has large conductivity shows more capacitance change of 1 pF than PDMS with other materials of Ni or C powders.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.161-168
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• 2019

전자펜의 소비자 활용도 및 제품 개선점 분석을 위해 Davies(1989)의 TAM 모형을 적용하여 전자펜 사용자들의 지각된 유용성, 이용용이성 및 기대가치를 통한 기술수용의도를 분석하였다. 연구방법으로 기업 설문내용에 기반 한 내용분석법과 고객들의 참여도인 Activity 분석을 통해 전자펜 제품의 기술수용정도와 제품 전략의 개선점을 도출하였다. 연구결과 전자펜의 활용도를 보인 고객들은 30~49세의 남성과 사무직과 연구원으로 나타났으며, 개선사항에 대한 키워드 중심의 내용분석법의 분석결과 전원동작의 개선, App 연계 펜 기능의 확장성, 전자펜의 수정기능, 펜의 데이터인식 기능, 전자펜이 펜으로서의 필기감, 그립감, 펜 굵기 선택 등 세분화 기능의 개선, 타 스마트 기기와의 동기화 개선과 충전기능의 개선 필요성이 추출되었다. 본 연구는 전자펜에 TAM을 적용하여 전자펜이 초기시장에서 주류시장으로 확산되기 위한 제품속성 개선점을 제시하였고 향후 스마트폰이나 아이패드 등 스마트 디바이스와 연계된 전자펜 제품 확산과의 차이점 규명 통해 차별화 된 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.