• Title/Summary/Keyword: Peak load

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A1gorithm Embodiment for Automatic Pump Operation Pattern (원격지 수도시설 펌프운영 패턴의 자동화 알고리즘 구현)

  • Byun, Doo-Gyoon;Yoon, Young-Hwan
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2003.07d
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    • pp.2474-2476
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    • 2003
  • An algorithm was embodied to automatic pump operation Pattern for remote control located in 60 km far. This automation pattern included least cost operation, peak load time response, pump operation time balancing etc. It was programmed four kind of operation mode as following; normal operation nude, before peak load time nude, peak load time operation, after peak load time operation.

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Particle Swarm Optimization-Based Peak Shaving Scheme Using ESS for Reducing Electricity Tariff (전기요금 절감용 ESS를 활용한 Particle Swarm Optimization 기반 Peak Shaving 제어 방법)

  • Park, Myoung Woo;Kang, Moses;Yun, YongWoon;Hong, Seonri;BAE, KUK YEOL;Baek, Jongbok
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.388-398
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    • 2021
  • This paper proposes a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based peak shaving scheme using energy storage system (ESS) for electricity tariff reduction. The proposed scheme compares the actual load with the estimated load consumption, calculates the additional output power that the ESS needs to discharge additionally to reduce peak load, and adds the input. In addition, in order to compensate for the additional power, the process of allocating power to the determined point is performed, and an optimization that minimizes the average of the load expected at the active power allocations using PSO so that the allocated value does not affect the peak load. To investigated the performance of the proposed scheme, case study of small and large load prediction errors was conducted by reflecting actual load data and load prediction algorithm. As a result, when the proposed scheme is performed with the ESS charge and discharge control to reduce electricity tariff, even when the load prediction error is large, the peak load is successfully reduced, and the peak load reduction effect of 17.8% and electricity tariff reduction effect of 6.02% is shown.

Capacity Determination of ESS for Peak Load Shaving Based on the Actual Measurement of Loads in the Substation of Urban Railway (도시철도 실측 부하에 기반한 첨두부하 절감용 ESS 용량 산정)

  • Park, Jong-Young;Jung, Hosung;Kim, Hyungchul;Shin, Seungkwon
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.63 no.6
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    • pp.860-865
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    • 2014
  • This paper proposes the method for determination of the capacities of ESS (Energy Storage System) and PCS (Power Conditioning System) for the peak load shaving based on the load data in the substation of urban railway. In addition, this paper analyze the actual measurement of loads in the substation of urban railway. The load of a weekday in the substation of urban railway is high around rush hours in the morning and evening, which is different from that of a normal substation. The required capacities of ESS and PCS become larger as the amount of peak load shaving is higher, and are affected from the patterns of daily load in the substation.

Daily Electric Load Forecasting Based on RBF Neural Network Models

  • Hwang, Heesoo
    • International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.39-49
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    • 2013
  • This paper presents a method of improving the performance of a day-ahead 24-h load curve and peak load forecasting. The next-day load curve is forecasted using radial basis function (RBF) neural network models built using the best design parameters. To improve the forecasting accuracy, the load curve forecasted using the RBF network models is corrected by the weighted sum of both the error of the current prediction and the change in the errors between the current and the previous prediction. The optimal weights (called "gains" in the error correction) are identified by differential evolution. The peak load forecasted by the RBF network models is also corrected by combining the load curve outputs of the RBF models by linear addition with 24 coefficients. The optimal coefficients for reducing both the forecasting mean absolute percent error (MAPE) and the sum of errors are also identified using differential evolution. The proposed models are trained and tested using four years of hourly load data obtained from the Korea Power Exchange. Simulation results reveal satisfactory forecasts: 1.230% MAPE for daily peak load and 1.128% MAPE for daily load curve.

Economic Assessment of ESS for Peak Load Shaving in the Substation of Urban Railway (도시철도 변전소에 설치한 첨두부하 절감용 ESS의 경제성 분석)

  • Park, Jong-Young;Shin, Seungkwon;Kim, Hyungchul;Jung, Hosung
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.63 no.12
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    • pp.1752-1758
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    • 2014
  • This paper evaluates economic benefits of ESS (Energy Storage System) for peak load shaving in the substation of urban railway. For this purpose, the method to determine capacities of ESS and PCS (Power Conditioning System) for peak load shaving is proposed. Then the economic benefits of those devices are evaluated using net present value method. The proposed methods are applied to actual measurements of loads in the substation of urban railway. The results show that electric power costs can be reduced and the economic benefits of ESS for peak load shaving mainly depends on the price of battery.

The Study on the Field test and Operational Method of a Direct Load Control System for Air conditioner (에어컨부하 직접제어시스템 실증시험 및 운용방안에 관한 연구)

  • Gang, Won-Gu;Kim, Chung-Hwan;Kim, Myong-Soo
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2000.07d
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    • pp.2825-2827
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    • 2000
  • In electric power industry. load balance has been one of the most fundamental and important management goals. Therefore. the strategy to achieve high quality load management now includes load balance besides the stabilization of electricity supply and quality management of electricity. Amongst many techniques of load management. direct load management has been actively studied and utilized to increase power facility and peak load suppression. Higher peak load situation is appeared during summer than during winter in Korea. and approximately 20% of the peak load is due to the load for air-conditioning. To cope with this peak load problem during summer KEPCO is performing a research project to develop a system to remotely control air-conditioning load using wireless communication. Currently, applicable facilities are limited to small-scale air-conditioning facility that has less than 2KW power capacity. This paper described the 1st year of efforts made in the study.

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탄소섬유 복합재료 사각튜브의 압추에너지 흡수 특성

  • Han, Chang-Whan;Kim, Keun-Taek;Lee, Jong-Won;Choi, Youn-Ho
    • Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.19-31
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    • 2002
  • Crush energy characteristics of graphite/epoxy square tubes are experimentally studied. Effect of the ply orientation on the peak load and the average load is investigated by applying compressive load on the top of the composite square tubes under the stroke control with crosshead speed of 0.003mm/sec and 0.3mm/sec. in addition to the experimental survey, the finite element analysis is used to estimate the peak load of the composite square tubes with [0/90]₄ and [0/±45/90]₂. The first buckling mode of the tube is superimposed to the perfect geometry and the distributed compressive load is applied on the top of the tubes. The applied compressive load that make Tsai-Wu criteria equal to one is regarded as the peak load of the tubes. The experimental data shows that the square tube with [45/-45]₄ has the highest peak load and the square tube with [60/-60]₄ has the average sustained load. The measure peak load of the composite tubes with [0/90]₄ and [0/±45/90]₂agree well with the estimated peak load using the finite element analysis.

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Estimating peak wind load effects in guyed masts

  • Sparling, B.F.;Wegner, L.D.
    • Wind and Structures
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.347-366
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    • 2007
  • Guyed masts subjected to turbulent winds exhibit complex vibrations featuring many vibration modes, each of which contributes to various structural responses in differing degrees. This dynamic behaviour is further complicated by nonlinear guy cable properties. While previous studies have indicated that conventional frequency domain methods can reliably reproduce load effects within the mast, the system linearization required to perform such an analysis makes it difficult to relate these results directly to corresponding guy forces. As a result, the estimation of peak load effects arising jointly from the structural action of the mast and guys, such as leg loads produced as a result of guy reactions and mast bending moments, is uncertain. A numerical study was therefore undertaken to study peak load effects in a 295 m tall guyed mast acted on by simulated turbulent wind. Responses calculated explicitly from nonlinear time domain finite element analyses were compared with approximate methods in the frequency domain for estimating peak values of selected responses, including guy tension, mast axial loads and mast leg loads. It was found that these peak dynamic load effects could be accurately estimated from frequency domain analysis results by employing simple, slightly conservative assumptions regarding the correlation of related effects.

Study of Peak Load Demand Estimation Methodology by Pearson Correlation Analysis with Macro-economic Indices and Power Generation Considering Power Supply Interruption

  • Song, Jiyoung;Lee, Jaegul;Kim, Taekyun;Yoon, Yongbeum
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.1427-1434
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    • 2017
  • Since the late 2000s, there has been growing preparation in South Korea for a sudden reunification of South and North Korea. Particularly in the power industry field, thorough preparations for the construction of a power infrastructure after reunification are necessary. The first step is to estimate the peak load demand. In this paper, we suggest a new peak demand estimation methodology by integrating existing correlation analysis methods between economic indicators and power generation quantities with a power supply interruption model in consideration of power consumption patterns. Through this, the potential peak demand and actual peak demand of the Nation, which experiences power supply interruption can be estimated. For case studies on North Korea after reunification, the potential peak demand in 2015 was estimated at 5,189 MW, while the actual peak demand within the same year was recorded as 2,461 MW. The estimated potential peak demand can be utilized as an important factor when planning the construction of power system facilities in preparation for reunification.

Real-Time Peak Shaving Algorithm Using Fuzzy Wind Power Generation Curves for Large-Scale Battery Energy Storage Systems

  • Son, Subin;Song, Hwachang
    • International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.305-312
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    • 2014
  • This paper discusses real-time peak shaving algorithms for a large-scale battery energy storage system (BESS). Although several transmission and distribution functions could be implemented for diverse purposes in BESS applications, this paper focuses on a real-time peak shaving algorithm for an energy time shift, considering wind power generation. In a high wind penetration environment, the effective load levels obtained by subtracting the wind generation from the load time series at each long-term cycle time unit are needed for efficient peak shaving. However, errors can exist in the forecast load and wind generation levels, and the real-time peak shaving operation might require a method for wind generation that includes comparatively large forecasting errors. To effectively deal with the errors of wind generation forecasting, this paper proposes a real-time peak shaving algorithm for threshold value-based peak shaving that considers fuzzy wind power generation.