• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.278-287
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• 2017

In this study, lignin was efficiently degraded via two-step catalytic cracking process and lignin-oil, char, and gas was produced as lignin degraded products. Three kinds of catalysts (MgO, CaO, and Pt/C) were used in first catalytic cracking step and the highest lignin-oil yield (76.2 wt%) was obtained in Pt/C catalyst with the smallest char formation (4.1 wt%). GC-MS/FID analysis revealed that 18 kinds of monomeric phenols existed in lignin-oil and sum of them was the highest in Pt/C condition (97.8 mg/g lignin). Meanwhile, relatively lower yield of monomeric phenols was produced in MgO and CaO condition because of their absorption on catalysts. Lignin-oil produced over Pt/C was introduced to second catalytic cracking process with porous Pd/activated carbon aerogel catalyst. From this process, four kinds of monomeric phenols such as 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-propylguaiacol, 4-ethylsyringol, 4-propylsyringol were selectively produced at 0.89 - 1.82 wt% level.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.263-269
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• 2002

After porous filters were manufactured using cordierite powder whose mean particle size was 200 ${\mu}m$, they were loaded with catalysts such as Pt, Pd, Cu, Co, La, $V_2O_5$ by vacuum impregnation method. And we investigated the activity of catalysts used for catalytic oxidation of VOC by passing toluene through catalyst-loaded filters. The porous filters had the apparent porosity of 62%, the compressive strength of about 10 MPa and the pressure drop of 15 mmHg at the face velocity of 5 cm/sec. The loading of catalyst decreased the porosity of the filters and increased the pressure drop and the compressive strength of them. Among the catalysts, Pt had the highest activity for catalytic oxidation and could remove more than 90% of toluene at 250 $^{\circ}C$. Below 250 $^{\circ}C$, the content of Pt catalyst had an influence on the conversion of toluene but didn't show any influence above 250 $^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.49-50
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• 1994

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.473-479
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• 2017

Due to environmental pollution, hazards of the human body, and global warning, changes in the power train of automobiles are intensifying, and the market forelectronic vehicles is rising. Also, in order to meet the stricter emission regulations forautomobiles with internal combustion engines based on fossil fuel, the proportion of after-treatments for vehicles and vessels is increasing gradually. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectsfrom additive ceric oxide ($CeO_2$) loading amounts to improve the methane ($CH_4$) and nitric oxide (NOx) abatement ability of the natural gas oxidation catalysts(NGOC) reducing toxic gases emitted from compressed natural gas (CNG) buses. Three kinds of NGOC were prepared under the following conditions: fresh and $700^{\circ}C$ for 12hr thermal aging, and the reduction performance of toxic gases was evaluated. Fresh $1Pt-3Pd-1Rh-3MgO-6CeO_2/(Al+Z)$ NGOC containing 6wt% $CeO_2$ had the highest dispersivity of palladium (Pd) with high selectivity to $CH_4$ and improved harmful gas reduction performance. The NGOC with 6wt% $CeO_2$ loaded the least decreased in the dispersivity of the noble metal, and showed the highest reduction of harmful gases due to the thermal durability of $CeO_2$.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.663-670
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• 2004

The catalytic oxidation of benzene, toluene and xylene over a spent industrial catalyst (Pd-based) was investigated in a fixed bed flow reactor system. According to the priming condition, the properties of a spent Pd-based catalyst were characterized by XRD(X-ray diffraction). BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) and ICP(Inductively coupled plasma). When air was used as a primer, optimum priming temperature was found to be 200$^{\circ}C$, and the catalytic activity decreased as the priming temperature increased. When a spent Pd-based catalyst primed with air at 200$^{\circ}C$ was re-treated with hydrogen at 200$^{\circ}C$, 300$^{\circ}C$ or 400$^{\circ}C$, respectively, the catalytic activity increased and thermal effect were negligible. $HNO_3$ aqueous solution priming resulted in slight decrease of the catalytic activity, with little effects on $HNO_3$ concentrations. The activity of a spent Pd-based catalyst with respect to VOC molecule was observed to follow sequence: xylene> toluene> benzene. Benzene. toluene and xylene could be removed to almost 100% by a spent Pd-based catalyst primed with hydrogen.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.522-526
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• 2009

The catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichloribenzene (1,2-DCB) and simultaneous catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides over the single catalyst has been investigated over various metals (Ru, Mn, Co and Fe) supported on $Al_2O_3$ and $CeO_{2}$. The activity of the different catalysts for catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichloribenzene depended on the used metal, Ru/Co/$Al_2O_3$, Mn-Fe/CeO2 and Cr/$Al_2O_3$ (commercial catalysts) being the most actives ones. In the catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene (CB), Ru/Co/$Al_2O_3$ is better than Pt-Pd/$Al_2O_3$, which is the well-known catalyst good for VOC oxidation. Furthermore, it has a good durability on the deactivation by $Cl_2$ and sulfur. For nitrogen oxides (NOx) removal, NOx conversion was 70% at $260^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.415-423
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• 1996

Hydrogen reduction technique was used to form the nickel layer onto alumina powders in nickel sulfate solutions. The reduction rate and precipitation states of nickel ions were investigated at various experimental conditions such as hydrogen pressure, temperature, $PdCl_{2}$ addition, particle size, and so on. Uniformly nickel coated alumina composite powders were obtained at such condition as reduction temperature of $165^{\circ}C$, hydrogen pressure of 300 psi, and $PdCl_{2}$ amount of $2\;mg/\ell$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.1475-1477
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 LNG/LPG 센서와 솔벤트 센서를 국산화한 결과를 보고한다. LNG/LPG 센서는 $SnO_{2-}\;WO_3$ 모물질에 Pd, Pt 촉매를 첨가하여 제작하였다. 센서를 $400^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 동작시키면 CO가 촉매층에서 거의 $CO_2$로 산화되어 감지막의 저항변화에 아무런 기여도 못하기 때문에 팔라듐 촉매 센서부와 백금촉매 센서부의 신호로부터 탄화수소와 CO를 구별할 수 있다. 또한 촉매층 위에 다공성 보호층를 형성하여 촉매층과 감지막을 보호함으로써 장기 안정성이 크게 향상 되었다. 한편, 감지물질로 $BaSnO_3$를 사용해 제작된 솔벤트 센서는 에탄올에 매우 우수한 감도와 선택성을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 1996

The catalysts composed of Pt, Pd and W as active-components, $Al_{2}O_{3}$ and $SiO_{2}$ as supports, were perpared on the honeycomb type substrate and characterized by BET, SEM, TGA, FT-IR and XRD for diesel emission control. CO, $C_{3}H_{6}$, and $SO_{2}$ oxidation was carried out over these catalysts in a fixed bed continuous flow reactor at the temperatures between 100-500.deg.C and reactant gas was composed of 10 vol.% $O_{2}$, 1 vol.% CO, 0.8 vol.% $C_{3}H_{6}$ and 88.2 vol.% $N_{2}$. It was found that under these experimental conditions, the CO, $C_{3}H_{6}$ oxidation activity of Pt-W catalyst was higher than that of any other prepared catalyst, and this catalyst had also a good inhibition effect on $SO_{2}$ oxidation. Also it was show that the influence of $SO_{2}$ on $Al_{2}O_{3}$ was more sever than that of $SO_{2}$ on $SiO_{2}$.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.458-463
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• 2019

Palladium (Pd) is widely used as a catalyst and noxious gas sensing materials. Especially, various researches of Pd based hydrogen gas sensor have been studied due to the noble property, Pd can be adsorbed hydrogen up to 900 times its own volume. In this study, palladium oxide (PdO) nanostructures were grown on Si substrate ($SiO_2(300nm)/Si$) for 3 to 5 hours at $230^{\circ}C{\sim}440^{\circ}C$ using thermal chemical vapor deposition system. Pd powder (source material) was vaporized at $950^{\circ}C$ and high purity Ar gas (carrier gas) was flown with the 200 sccm. The surface morphology of as-grown PdO nanostructures were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM). The crystallographic properties were confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. As the results, the as-grown nanostructures exhibit PdO phase. The nano-cube structures of PdO were synthesized at specific substrate temperatures and specific growth duration. Especially, PdO nano-cube structrures were uniformly grown at $370^{\circ}C$ for growth duration of 5 hours. The PdO nano-cube structures are attributed to vapor-liquid-solid process. The nano-cube structures of PdO on graphene nanosheet can be applied to fabricate of high sensitivity hydrogen gas sensor.