• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.546-550
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• 2014

To investigate the minimum near-infrared ray intensity required (quantifiable threshold value) for consistent measurements of axial length (AL) using partial coherence interferometry (PCI), we attached two polarizing lenses (PL) to two types of PCI (IOLmaster, ALscan). The near-infrared ray intensity of PCI was modified by rotating the axis of one PL at intervals of 5 degrees. The right eye of each volunteer was measured three times and the AL and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was recorded five times for each measurement. Reduction of light intensity was theoretically estimated using Malus' Law. AL was measured consistently with both IOLmaster and ALscan until they reached 55 degrees (1.33 % of intensity) and 60 degrees (0.77%), respectively (P = 0.343, Log-rank test). In contrast, SNR decreased as light intensity decreased. In addition, to analyze media opacities that precluded measurement of AL, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients unmeasurable by PCI (ALscan) from May to November 2013. Thirty-eight of 473 eyes (8.0%) could not be measured using ALscan due to media opacities, such as severe posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC, 11 eyes), hypermature cataract (9 eyes), and vitreous hemorrhage (18 eyes). The mean grades of vitreous haze and PSC were $7.72{\pm}0.96$ and $4.45{\pm}1.04$, respectively. In conclusion, up to 0.77-1.33% of near-infrared rays decreased, and AL could be measured consistently.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.34-41
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• 2002

This paper describes a scalable implementation method of a word-based RSA cryptoprocessor using pseudo carry look-ahead adder The basic organization of the modular multiplier consists of two layers of carry-save adders (CSA) and a reduced carry generation and Propagation scheme called the pseudo carry look-ahead adder for the high-speed final addition. The proposed modular multiplier does not need complicated shift and alignment blocks to generate the next word at each clock cycle. Therefore, the proposed architecture reduces the hardware resources and speeds up the modular computation. We implemented a single-chip 1024-bit RSA cryptoprocessor based on the word-based modular multiplier with 256 datapaths in 0.5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ SOG technology after verifying the proposed architectures using FPGA with PCI bus.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.140-151
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate health behaviors of patients before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: The subjects of this study were 120 men and women whose age ranged from 40 years to 69 years among the patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention in Y university hospital that was located in Daegu city and who had diagnosed for 3 months or more and less than 2 years. Structured questionnaire was used to conduct self-administered survey from May 15 to October 12 in 2012. Results: Patients's health behavior score was ranged from 46 to 94 points after the PCI intervention. The score was $65.42{\pm}12.99$ points before and significantly increased up to $72.53{\pm}10.18$ points after the PCI intervention (p<.001). According to subcategory of health behavior, significant differences were found in scores of health responsibility (increased interest in health, watching of lecture on health and behavior to be punctual on counseling or medical treatment), diet, smoking, and drinking (p<.001, p=.039, p=<.001). However, no significant change was found in practice efforts such as exercise, eating habits and relaxation for stress management. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is necessary to provide education and counseling that enabling patients to improve smoking, drinking, practicing exercise and healthy eating habits.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.989-999
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: We aimed to compare outcomes of complete revascularization (CR) versus culprit-only revascularization for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD) in the $2^{nd}$ generation drug-eluting stent (DES) era. Methods: From 2009 to 2014, patients with STEMI and MVD, who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using a $2^{nd}$ generation DES for culprit lesions were enrolled. CR was defined as PCI for a non-infarct-related artery during the index admission. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) was defined as cardiovascular (CV) death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, or heart failure during the follow-up year. Results: In total, 705 MVD patients were suitable for the analysis, of whom 286 (41%) underwent culprit-only PCI and 419 (59%) underwent CR during the index admission. The incidence of MACE was 11.5% in the CR group versus 18.5% in the culprit-only group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37-0.86; p<0.01; adjusted HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.40-0.99; p=0.04). The CR group revealed a significantly lower incidence of CV death (7.2% vs. 12.9%; HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31-0.86; p=0.01 and adjusted HR, 0.57; 95% CI; 0.32-0.97; p=0.03, respectively). Conclusions: CR was associated with better outcomes including reductions in MACE and CV death at 1 year of follow-up compared with culprit-only PCI in the $2^{nd}$ generation DES era.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of cardiopulmonary physiotherapy on the cardiopulmonary function, metabolism, inflammatory markers, and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: Electronic bibliographic databases of a regional information sharing system (RISS) and PubMed were searched to identify studies with randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. As the final outcome, 320 publications were identified and 18 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All studies were assessed for the quality of study using Cochrane's risk of bias. RESULTS: Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, in which meta-analysis had been conducted to examine the effectiveness of cardiopulmonary physiotherapy on the cardiopulmonary function, metabolism, inflammatory markers, and quality of life in patients undergoing PCI. Meta-analysis based on a random effect model showed that the cardiopulmonary physiotherapy was beneficial in improving the cardiopulmonary function, metabolism, inflammatory markers, and quality of life. In particular, there was a significant effect on the peak oxygen uptake (effect size 5.30%; 95% confidence interval 3.62~6.97). Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy for a during period of 6 weeks or more was effective in significantly improving the cardiopulmonary function and metabolism function in a subgroup analysis, but cardiopulmonary physiotherapy for less than 6 weeks was not effective. CONCLUSION: Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy has positive effects on the cardiopulmonary function, metabolism, inflammatory markers, and quality of life in patients undergoing PCI.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.112-116
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• 2019

Thp1/PCID2 is a subunit of the evolutionally conserved TREX-2 complex, which is required for transcription-coupled mRNA export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, there are two orthologs of the Thp1/PCID2 protein. In addition to pci2 (SPBC1105.07c) gene, SPAC1B3.08 gene encodes a PCI domain-containing protein that is predicted as a component of TREX-2 complex. Overexpression of SPAC1B3.08 cause slight defects of both growth and mRNA export. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation analysis exhibits that the SPAC1B3.08 protein interacted with Sac3 and Dss1, which are another components of TREX-2 complex. These observations support the possibility that the S. pombe SPAC1B3.08 protein, as a component of TREX-2 complex, is involved in mRNA export.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.351-359
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• 2022

Objectives: The Regional CardioCerebroVascular Center (RCCVC) project was initiated to improve clinical outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction or stroke in non-capital areas of Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes and issues identified by the Busan RCCVC project in the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: Among the patients who were registered in the Korean Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction for the RCCVC project between 2007 and 2019, those who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for STEMI at the Busan RCCVC were selected, and their medical data were compared with a historical cohort. Results: In total, 1161 patients were selected for the analysis. Ten years after the implementation of the Busan RCCVC project, the median door-to-balloon time was reduced from 86 (interquartile range [IQR], 64-116) to 54 (IQR, 44-61) minutes, and the median symptom-to-balloon time was reduced from 256 (IQR, 180-407) to 189 (IQR, 118-305) minutes (p<0.001). Inversely, the false-positive PCI team activation rate increased from 0.6% to 21.4% (p<0.001). However, the 1-year cardiovascular death and major adverse cardiac event rates did not change. Even after 10 years, approximately 75% of the patients had a symptom-to-balloon time over 120 minutes, and approximately 50% of the patients underwent inter-hospital transfer for primary PCI. Conclusions: A decade after the implementation of the Busan RCCVC project, although time parameters for early reperfusion therapy for STEMI improved, at the cost of an increased false-positive PCI team activation rate, survival outcomes were unchanged.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.280-287
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• 2022

Several studies have shown the benefit of complete revascularization (CR) over culprit-only percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD). Nevertheless, optimal strategy to select targets for non-culprit PCI has not been clarified. In this paper, we critically discuss and compare the safety and efficacy of different strategies for CR in patients with STEMI and MVD using a Bayesian network meta-analysis including all previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs). In Bayesian network meta-analysis of 13 RCTs, culprit-only PCI was associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), compared with angiography-guided or fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided CR strategies. However, there was no significant difference between angiography-guided and FFR-guided CR strategies in the risk of MACE and its individual components including all-cause death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and revascularization. These evidence support that both angiography-guided and FFR-guided complete revascularization strategies would be reasonable treatment option in patients with STEMI and MVD. If the non-culprit lesion is severe on visual assessment, angiography-guided PCI can be considered. If the non-culprit lesion is intermediate in severity or unclear based on visual assessment, FFR-guided strategy can be used as a reliable and objective tool, providing similar benefits with less stents compared with an angiography-guided strategy. Further RCT is needed to evaluate direct comparison between angiography-guided and FFR-guided CR strategies in patients with STEMI and MVD. Ongoing FRAME-AMI trial (NCT02715518) will provide more evidence regarding this issue.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.309-315
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• 1998

Process Capability can be expressed with a process index which indicates the incapability of a process to meet its specifications. This index is regarded as a process capability index(PCI) or more precisely as a process incapability index(PII). It is obtained from a simple transformation of a PCI. Greenwich and Jahr-Schaffrath(1995) considered the PII $C_{pp}$ which could be obtained from the transformation to the PCI, $C_{pm}$, and they provided the asymptotic distribution for $C_{pp}$ which was useful unless the process characteristic was normally distributed. However, some statistical inferences based on the asymptotic distribution need a large sample size. There are some processes which process engineers could not help obtaining sufficiently a large sample size. Thus, we have derived its corresponding bootstrap asymptotic distribution since bootstrapping would be a helpful technique for the PII, $C_{pp}$ which was nonparametric or free from assumptions of the distribution of the characteristic X. Moreover, we have constructed six bootstrap confidence intervals used in reducing bias of estimations based on the bootstrap asymptotic distribution and simulated their performances for $C_{pp}$,

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.860-867
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that predict discomfort after coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) among hospitalized patients. Methods: A total of 203 patients who underwent coronary angiography or PCI were recruited from C hospital located in S city, J province, from June through August 2008. The level of discomfort was measured and standardized by two instruments, discomfort questionnaire and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Stepwise multiple regression showed that the factors predicting the level of discomfort were type of angiography, gender, previous angiography, dysuria, pre-information, and sleep satisfaction, which together explained 30.6% of the total variance of the level of discomfort. Conclusion: Patients who had previous experience with these procedures, received a pre-information about the upcoming procedure, had no dysuria, and had slept well after the procedure were less likely to complain discomfort. Pre-informed education should be given by nurses to patients who will have an angiography or PCI to reduce their physical and emotional discomforts.