• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.247-252
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• 1986

More than 300 specimens of higher fungi were collected in Mt. Jiri National Park areas from June, 1984 to September, 1985. These higher fungi were identified. As the resulting, Clitocybe flaccida (Fr.) Kummer, Tricoloma sejuctum (Fr.) $Qu\acute{e}l.$, Melanoleuca melaleuca (Fr.) Murr., Amanita rubrovolvata Imai, Rhodophyllus lazulinus (Fr.) ,$Qu\acute{e}l.$ Paxillus involutus (Fr.) Fr., and Lactarius campholatus Fr. were new to be Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.301-306
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• 2004

The sensitivity to Cd of three ectomycorrhizal fungi, Paxillus involutus, Suillus bovinus and Rhizopogon subcaerulescens, was assessed and compared in terms of radial growth and dry mass production, using both agar and liquid culture. The radial growth of S. bovinus and R. subcaerulescens was significantly reduced at the lowest concentration (0.1mg Cd/L). The 50% effective concentration (EC$_{50}$) values calculated from radial growth rates of the ectomycorrhizal fungi showed that the sensitivity of the fungi to Cd was greatest in S. bovinus and lowest in R. subcaerulescens. Cadmium addition also significantly decreased dry mass production of the ectomycorrhizal fungi. The sensitivity of the fungi to Cd in terms of dry mass production, was greatest in S. bovinus and lowest in P. involutus. Higher growth rates of P. involutus and melanisation of R. subcaerulescens appeared to contribute to reduced Cd toxicity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.429-444
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• 1998

Objective of this study was to select ectomycorrhizal fungi for black spruce(Picea mariana) inoculation to overcome the growth inhibitory effects of Kalmia angustifolia. Nineteen isolates representing 11 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi were tested for their abilities to grow and form mycorrhizae with black spruce seedlings in the presence of water leachate of leaves of Kalmia. Mycelium growth of 9 isolates were inhibited by the leaf leachate. Colony diameter and biomass of the other 10 isolates were either increased or unaffected under the same conditions. Acidic pH of the culture medium(pH 3 and 4) inhibited some of the fungi, but a combination of acidic pH and the leaf leachate was more inhibitory. Thirteen isolates were able to form ectomycorrhizae with black spruce in presence of 25% leaf leachate in pure culture. Four isolates, Paxillus involutus(NF4), Cenococcum geophilum(GB12), Laccaria laccata(GB23), and E-strain(GB45) formed mycorrhizae more successfully than the others in presence of up to 50% Kalmia leaf leachate. Black spruce seedlings pre-inoculated with these fungi were grown with Kalmia leaf leachate and live Kalmia plants during a four month greenhouse experiment. Abundant mycorrhizae(77-91% of root tips) were developed on seedlings pre-inoculated with P. involutus, L. laccata and E-strain but relatively poor mycorrhization(32% of root tips) resulted with C. geophidum. Over 90% of the short root mycorrhizae were attributed to the inoculated fungi although indigenous mycorrhizae also occurred on most seedlings. Persistence of the mycorrhizae was not affected by living Kalmia plants. Over 80% of the mycorrhizae on seedlings inoculated with P. involutus, L. laccata and E-strain and 53% of the mycorrhizae on seedlings inoculated with C. geophilum were attributable to the inoculant fungi. Control seedlings formed about 45% ectomycorrhizal short roots with indigenous fungi. The L. laccata and C. geophilum inoculated seedlings exhibited enhanced mycorrhizae formation in presence of Kalmia leaf leachate. Mycorrhizae formation with inoculant fungi was 4-15% lower at pH 4 than at pH 5, with the greatest inhibition occurring for L. laccata. Seedlings inoculated with P. involutus had the greatest shoot and root growth followed by L. laccata and E-strain inoculated seedlings. The P. involutus and L. laccata inoculated seedlings were significantly taller with more shoot dry biomass than the uninoculated(control) seedlings. E-strain inoculated seedlings had significantly higher shoot dry biomass and significantly lower number of first order lateral roots compared to the control but other growth parameters such as height, root dry weight and number of short root tips were not significantly different from the control. Seedlings inoculated with C. geophilum were not significantly different from the uninoculated seedlings in any of the growth parameters except for the number of first artier lateral roots which was significantly less than the control seedlings.

• Mycobiology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2002

The mycelia were directly isolated from eight species of fungal basidiocarps, confirmed to the ectomycorrhiza in the roots from the fields(forestry); Suillus bovinus, Paxillus involutus, Lactarius hysginus, Russula fragilis, Lepista nuda, Lyophyllum shimeji, Tricholoma matsutake, and Russula integra. The mycelia were pure-cultured with several transferring in various agars, and inoculated to the roots of pine(Pinus densiflora) seedling by in vitro method. After ten months growth under artificially aseptic conditions, all pine seedlings inoculated were stimulated at the growth-height, whereas those not inoculated were nearly dead. Also, the ramifications of ectomycorrhizal pine roots formed in the synthetic in vitro systems and were various according to the different mycelia. Synthesis of ectomycorrhiza were clearly confirmed in ten months growth, but not distinguished at this moment. It was clearly proved that the mycelia isolated caused the ectomycorrhizae in the roots of pine seedlings.