• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2013

Satellite cells were derived from muscular tissue in postnatal pig. Satellite cell is an important to growth and development in animal tissues or organs. However, the progress underlying induced differentiation is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphologic and the transcriptome changes in porcine satellite cell (PSC) treated with insulin, rosiglitazone, or dexamethasone respectively. PSC was obtained from postnatal muscle tissue. In study 1, for study the effect of insulin and FBS on the differentiated satellite cells, cells were cultured at absence or presence of insulin treated with FBS. Total RNA was extracted for determining the expression levels of myogenic PAX3, PAX7, Myf5, MyoD, and myogenin genes by real-time PCR. Myogenic genes decreased expression levels of mRNA in treated with insulin. In study 2, in order to clarify the relationship between rosiglitazone and lipid in differentiated satellite cells, we further examined the effect of FBS on lipid accumulation in the presence or absence of the rosiglitazone and lipid. Significant differences were observed between rosiglitazone and lipid by FBS. The mRNA of FABP4 and $PPAR{\gamma}$ increased in rosiglitazone treatment. In study 3, we examined the effect of dexamethasone on osteogenic differentiation in PSC. The mRNA was increased osteoblasotgenic ALP and ON genes treated with dexamethasone in 2% FBS. Dexamethasone induces osteoblastogenesis in differentiated PSC. Taken together, in differentiated PSCs, FABP4 and $PPAR{\gamma}$ increased to rosiglitazone. Whereas, no differences to FBS and lipid. These results were not comparable with previous reports. Our results suggest that adipogenic, myogenic, and osteoblastogenic could be isolated from porcine skeletal muscle, and identify culture conditions which optimize proliferation and differentiation formation of PSC.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1078-1087
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• 2021

Objective: Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) are significant for the growth, regeneration, and maintenance of skeletal muscle after birth. However, currently, few studies have been performed on the isolation, culture and inducing differentiation of goose muscle satellite cells. Previous studies have shown that C1q and tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3) participated in the process of muscle growth and development, but its role in the goose skeletal muscle development is not yet clear. This study aimed to isolate, culture, and identify the goose SMSCs in vitro. Additionally, to explore the function of CTRP3 in goose SMSCs. Methods: Goose SMSCs were isolated using 0.25% trypsin from leg muscle (LM) of 15 to 20 day fertilized goose eggs. Cell differentiation was induced by transferring the cells to differentiation medium with 2% horse serum and 1% penicillin streptomycin. Immunofluorescence staining of Desmin and Pax7 was used to identify goose SMSCs. Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction and western blot were applied to explore developmental expression profile of CTRP3 in LM and the regulation of CTRP3 on myosin heavy chains (MyHC), myogenin (MyoG) expression and Notch signaling pathway related genes expression. Results: The goose SMSCs were successfully isolated and cultured. The expression of Pax7 and Desmin were observed in the isolated cells. The expression of CTRP3 decreased significantly during leg muscle development. Overexpression of CTRP3 could enhance the expression of two myogenic differentiation marker genes, MyHC and MyoG. But knockdown of CTRP3 suppressed their expression. Furthermore, CTRP3 could repress the mRNA level of Notch signaling pathway-related genes, notch receptor 1, notch receptor 2 and hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 1, which previously showed a negative regulation in myoblast differentiation. Conclusion: These findings provide a useful cell model for the future research on goose muscle development and suggest that CTRP3 may play an essential role in skeletal muscle growth of goose.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2009

The differentiation of neural precursor cells (NPCs) into neurons and astrocytes is a process that is tightly controlled by complicated and ill-defined gene networks. To extend our knowledge to gene networks, we performed a temporal analysis of gene expression during the differentiation (2, 4, and 8 days) of spinal cord-derived NPCs using oligonucleotide microarray technology. Out of 32,996 genes analyzed, 1878 exhibited significant changes in expression level (fold change>2, p<0.05) at least once throughout the differentiation process. These 1878 genes were classified into 12 groups by k-means clustering, based on their expression patterns. K-means clustering analysis revealed that the genes involved in astrogenesis were categorized into the clusters containing constantly upregulated genes, whereas the genes involved in neurogenesis were grouped to the cluster showing a sudden decrease in gene expression on Day 8. Functional analysis of the differentially expressed genes indicated the enrichment of genes for Pax6- NeuroD signaling.TGFb-SMAD and BMP-SMAD.which suggest the implication of these genes in the differentiation of NPCs and, in particular, key roles for Nova1 and TGFBR1 in the neurogenesis/astrogenesis of mouse spinal cord.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2007

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of the most prevalent congenital craniofacial anomalies. It has a significantly greater incidence of dental abnormalities in number, size, shape, and eruption of the teeth. Knout-out mouse model can identify several genes which play an important role in tooth agenesis. Since disruption of these genes has been confirmed to result in tooth agenesis in humans, CLP associated with hypodontia may be the best models for isolated tooth agenesis. According to the studies of dental abnormalities in CLP, the severity of dental defect is known to be influenced by the CLP phenotype. The cumulative data obtained from mouse and human genetic studies indicated that MSX1, PAX9 and AXIN2 are considered as candidate genes in non-syndromic hypodontia, while Shh, Pitx2, Irf6, p63 and EDA pathway genes are involved in syndromic one. We expect that genetic approach of CLP can offer the basis for tooth regeneration and be a new target in hypodontia therapy.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.13.1-13.5
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• 2022

Cutaneous lymphoma is rare in cats. An 11-year-old spayed female Persian cat presented with crust, ulceration, and multiple nodules on the shoulder and forelimb for 2 months. Computed tomography revealed a diffuse, irregularly margined lesion in the dorsal cutis extending from cervical to thoracic vertebrae. Cytological evaluation predominantly revealed large round cells with multilobulated nuclei and basophilic cytoplasm. Histopathological examination confirmed round CD3+/PAX5-cells packed in the dermis. Thus, the diagnosis of non-epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma with a diffuse large T-cell type was made. The disease progressed rapidly for the next 2 weeks, and the owner elected humane euthanasia.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2007

Human embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation embryo and have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells in the body. Hence, these cells may potentially be an indefinite source of cells for cell therapy in various degenerative diseases including neuronal disorders. For clinical applications of human ES cells, directed differentiation of these cells would be necessary. The objective of this study is to develop the culture condition for the expansion of neural precursor cells derived from human ES cells. Human ES cells were able to differentiate into neural precursor cells upon a stepwise culture condition. Neural precursor cells were propagated up to 5000-fold in cell numbers over 12-week period of culture and evaluated for their characteristics. Expressions of sox1 and pax6 transcripts were dramatically up-regulated along the differentiation stages by RT-PCR analysis. In contrast, expressions of oct4 and nanog transcripts were completely disappeared in neural precursor cells. Expressions of nestin, pax6 and sox1 were also confirmed in neural precursor cells by immunocytochemical analysis. Upon differentiation, the expanded neural precursor cells differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. In immunocytochemical analysis, expressions of type III ${\beta}$-tubulin and MAP2ab were observed Presence of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes were also confirmed by expressions of GFAP and O4, respectively. Results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of long-term expansion of human ES cell-derived neural precursor cells in vitro, which can be a potential source of the cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2016

최근 국민의 소득수준 증가에 따른 소아의 교정치료 등의 관심이 커지면서 치과방사선 검사의 건수가 증가하고 있어 부정교합 및 악골과 치아의 위치변화 등을 관찰할 수 있는 두부규격방사선촬영이 빈번해지고 있다. 특히 검사 대상자가 방사선에 더욱 민감한 소아 층에 집중되어 있고 촬영 부위인 두경부에는 갑상선, 골수, 안구, 타액선 등의 방사선에 민감한 주요 장기가 위치하고 있어 피폭의 주의가 요구된다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 Agfa CP-G Plus 필름과 MagicMax 선량계를 이용하여 두경부규격방사선촬영장치(VATEC Pax-400C)에서 발생되는 X선의 2차원 선량분포를 측정하고 MCNPX 시뮬레이션을 통해 두경부 장기선량을 계산하였으며 피폭저감 장치를 설계하였다. 두부규격방사선촬영의 선량분포는 구강악안면의 검사 목적 부위 이외에도 두경부 전체적인 피폭이 일어나고 두경부 주요 장기 중 갑상선과 식도, 눈에서 높은 피폭선량 값을 확인하였다. 그리고 설계한 피폭저감 장치를 적용에 따라 갑상선과 식도, 눈에서 70~80% 피폭이 저감됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과는 치과방사선에 대한 선량 데이터 확보와 방사선 피폭 저감 연구에 있어 매우 유용하게 이용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2013

북방계 식물들의 잔존적 피난처인 아고산대에 분포하는 식물들은 기후변화에 따른 자생지 환경변화로 인해 멸종 및 멸절 위험에 크게 직면해 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 한반도의 남부지역 아고산대에 제한적으로 분포하고 있는 특산식물이며 희귀식물인 설앵초(Primula farinosa subsp. modesta (Bisset & Moore) Pax)에 대한 유전적 다양성과 지리적 분화 양상을 구명을 통한 보존전략을 수립하기 위해 3지역 6집단 165개체를 대상으로 ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과 집단 수준의 유전 다양성의 평균은(P = 60.62, SI = 0.299, h = 0.190) 유사한 생활사를 갖는 다년생 초본류의 평균보다 낮은 수준이었으며, 이형화주의 특징을 갖는Primula속의 근연 분류군들에 비해서도 다소 낮은 결과를 보였다. 유전적 분화도 구명을 위해 AMOVA(Analysis of molecular variance) 분석 결과 전체 유전변이 중 약 50%가 지역 간에 분포하는 결과를 보여 종내 지역간 분화도가 매우 높은 수준으로 판단되며, Bayesian cluster 분석 결과에서도 조사된 세 지역이 각각 독특한 유전적 cluster를 형성함으로써 개체군간 유전자 이동이 매우 제한적임을 암시하였다. 따라서 설앵초 집단의 급속한 분획화와 낮은 수준의 유전적 다양성, 지역간 높은 분화도 등의 특성들을 고려하여 설앵초 집단의 개체군 감소 및 멸절 방지를 위한 현지 내 외 보전 전략 수립이 시급한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2018

WAGR (Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies, and mental retardation) syndrome is a rare contiguous gene deletion syndrome caused by deleting genes including WT1 and PAX6 genes in 11p13 region, which is characterized by Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and intellectual disability. We report the clinical and cytogenetic characteristics of one Korean patient with WAGR syndrome. The patient shows bilateral sporadic aniridia and genital anomalies at 2 months of age. A heterozygous 14.5 Mb interstitial deletion of 11p14.3p12 region was detected by array comparative genomic hybridization. At 2 years and 10 months of age, Wilms tumor is found through regularly abdominal ultrasonography and treated by chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2005

The concept of recent cruise ship design is changing rapidly according to the expansion of cruise fleet sizes, emphasis on passenger safety and tightened requirements for ecotourism. In this view point, this study focuses on investigative analysis for the recent trends in cruise ship design and construction. Based on the shipyard production logs and the cruise industry's annual news, the data for principal dimensions of newly built cruise ships, their hull forms and propulsion devices and the characteristics of cabin and public spaces are collected and analysed. As expected, it is found that the size of cruise ships is growing and the design concept is becoming more leisure-oriented for all ages rather than lust sightseeing. For producing a greater ton/pax ratio, the adoption of podded electric propulsion system, outside cabins and balcony spaces is a common trend in recent cruise ship design.