• The Korean Nurse
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.77-99
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• 1992

The study was carried out at W. hospital, an affiliated hospital of Y university, involved a total of 163 patients who were discharged from the hospital between May 1990 und March 199J. Data collection was twice, just prior to discharge and a minimum of three months post discharge. Thirty patients who lived within a hour travel time of the hospital received home care during the three months post discharge. Nursing diagnoses and nursing interventions For these patients were analyzed in this study. The results of the study are summarized as follows : 1. Discharge needs for the subjects of the study were analyzed using Gordon's eleven Functional categories and it was found that 48.3% of the total sample had identified nursing needs. Of these, the needs most frequently identified were in the categories of sexuality, 79.3 %, health perception, 68.2 % self concept, 62.5 %, and sleep and rest 62.5 %. Looking ut j he nursing diagnosis that were made for the 30 patients receiving home care, the following diagnoses were the most frequently given; alteration in sexual pattern 79.3%, alterations in health maintenance, 72.6%, alteration in comfort, 68.0%, depression, 64.0%, noncompliance with diet therapy, 6.3.7%, alteration in self concept, 55.6%, and alteration in sleep pattern, 53%. 2. In looking at the effects of home nursing care as demonstrated by changes in the functional categories over the three month period, it was Found that of the 11 functional categories, the need level for health perception, nutrition, activity and self concept decreased slightly over the three month period. On the average sleep patterns improved, but restfulness was slightly less and bowel elimination patterns improved but satisfaction with urinary elimination was slightly less. On the other hand, role enactment, sexuality, stress management and spirituality decreased slightly. The only results that were statistically significant at the 0.05 level were improvement. in digestion and decrease in pain. No statistically significant changes were found in ability related to ADL, the total ADL Score at discharge was $19.78{\pm}8.234, and after 3 months $19.01{\pm}8.12$. Considering that a majority of the patients were over 60 years of age and that many had brain or spinal cord injuries, the fact that their ADL ability did nor deteriorate after discharge can be interpreted as related to a positive impact by the home health care nurses. Similarly there was a slight be not statistically significant decrease in the quality of life scores between the two lest times(l47.83 at discharge and 113.02 at the three month period). Again, when the chronic nature of thee problems facing these patients is considered this maintenance of quality of life can be interpreted as a positive impact by the home health care nurses. 3. One of the home care nursing activities was diagnosis. For this activity it was found that for nine functional health categories(sexuality and spirituality excepted) there were 20 nursing diagnoses. The most frequent were noncompliance, alteration in skin integrity both actual and potential, and impaired physical mobility in that order. 4. Delivery of home health care by the home health nurses included the following nursing activities; assessment, patient education, demonstration of care activities, counselling, direct care to the patient and referrals. Direct care included changing dressings, bladder irrigations, changing Foley catheters, measurement of residual urine, perineal care, position change, back care, oral hygiene, exercise and massage of motion exercises, cleansing enemas, tracheostomy suctioning and tracheostomy care, care of dentures, applications of heat and other similar nursing activities. In conclusion almost 50% of (he sample indicated a need for continued nursing care at the time of discharge and for the patients in the sample who received home care there was a slight decrease in nursing needs but while the patients had chronic and debilitation problems there was ill decrease in ADL abilities or in quality of life. Further study needs Lo be done La increase the reliability and validity of the tool that was used to measure home health care needs. It is also recommended that study by done using a randomized sampling with a control group to compare patients who receive home care with those who do not.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine whether the published AMI report card could reduce in-patient mortality, 7-day after discharge mortality, and length of stay (LOS). Methods : Interrupted time-series intervention analysis was used to evaluate the impact of the report card for AMI care quality in November 2005 in terms of risk-adjusted in-patient mortality, risk-adjusted 7-day after discharge mortality, and DRGs case-mix LOS using the claim data of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. Results : Public disclosure of AMI care quality decreased risk-adjusted in-patient mortality and DRGs case-mix LOS by 0.00050% per month and 0.042 days per month respectively, however there was no effect on risk-adjusted 7-day after discharge mortality. Patterns of effect of public disclosure on AMI outcomes were a fluctuating pattern on risk-adjusted mortalities and a pulse impact for 1 month on DRGs case-mix LOS. Conclusions : We found the public disclosure of AMI care quality had decreasing effects on risk-adjusted in-patient mortality and DRGs case-mix LOS, but the size of the effect was marginal.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.211-238
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• 2016

This study examines indicators and factors for identification of ASD(Autism Spectrum Disorder) characteristics of infants and toddlers and early screening of children with ASD by day care teachers. Focus group interviews were conducted with 11 teachers by a semi-structured questionnaire developed by the authors. The findings are: 1) key problems and indicators of behavioral characteristics of children with ASD included problems with social communication and interactions, restricted and unusual interests, outstanding ability in specific areas, insistence on sameness and ritualized patterns, problems with language development and communication, sensory abnormalities; 2) counseling with parents of children with ASD revealed a lack of recognition of parents, negative expressions of emotions and resistance, and difficulties in referral to and association with experts; 3) needs for ASD in the child care field included visiting by experts, provision of test scales, training of child care teachers and parents, and building cooperative systems; and 4) demands of development and execution of a Korean-style scale for early screening of children with ASD.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1057-1068
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the differences of health patterns; health-related characteristics, health behaviors, health problems, and self-care levels of elderly, living alone in an urban area according to age roup. Method: The study design was a descriptive survey and the subjects were 1,800 elderly consisting of 937 young old, 704 middle old, and 159 old old. Data was collected from May to July 2003 using the structured questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics, $\chi$$^2$-test, Fisher's exact probability test, ANOVA and Scheffe test using SPSS/PC. Result: The health related characteristics which involved body mass index, mental status, use of assistant devices, perceived health, concern of health, and social support were different among the groups and more aggravated by aging. Health behaviors and health problems were also significantly aggravated in the old old group. The self-care levels measured by ADL, physical activity, and self-care ability scores were also significantly decreased in the old old group. Conclusion: For the level of health status, health behaviors and self-care ability were significantly decreased by aging, health care services for the elderly should be planned considering the difference in the health pattern by age group.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.166-176
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify functional structure and patterns of dialogue sequence in conversations between elderly patients with dementia and nurses in a long-term care facility. Methods: Conversation analysis was used to analyze the data which were collected using video-camera to capture non-verbal as well as verbal behaviors. Data collection was done during February 2005. Results: Introduction, assessment, intervention, and closing phases were identified as functional structure. Essential parts of the conversation were the assessment and intervention phases. In the assessment phase three sequential patterns of nurse-initiated dialogue and four sequential patterns of patient-initiated dialogue were identified. Also four sequential patterns were identified in nurse-initiated and three in patient-initiated dialogues in the intervention phase. In general, "ask question", "advise", and "directive" were the most frequently used utterance by nurses in nurse-initiated dialogue, indicating nurses' domination of the conversation. At the same time, "ask back", "refute", "escape", or "false promise" were used often by nurses to discourage patients from talking when patients were raising questions or demanding. Conclusion: It is important for nurses to encourage patient-initiated dialogue to counterbalance nurse-dominated conversation which results from imbalance between nurses and patients in terms of knowledge and task in healthcare institutions for elders.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2022

With the recent proliferation of Hallyu content, national interest in Korea and the demand for designs with traditional Korean patterns as a motif is on the rise. In addition, as customers' design requirements tend to value more and more detailed and differentiated handcrafted designs, research on the motifs used in nail experts' original nail design development and nail design is continuously needed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to expand the scope of nail design motifs with high practical value by producing nail design works applying plant patterns of Wadang, used during the Unified Silla Period, and to diversify nail art expression techniques. The research reviewed domestic and foreign literature related to Wadang during the Unified Silla Period, analyzed the collection at the National Museum of Korea, and categorized the motifs based on the characteristics of plant patterns and Wadang during the Unified Silla Period. The tangible motifs are intended to be presented as a fusion of nail art design works that utilizes both flat and stereoscopic art techniques. Through this study, it was confirmed that the plant pattern of Wadang from the Unified Silla Period is an attractive motif that can be expressed in various nail designs expressing Korean emotions and traditional beauty, and furthermore, it can be used as basic data for the idea of various beauty design areas.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.70 no.5
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• pp.397-404
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• 2011

Background: To evaluate chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia without co-infection. Methods: Among 56 patients diagnosed with pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia, chest CT was obtained in 22 between October 2009 and Februrary 2010. Since two patients were co-infected with bacteria, the other twenty were evaluated. Predominant parenchymal patterns were categorized into consolidation, ground glass opacity (GGO), and mixed patterns. Distribution of parenchymal abnormalities was assessed. Results: Median age was 46.5 years. The CURB-65 score, which is the scoring system for severity of community acquired pneumonia, had a median of 1. Median duration of symptoms was 3 days. All had abnormal chest x-ray findings. The median number of days after the hospital visit that Chest CT was performed was 1. The reasons for chest CT performance were radiographic findings unusual for pneumonia (n=13) and unexplained dyspnea (n=7). GGO was the most predominant pattern on CT (n=13, 65.0%). Parenchymal abnormalities were observed in both lungs in 13 cases and were more extensive in the lower lung zone than the upper. Central and peripheral distributions were identified in ten and nine cases, respectively. One showed diffuse distribution. Peribronchial wall thickening was found in 16 cases. Centrilobular branching nodules (n=7), interlobular septal thickening (n=4), atelectasis (n=1), pleural effusion (n=5), enlarged hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes (n=6 and n=7) were also noted. Conclusion: Patchy and bilateral GGO along bronchi with predominant involvement of lower lungs are the most common chest CT findings of pandemic influenza A/H1N1 pneumonia.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2013

Objectives: Many epidemiological studies have suggested that a variety of medical illnesses are associated with suicide. Investigating the time-varying pattern of medical care utilization prior to death in suicides motivated by physical illnesses would be helpful for developing suicide prevention programs for patients with physical illnesses. Methods: Suicides motivated by physical illnesses were identified by the investigator's note from the National Police Agency, which was linked to the data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment. We investigated the time-varying patterns of medical care utilization during 1 year prior to suicide using repeated-measures data analysis after adjustment for age, gender, area of residence, and socioeconomic status. Results: Among 1994 suicides for physical illness, 1893 (94.9%) suicides contacted any medical care services and 445 (22.3%) suicides contacted mental health care during 1 year prior to suicide. The number of medical care visits and individual medical expenditures increased as the date of suicide approached (p<0.001). The number of medical care visits for psychiatric disorders prior to suicide significantly increased only in 40- to 64-year-old men (p=0.002), women <40 years old (p=0.011) and women 40 to 64 years old (p= 0.021) after adjustment for residence, socioeconomic status, and morbidity. Conclusions: Most of the suicides motivated by physical illnesses contacted medical care during 1 year prior to suicide, but many of them did not undergo psychiatric evaluation. This underscores the need for programs to provide psychosocial support to patients with physical illnesses.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of family interventions based on a philosophy of family-centered care conducted in neonatal intensive care units through an integrative literature review. Methods: We searched the PubMed, CINAHL, RISS, KISS, and DBpia databases; a total of 20 studies, published between January 2013 and May 2018, was selected according to our criteria. Results: Mothers accounted for a greater proportion of participants in family interventions than did fathers. Family interventions described in the studies were categorized into four educational and sixteen non-educational interventions. Among non-educational interventions, skin-to-skin-contact interventions, such as kangaroo care, accounted for the highest proportion. Only one paper employed a theoretical framework. Conclusion: More family interventions based on theoretical frameworks should be conducted as these frameworks serve as guidelines for nursing research. As the stress patterns experienced by parents in neonatal intensive care units showed gender differences, more programs tailored for fathers are needed. Moreover, further research should be conducted to evaluate feasibility as an outcome variable, and studies of family interventions based on a philosophy of family-centered care should be performed more actively in the neonatal intensive care units in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.84-102
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• 1994

This study was conducted to provide basic policy of home care service centered on early discharging patients from general hospitals. This subjects for this study were 291 discharging patients from university hospital in Chon-ju area. The data were collected during the period from July 1, 1993 through July 16, 1993. The measurement tools were developed based on 9 categorized human responses patterns suggested by NANDA and modified by the research team. The collected data were processed with SPSS/PC + frequency, percentage and mean were used for analysis. From the study, the following summerized conclusions have been drown. A. For home care needs, the mean was $19.0\%$ of possible to total 100 and in a range of $6.2\~39.5\%$ 1. Exchanging Pattern: $17.8\%$ 2. Communication Pattern: $8.6\%$ 3. Relating Pattern : $15.4\%$ 4. Valuing Pattern: $13.4\%$ 5. Choosing Pattern : $6.2\%$ 6. Moving Pattern : $22.9\%$ 7. Perceiving Pattern: $16.5\%$ 8. Knowing Pattern : $30.8\%$ 9. Feeling Pattern : $39.5\%$ B. Response to home care services, 1. $85.6\%$ of subjects didn't hear about home care service. 2. Over $90.0\%$ subjects approved home care service. 3. $83.5\%$of subjects were willing to use home care service. 4. $85.9\%$ of subjects will follow to early discharge order. On the basis of this findings, further studies are required to compare home care needs between patients, their family and community health people groups. And also required to develop to information strategies for home care nursing service.